rocketmq安裝與基本操作
阿新 • • 發佈：2017-05-28
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如果不是因為政治原因，就rocketmq的社區活躍度、版本、特性和文檔完善度，我是無論如何也不會使用rocketmq的。
rocketmq嚴格意義上並不支持高可靠性，因為其持久化只支持異步，有另外一個線程flush，不支持配置同步刷新到磁盤。只能說多個節點宕機的概率很低很低，外加現在的服務器一般都是UPS。
rocketmq官方提供了一份與activemq，kafka的特性對比（但沒有包括與rabbitmq的比較）。引用如下：
| Messaging Product | Client SDK | Protocol and Specification | Order Message | Message Filter | Server Triggered Redelivery | Persistent Message | Retroactive Consumers | Message Priority | High Availability and Failover | Message Track | Configuration | Management and Operation Tools |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ActiveMQ | Java, .NET, C++ etc. | Push model, support OpenWire, STOMP, AMQP, MQTT, JMS | Exclusive Consumer or Exclusive Queues can ensure ordering | Supported | Not Supported | Supports very fast persistence using JDBC along with a high performance journal，such as levelDB, kahaDB | Supported | Supported | Supported, depending on storage,if using kahadb it requires a ZooKeeper server | Not Supported | The default configuration is low level, user need to optimize the configuration parameters | Supported |
| Kafka | Java, Scala etc. | Pull model, support TCP | Ensure ordering of messages within a partition | Supported, you can use Kafka Streams to filter messages | Not Supported | High performance file storage | Supported offset indicate | Not Supported | Supported, requires a ZooKeeper server | Not Supported | Kafka uses key-value pairs format for configuration. These values can be supplied either from a file or programmatically. | Supported, use terminal command to expose core metrics |
| RocketMQ | Java, .NET, C++ | Pull model, support TCP, JMS | Ensure strict ordering of messages, have no hot spot problem,and can scale out gracefully | Supported, you can even upload yourself custom-built filter code snippets | Supported | High performance and low latency file storage | Supported timestamp and offset 2 indicates | Not Supported | Supported, Master-Slave model, without another kit | Supported | Work out of box,user only need to pay attention to a few configurations | Supported, rich web and terminal command to expose core metrics |
rocketmq的整體架構如下：
集群本身沒有什麽特殊之處，唯一的差別就是阿裏啥都喜歡搞分布式，加了註冊中心的概念（說白了就是抄襲zookeeper理念）。所以，要使用rocketmq，至少需要啟動兩個進程，nameserver、broker，前者是各種topic註冊中心，後者是真正的broker。
從apache rocketmq官方http://rocketmq.apache.org/release_notes/release-notes-4.0.0-incubating/現在最新版本二進制，當前是4.0.0孵化版。
下載解壓後得到apache-rocketmq-all。
在啟動前，如果測試服務器配置較低，則應該修改啟動命令runserver.sh（mqnamesrv裏面調用）和runbroker.sh（mqbroker裏面調用），將Xmx和Xms、Xmn值註釋或者降低，否則可能會在啟動時報內存分配失敗。
首先啟動nameserver。
nohup sh bin/mqnamesrv &The Name Server boot success...
默認情況下，nameserver監聽的是9876端口。其次啟動broker。
nohup sh bin/mqbroker -n localhost:9876 &
The broker[%s, 172.30.30.233:10911] boot success...默認情況下，監聽的是10911端口。安裝rocket web console。
默認情況下，rocketmq沒有提供二進制監控控制臺，需要自己build，可從github下載maven源碼builder。為方便，筆者打包了一份，https://pan.baidu.com/s/1jIp6Age。放到tomcat下啟動後，如下：
下載後，只要更改WEB-INF\classes\config.properties中的rocketmq.namesrv.addr為nameserver地址即可。
停止的時候，順序相反，要先停止broker，其次停止nameserver。
sh bin/mqshutdown broker
The mqbroker(36695) is running...
Send shutdown request to mqbroker(36695) OKsh bin/mqshutdown namesrv
The mqnamesrv(36664) is running...
Send shutdown request to mqnamesrv(36664) OK
同其他應用服務器應用一樣，rocketmq也提供了一些命令行工具用於不需要通過編程API可以管理mq服務器本身，主命令是mqadmin，支持的子命令包括：
The most commonly used mqadmin commands are:
updateTopic Update or create topic
deleteTopic Delete topic from broker and NameServer.
updateSubGroup Update or create subscription group
deleteSubGroup Delete subscription group from broker.
updateBrokerConfig Update broker‘s config
updateTopicPerm Update topic perm
topicRoute Examine topic route info
topicStatus Examine topic Status info
topicClusterList get cluster info for topic
brokerStatus Fetch broker runtime status data
queryMsgById Query Message by Id
queryMsgByKey Query Message by Key
queryMsgByUniqueKey Query Message by Unique key
queryMsgByOffset Query Message by offset
queryMsgByUniqueKey Query Message by Unique key
printMsg Print Message Detail
sendMsgStatus send msg to broker.
brokerConsumeStats Fetch broker consume stats data
producerConnection Query producer‘s socket connection and client version
consumerConnection Query consumer‘s socket connection, client version and subscription
consumerProgress Query consumers‘s progress, speed
consumerStatus Query consumer‘s internal data structure
cloneGroupOffset clone offset from other group.
clusterList List all of clusters
topicList Fetch all topic list from name server
updateKvConfig Create or update KV config.
deleteKvConfig Delete KV config.
wipeWritePerm Wipe write perm of broker in all name server
resetOffsetByTime Reset consumer offset by timestamp(without client restart).
updateOrderConf Create or update or delete order conf
cleanExpiredCQ Clean expired ConsumeQueue on broker.
cleanUnusedTopic Clean unused topic on broker.
startMonitoring Start Monitoring
statsAll Topic and Consumer tps stats
syncDocs Synchronize wiki and issue to github.com
allocateMQ Allocate MQ
checkMsgSendRT check message send response time
clusterRT List All clusters Message Send RT
See ‘mqadmin help <command>‘ for more information on a specific command.
更多文檔可參考：http://rocketmq.apache.org/docs/quick-start/
rocketmq集群安裝可參考https://my.oschina.net/tantexian/blog/698109。rocketmq安裝與基本操作