字符設備驅動程序之poll機制
當應用程序調用poll時,會相應的調用內核空間的sys_poll
sys_poll
do_sys_poll
poll_initwait(&table)
void poll_initwait(struct poll_wqueues *pwq)
init_poll_funcptr(&pwq->pt, __pollwait);//下面這個函數為該函數的具體實現
static inline void init_poll_funcptr(poll_table *pt, poll_queue_proc qproc)
{
pt->qproc = qproc;//此時就相當於:pt->qproc = __pollwait,所以指針
//qproc就指向了函數__pollwait
}
//接下來看一下__pollwait的具體實現:
static void __pollwait(struct file *filp, wait_queue_head_t *wait_address,poll_table *p)
{
struct poll_table_entry *entry = poll_get_entry(p);
if (!entry)
return;
get_file(filp);
entry->filp = filp;
entry->wait_address = wait_address;
init_waitqueue_entry(&entry->wait, current);
add_wait_queue(wait_address, &entry->wait);
}
從上面的分析可知,poll_initwait(&table)函數只實現了將當前進程加入到wait_address隊列中
do_poll(nfds, head, &table, timeout),會進入一個死循環,在死循環裏調用了do_pollfd(pfd, pt)
do_pollfd(pfd, pt)
mask = file->f_op->poll(file, pwait);//unsigned int (*poll) (struct file *, struct poll_table_struct *);
在驅動程序中的file_operations結構體中,定義了.poll=fifth_drv_poll, 從而使得poll指針指向了函數fifth_drv_poll,
所以在執行poll函數時,實際上是調用了驅動程序中的fifth_drv_poll這個函數。在fifth_drv_poll這個函數中,會
調用poll_wait(file, &button_waitq, wait),看一下該函數的具體實現:
void poll_wait(struct file * filp, wait_queue_head_t * wait_address, poll_table *p)
{
if (p && wait_address)
p->qproc(filp, wait_address, p);//在上面已經分析過,p->qproc指向函數__pollwait。
因此這條語句相當於執行__pollwait(filp, wait_address, p),從上面的分析可以看出,將當前進程加入到
wait_address等待隊列中。
}
註意:在我們的驅動程序中會有一個返回值,假設為mask1.那麽此時mask=mask1,而mask又將返回給do_pollfd(pfd, pt)這個函數。內核中有這樣一段程序:
for(;;)
{
if (do_pollfd(pfd, pt)) {
count++;
pt = NULL;
}如果mask非零,count++,表示按鍵按下。
/*若count不為0或者超時或者有事件發生則會跳出死循環*/
if (count || !*timeout || signal_pending(current))
break;
/*若count為0且未超時且無事件發生則會休眠__timeout時間*/
schedule_timeout(__timeout);當休眠到timeout這段時間之後,還是沒有任何事件發生,會再次進入循環中
,當到達if (count || !*timeout || signal_pending(current))時,會跳出循環。
}
應用程序:
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <poll.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
int fd;
void my_signal_fun(int signum)
{
unsigned char key_val;
read(fd, &key_val, 1);
printf("key_val: 0x%x\n", key_val);
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
unsigned char key_val;
int ret;
int Oflags;
signal(SIGIO, my_signal_fun);
fd = open("/dev/buttons", O_RDWR);
if (fd < 0)
{
printf("can‘t open!\n");
}
fcntl(fd, F_SETOWN, getpid());
Oflags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL);
fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, Oflags | FASYNC);
while (1)
{
sleep(1000);
}
return 0;
}
驅動程序:
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/irq.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/irq.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/arch/regs-gpio.h>
#include <asm/hardware.h>
#include <linux/poll.h>
static struct class *fifthdrv_class;
static struct class_device *fifthdrv_class_dev;
volatile unsigned long *gpfcon;
volatile unsigned long *gpfdat;
volatile unsigned long *gpgcon;
volatile unsigned long *gpgdat;
static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(button_waitq);
/* 中斷事件標誌, 中斷服務程序將它置1,fifth_drv_read將它清0 */
static volatile int ev_press = 0;
static struct fasync_struct *button_async;
struct pin_desc{
unsigned int pin;
unsigned int key_val;
};
/* 鍵值: 按下時, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04 */
