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Java學習筆記——Linux下安裝配置MySQL

code names 刪掉 set 影響 per install nod 設置

山重水復疑無路,柳暗花明又一村

              ——遊山西村

系統:Ubuntu 16.04LTS

1\官網下載mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

2\建立工作組:
$su
#groupadd mysql
#useradd -r -g mysql mysql

3\創建目錄
#mkdir /usr/local/mysql
#mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data

4\解壓mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz,並拷貝至/usr/local/mysql
#tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
#cp -r /home/jieyamulu/mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/* /usr/local/mysql

5\修改mysql用戶對mysql以下及其子文件夾以下文件的權限,修改後可使用ll查看權限
root@Ice-***:/usr/local# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql
root@Ice-***:/usr/local# ll
總用量 44
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 5月 19 07:39 ./
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 2月 16 04:30 ../
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2月 16 04:19 bin/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2月 16 04:19 etc/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2月 16 04:19 games/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2月 16 04:19 include/
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 2月 16 04:23 lib/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 3月 29 14:11 man -> share/man/
drwxr-xr-x 10 mysql mysql 4096 5月 19 07:48 mysql/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2月 16 04:19 sbin/
drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 2月 16 04:34 share/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2月 16 04:19 src/
root@Ice-***:/usr/local# cd mysql/
root@Ice-***:/usr/local/mysql# ll
總用量 64
drwxr-xr-x 10 mysql mysql 4096 5月 19 07:48 ./
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 5月 19 07:39 ../
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 5月 19 07:48 bin/
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 17987 5月 19 07:48 COPYING
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 5月 19 07:41 data/
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 5月 19 07:48 docs/
drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 5月 19 07:48 include/
drwxr-xr-x 5 mysql mysql 4096 5月 19 07:48 lib/
drwxr-xr-x 4 mysql mysql 4096 5月 19 07:48 man/
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 2478 5月 19 07:48 README
drwxr-xr-x 28 mysql mysql 4096 5月 19 07:48 share/
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 5月 19 07:48 support-files/

6\修改(或新建)/etc/my.cnf 配置文件
root@Ice-***:/usr/local/mysql# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld] basedir=/usr/local/mysql/
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
:wq

7\最關鍵的初始化
# cd /usr/local/mysql/
root@Ice-***:/usr/local/mysql# ./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize

2017-05-19T00:15:46.529420Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2017-05-19T00:15:47.066125Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2017-05-19T00:15:47.213711Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2017-05-19T00:15:47.286951Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 4e958344-3c28-11e7-8334-c8d3ffd2db82.
2017-05-19T00:15:47.292857Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table ‘mysql.gtid_executed‘ cannot be opened.
2017-05-19T00:15:47.294758Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for [email protected]

/* */: YjaotQk*2ew4
初始密碼要記住
這裏可能會出現很多問題,比如:
Installing MySQL system tables..../bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
缺少依賴關系包
解決方法:sudo apt-get install libaio-dev
還有可能是之前步驟不對導致了操作data文件的權限不夠等等.按照步驟來,缺少什麽裝什麽(有提示),到了這裏應該就初始化成功了,那幾個Warning,值得註意的是Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table ‘mysql.gtid_executed‘ cannot be opened.有時間可以查下是怎麽回事,這條忽略也沒影響.

8\不要著急啟動,現在還啟動不了.執行代碼,將mysql下除了data文件夾外的文件變為root權限
root@Ice-***:/usr/local/mysql# chown -R root .
root@Ice-***:/usr/local/mysql# chown -R mysql data

9\啟動
root@Ice-***:/usr/local/mysql# bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
敲回車
root@Ice-***:/usr/local/mysql# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p

Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.18

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql>

10\重置密碼
mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD(‘newpasswd‘);
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye

11\設置開機啟動
root@Ice-***:/usr/local/mysql# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
root@Ice-***:/usr/local/mysql# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld

12\安裝mysql-server 和 mysql-client
root@Ice-***:~# apt-get install mysql-server
root@Ice-***:~# apt-get install mysql-client
root@Ice-***:~# apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev


E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
解決辦法:
1.$ sudo mv /var/lib/dpkg/info /var/lib/dpkg/info_old //現將info文件夾更名
2.$ sudo mkdir /var/lib/dpkg/info //再新建一個新的info文件夾
3.$ sudo apt-get update,

$ apt-get -f install //修復依賴樹
4.$ sudo mv /var/lib/dpkg/info/* /var/lib/dpkg/info_old //執行完上一步操作後會在新的info文件夾下生成一些文件,現將這些文件全部移到info_old文件夾下
5.$ sudo rm -rf /var/lib/dpkg/info //把自己新建的info文件夾刪掉
6.$ sudo mv /var/lib/dpkg/info_old /var/lib/dpkg/info //把以前的info文件夾重新改回名字

最後,如果是Ubuntu系統可能無法向表中插入漢字,無法從表中查詢漢字..

解決辦法:
關閉數據庫服務
service mysql stop
~$ sudo vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
在[mysqld]下添加一行character_set_server=utf8
配置文件選段:
[mysqld]
#
# * Basic Settings
#
user = mysql
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port = 3306
basedir = /usr
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir = /tmp
lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql
character_set_server=utf8 就是這一行,原來是沒有的,要手動添加!
skip-external-locking
#
將上述文件拷貝至/etc/mysql/my.cnf
~$ sudo cp /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf
重啟數據庫服務
~$ /etc/init.d/mysql restart
如果查看字符集能得到如下結果就說明成功了.
mysql> show variables like ‘collation_%‘;
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show variables like ‘character_set_%‘;
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

Java學習筆記——Linux下安裝配置MySQL