yum 安裝 MySQL
阿新 • • 發佈：2017-07-19
mysql
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Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5
Package : mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch (@/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch)
From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 1/6
Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 2/6
Installing : mysql-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 3/6
Installing : mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 4/6
Installing : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 5/6
Erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 6/6
Verifying : mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 1/6
Verifying : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 2/6
Verifying : mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 3/6
Verifying : mysql-community-libs-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 4/6
Verifying : mysql-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 5/6
Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 6/6
Installed:
mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7
Dependency Installed:
mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7
Replaced:
mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos
Complete!
[[email protected] ~]# clear1 查看Linux發行版本
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)
2 下載MySQL官方的Yum Repository
根據Linux發行版本（CentOS、Fedora都屬於紅帽系），從mysql官方（http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/）獲取Yum Repository。
[[email protected] ~]# wget -i http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm --2016-02-03 18:36:02-- http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm Resolving dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)... 137.254.60.11 Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found Location: http://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm [following] --2016-02-03 18:36:04-- http://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 104.102.164.25 Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|104.102.164.25|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 8984 (8.8K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager] Saving to: ‘mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm’ 100%[=============================================================================================================================>] 8,984 --.-K/s in 0s 2016-02-03 18:36:07 (68.4 MB/s) - ‘mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm’ saved [8984/8984]
3 安裝MySQL的Yum Repository
安裝完MySQL的Yum Repository，每次執行yum update都會檢查MySQL是否更新。
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm Loaded plugins: axelget, fastestmirror, langpacks Examining mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm: mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch Marking mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm to be installed Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql57-community-release.noarch 0:el7-7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ======================================================================================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ======================================================================================================================================================================= Installing: mysql57-community-release noarch el7-7 /mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch 7.8 k Transaction Summary ======================================================================================================================================================================= Install 1 Package Total size: 7.8 k Installed size: 7.8 k Downloading packages: Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch 1/1 Verifying : mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch 1/1 Installed: mysql57-community-release.noarch 0:el7-7 Complete!
3 安裝MySQL數據庫的服務器版本
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
Loaded plugins: axelget, fastestmirror, langpacks
No metadata available for base
No metadata available for epel
No metadata available for extras
repomd.xml | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
update mysql-connectors-community metadata successfully
repomd.xml | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
update mysql-tools-community metadata successfully
repomd.xml | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
update mysql57-community metadata successfully
No metadata available for updates
mysql-connectors-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
mysql-tools-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
mysql57-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
(1/3): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db | 24 kB 00:00:01
(2/3): mysql57-community/x86_64/primary_db | 28 kB 00:00:01
(3/3): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db | 8.6 kB 00:00:02
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* epel: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.7.10-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) = 5.7.10-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) = 5.7.10-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos will be obsoleted
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 will be obsoleting
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 will be obsoleting
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=======================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=======================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.7.10-1.el7 mysql57-community 2.2 M
replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos
mysql-community-libs-compat x86_64 5.7.10-1.el7 mysql57-community 2.0 M
replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos
mysql-community-server x86_64 5.7.10-1.el7 mysql57-community 142 M
Installing for dependencies:
mysql-community-client x86_64 5.7.10-1.el7 mysql57-community 24 M
mysql-community-common x86_64 5.7.10-1.el7 mysql57-community 269 k
Transaction Summary
=======================================================================================================================================================================
Install 3 Packages (+2 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 171 M
Downloading packages:
mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 142 MB 00:03:42
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.0 MB 00:00:03
mysql-community-libs-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.2 MB 00:00:05
mysql-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 24 MB 00:00:41
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql57-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY00 ETA
Public key for mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 269 kB 00:00:01
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5:
Userid : "MySQL Release Engineering <[email protected]最後的截圖：
4 啟動數據庫：
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start mysqld.service
然後使用命令systemctl status mysqld.service查看MySQL數據庫啟動後的服務狀態：
5 獲取初始密碼
使用YUM安裝並啟動MySQL服務後，MySQL進程會自動在進程日誌中打印root用戶的初始密碼：
#######從mysql進程日誌中獲取root用戶的初始密碼：ra%yk7urCBIh [[email protected] ~]# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log 2016-02-03T10:42:17.272166Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for [email protected]: ra%yk7urCBIh 2016-02-03T10:42:36.776875Z 2 [Note] Access denied for user [email protected] (using password: NO) 2016-02-03T10:42:52.063138Z 3 [Note] Access denied for user [email protected] (using password: NO) 2016-02-03T10:42:57.564373Z 4 [Note] Access denied for user [email protected] (using password: NO) 2016-02-03T10:43:01.477007Z 5 [Note] Access denied for user [email protected] (using password: NO) 2016-02-03T10:46:03.642008Z 6 [Note] Access denied for user [email protected] (using password: NO) 2016-02-03T10:46:11.217889Z 7 [Note] Access denied for user [email protected] (using password: NO) 2016-02-03T10:47:44.755199Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘validate_password‘ 2016-02-03T10:47:46.505844Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘sha256_password‘ 2016-02-03T10:47:46.505851Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘mysql_native_password‘
6 修改root用戶密碼
使用小節5中獲取的root用戶的初始密碼，然後進行修改：
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: #######輸入默認的root密碼後回車 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.7.10 Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. mysql> ALTER USER [email protected] IDENTIFIED BY ‘new password‘; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> exit Bye
7 安裝完畢
至此，使用在CentOS7中使用YUM方法安裝MySQL5.7.10數據庫完畢。如下所示，可以使用新的root密碼登陸MySQL了。
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -ppassword mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.7.10 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. mysql> use mysql; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> clear mysql> exit Bye [[email protected] ~]# clear
附錄1：查看MySQL數據庫的配置信息
MySQL的配置文件依然是/etc/my.cnf，其它安裝信息可以通過mysql_config命令查看。其中，動態庫文件存放在/usr/lib64/mysql目錄下。
附錄2：對於C/C++等開發者
由於需要用到類似mysql.h等頭文件，需要執行下面的命令安裝mysql開發版本即可。
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-devel
附錄3：刪除MySQL的Repository
因為小節3中安裝了MySQL的Yum Repository，所以以後每次執行yum操作時，都會去檢查更新。如果想要去掉這種自動檢查操作的話，可以使用如下命令卸載MySQL的Repository即可。
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y remove mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch
update 2017.04.10 11:10
使用上面的yum方法也可以安裝目前mysql官網上最新的版本mysql5.7.18。只要替換小節2中rmp包的版本即可，後續操作步驟不變。
wget -i -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
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yum 安裝 MySQL