/* 鍵值: 松開時, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84 */
static unsigned char key_val;
struct pin_desc pins_desc[4] = {
{S3C2410_GPF0, 0x01},
{S3C2410_GPF2, 0x02},
{S3C2410_GPG3, 0x03},
{S3C2410_GPG11, 0x04},
};
/*
* 確定按鍵值
*/
static irqreturn_t buttons_irq(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
struct pin_desc * pindesc = (struct pin_desc *)dev_id;
unsigned int pinval;
pinval = s3c2410_gpio_getpin(pindesc->pin);
if (pinval)
{
/* 松開 */
key_val = 0x80 | pindesc->key_val;
}
else
{
/* 按下 */
key_val = pindesc->key_val;
}
ev_press = 1; /* 表示中斷發生了 */
wake_up_interruptible(&button_waitq); /* 喚醒休眠的進程 */
kill_fasync (&button_async, SIGIO, POLL_IN);
return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED);
}
static int fifth_drv_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
/* 配置GPF0,2為輸入引腳 */
/* 配置GPG3,11為輸入引腳 */
request_irq(IRQ_EINT0, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S2", &pins_desc[0]);
request_irq(IRQ_EINT2, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S3", &pins_desc[1]);
request_irq(IRQ_EINT11, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S4", &pins_desc[2]);
request_irq(IRQ_EINT19, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S5", &pins_desc[3]);
return 0;
}
ssize_t fifth_drv_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
if (size != 1)
return -EINVAL;
/* 如果沒有按鍵動作, 休眠 */
wait_event_interruptible(button_waitq, ev_press);
/* 如果有按鍵動作, 返回鍵值 */
copy_to_user(buf, &key_val, 1);
ev_press = 0;
return 1;
}
int fifth_drv_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
free_irq(IRQ_EINT0, &pins_desc[0]);
free_irq(IRQ_EINT2, &pins_desc[1]);
free_irq(IRQ_EINT11, &pins_desc[2]);
free_irq(IRQ_EINT19, &pins_desc[3]);
return 0;
}
static unsigned fifth_drv_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
{
unsigned int mask = 0;
poll_wait(file, &button_waitq, wait); // 不會立即休眠
if (ev_press)
mask |= POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;
return mask;
}
static int fifth_drv_fasync (int fd, struct file *filp, int on)
{
printk("driver: fifth_drv_fasync\n");
return fasync_helper (fd, filp, on, &button_async);
}
static struct file_operations sencod_drv_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE, /* 這是一個宏,推向編譯模塊時自動創建的__this_module變量 */
.open = fifth_drv_open,
.read = fifth_drv_read,
.release = fifth_drv_close,
.poll = fifth_drv_poll,
.fasync = fifth_drv_fasync,
};
int major;
static int fifth_drv_init(void)
{
major = register_chrdev(0, "fifth_drv", &sencod_drv_fops);
fifthdrv_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "fifth_drv");
fifthdrv_class_dev = class_device_create(fifthdrv_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "buttons"); /* /dev/buttons */
gpfcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000050, 16);
gpfdat = gpfcon + 1;
gpgcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000060, 16);
gpgdat = gpgcon + 1;
return 0;
}
static void fifth_drv_exit(void)
{
unregister_chrdev(major, "fifth_drv");
class_device_unregister(fifthdrv_class_dev);
class_destroy(fifthdrv_class);
iounmap(gpfcon);
iounmap(gpgcon);
return 0;
}
module_init(fifth_drv_init);
module_exit(fifth_drv_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
字符設備驅動程序之poll機制