MySQL DML操作--------CURD最佳實戰
阿新 • • 發佈:2017-07-01
mysql dba curd
1. 背景
* CURD 操作通常是使用關系型數據庫系統中的結構化查詢語言(Structured Query Language,SQL)完成的
* CURD 定義了用於處理數據的基本原子操作
* CURD 代表創建(Create)、更新(Update)、讀取(Retrieve)和刪除(Delete)操作。
2. 創建表操作
* 創建數據庫(DB) mytest
CHARACTER SET: 設置字符集
mysql> CREATE DATABASE mytest CHARACTER SET utf8mb4; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
* 在數據庫中創建表(table)
ENGINE=INNODB 指定Innodb 存儲引擎
CHARSET=utf8mb4 設置表字符集
mysql> CREATE TABLE users( -> id BIGINT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, -> name VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL, -> sex ENUM(‘M‘, ‘F‘) NOT NULL, -> age INT NOT NULL -> )ENGINE=INNODB CHARSET=utf8mb4; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
3. 插入數據操作
* select 插入單條數據
mysql> INSERT INTO users SELECT NULL, ‘tom‘, ‘M‘, 29; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> select * from users; +----+------+-----+-----+ | id | name | sex | age | +----+------+-----+-----+ | 1 | tom | M | 29 | +----+------+-----+-----+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
* values 插入單條數據
mysql> INSERT INTO users VALUES (NULL, ‘jak‘, ‘F‘, 33); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> select * from users; +----+------+-----+-----+ | id | name | sex | age | +----+------+-----+-----+ | 1 | tom | M | 29 | | 2 | jak | F | 33 | +----+------+-----+-----+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
* select 指定列插入 [ id列會自增 ]
mysql> INSERT INTO users(name, sex, age) SELECT ‘sea‘, ‘M‘, ‘26‘; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> select * from users; +----+------+-----+-----+ | id | name | sex | age | +----+------+-----+-----+ | 1 | tom | M | 29 | | 2 | jak | F | 33 | | 3 | sea | M | 26 | +----+------+-----+-----+ 3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
* values 指定列插入
mysql> INSERT INTO users(name, sex, age) VALUES (‘hai‘, ‘F‘, ‘18‘); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) mysql> select * from users; +----+------+-----+-----+ | id | name | sex | age | +----+------+-----+-----+ | 1 | tom | M | 29 | | 2 | jak | F | 33 | | 3 | sea | M | 26 | | 4 | hai | F | 18 | +----+------+-----+-----+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
* values 插入多條數據
mysql> INSERT INTO users VALUES (null, ‘test1‘, ‘F‘, 23), (null, ‘test2‘, ‘M‘, 34); Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec) Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> select * from users; +----+-------+-----+-----+ | id | name | sex | age | +----+-------+-----+-----+ | 1 | tom | M | 29 | | 2 | jak | F | 33 | | 3 | sea | M | 26 | | 4 | hai | F | 18 | | 5 | test1 | F | 23 | | 6 | test2 | M | 34 | +----+-------+-----+-----+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
* values 指定列插入多條數據
mysql> INSERT INTO users(name, sex, age) VALUES (‘user1‘, ‘F‘, 23), (‘user2‘, ‘M‘, 34); Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec) Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> select * from users; +----+-------+-----+-----+ | id | name | sex | age | +----+-------+-----+-----+ | 1 | tom | M | 29 | | 2 | jak | F | 33 | | 3 | sea | M | 26 | | 4 | hai | F | 18 | | 5 | test1 | F | 23 | | 6 | test2 | M | 34 | | 7 | user1 | F | 23 | | 8 | user2 | M | 34 | +----+-------+-----+-----+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
4. 修改數據操作
update <table_name>
set column = val, ....
where 條件語句 (沒有寫條件語句會修改表中所有數據)
* 一次修改單列數據操作
mysql> select * from users where id = 1; +----+------+-----+-----+ | id | name | sex | age | +----+------+-----+-----+ | 1 | tom | M | 29 | +----+------+-----+-----+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> UPDATE users set name=‘lisea‘ where id = 1; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> select * from users where id = 1; +----+-------+-----+-----+ | id | name | sex | age | +----+-------+-----+-----+ | 1 | lisea | M | 29 | +----+-------+-----+-----+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
* 一次修改多列數據操作
mysql> select * from users where id = 1; +----+-------+-----+-----+ | id | name | sex | age | +----+-------+-----+-----+ | 1 | lisea | M | 29 | +----+-------+-----+-----+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec) mysql> UPDATE users set sex=‘F‘,age=33 where id = 1; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> select * from users where id = 1; +----+-------+-----+-----+ | id | name | sex | age | +----+-------+-----+-----+ | 1 | lisea | F | 33 | +----+-------+-----+-----+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
5. 刪除數據操作
delete from <table_name>
where 條件語句 [ 沒有寫條件語句會修改表中所有數據 ]
mysql> select * from users; +----+-------+-----+-----+ | id | name | sex | age | +----+-------+-----+-----+ | 1 | lisea | F | 33 | | 2 | jak | F | 33 | | 3 | sea | M | 26 | | 4 | hai | F | 18 | | 5 | test1 | F | 23 | | 6 | test2 | M | 34 | | 7 | user1 | F | 23 | | 8 | user2 | M | 34 | +----+-------+-----+-----+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> DELETE FROM users WHERE id = 1; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) mysql> select * from users; +----+-------+-----+-----+ | id | name | sex | age | +----+-------+-----+-----+ | 2 | jak | F | 33 | | 3 | sea | M | 26 | | 4 | hai | F | 18 | | 5 | test1 | F | 23 | | 6 | test2 | M | 34 | | 7 | user1 | F | 23 | | 8 | user2 | M | 34 | +----+-------+-----+-----+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> DELETE FROM users WHERE id in (2, 4); Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> select * from users; +----+-------+-----+-----+ | id | name | sex | age | +----+-------+-----+-----+ | 3 | sea | M | 26 | | 5 | test1 | F | 23 | | 6 | test2 | M | 34 | | 7 | user1 | F | 23 | | 8 | user2 | M | 34 | +----+-------+-----+-----+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> DELETE FROM users WHERE id >= 7; Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> select * from users; +----+-------+-----+-----+ | id | name | sex | age | +----+-------+-----+-----+ | 3 | sea | M | 26 | | 5 | test1 | F | 23 | | 6 | test2 | M | 34 | +----+-------+-----+-----+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
6. 總結
以需求驅動技術,技術本身沒有優略之分,只有業務之分。
本文出自 “sea” 博客,請務必保留此出處http://lisea.blog.51cto.com/5491873/1943701
MySQL DML操作--------CURD最佳實戰