Linux 12C DG安裝文檔
1.查看主機和數據庫信息
$ sqlplus / as sysdba
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
SQL>
SQL> select * from v$version;
BANNER CON_ID
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production 0
PL/SQL Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production 0
CORE 12.1.0.2.0 Production 0
TNS for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production 0
NLSRTL Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production 0
SQL> set linesize 140
set pagesize 999
col name for a25
col value for a60
select name,value from v$parameter where name like ‘%dump%‘;
NAME VALUE
------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------
shadow_core_dump partial
background_core_dump partial
background_dump_dest /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/log
user_dump_dest /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/log
core_dump_dest /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/g_xshis/gxshis1/cdump
max_dump_file_size unlimited
6 rows selected.
SQL> col value for a60
select name,value from v$parameter where name like ‘%pfile%‘;
NAME VALUE
------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------
spfile +DATA/g_xshis/parameterfile/spfilegxshis.ora
SQL> col name for a50
select name from v$controlfile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------
+DATA/G_XSHIS/CONTROLFILE/current.261.922142579
+FLASH/G_XSHIS/CONTROLFILE/current.256.922142579
SQL> col member for a50
select member from v$logfile;
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------
+DATA/G_XSHIS/ONLINELOG/group_2.347.927043957
+FLASH/G_XSHIS/ONLINELOG/group_2.4021.927043957
+DATA/G_XSHIS/ONLINELOG/group_1.346.927043955
+FLASH/G_XSHIS/ONLINELOG/group_1.259.927043955
+DATA/G_XSHIS/ONLINELOG/group_3.348.927043957
+FLASH/G_XSHIS/ONLINELOG/group_3.258.927043957
+DATA/G_XSHIS/ONLINELOG/group_4.267.927043957
+FLASH/G_XSHIS/ONLINELOG/group_4.260.927043957
+DATA/G_XSHIS/ONLINELOG/group_5.349.927576115
+DATA/G_XSHIS/ONLINELOG/group_6.350.927576115
+DATA/G_XSHIS/ONLINELOG/group_7.351.927576115
+DATA/G_XSHIS/ONLINELOG/group_8.352.927576123
+DATA/G_XSHIS/ONLINELOG/group_9.353.927576123
+DATA/G_XSHIS/ONLINELOG/group_10.354.927576123
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
+DATA/G_XSHIS/DATAFILE/system.258.922142465
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_acct.dbf
+DATA/G_XSHIS/DATAFILE/sysaux.257.922142419
+DATA/G_XSHIS/DATAFILE/undotbs1.260.922142521
+DATA/G_XSHIS/DATAFILE/undotbs2.265.922142785
+DATA/G_XSHIS/DATAFILE/users.259.922142519
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_bldbank.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_clinpath.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_comm.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_cpr.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_healthcare.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_hisuser.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_infect.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_inpadm.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_inpbill.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_inquire.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_insurance.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_interface.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_lab.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_medadm.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_medrec.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_mobile.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_nursing.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_ordadm.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_outpadm.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_outpbill.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_outpdoct.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_pharmacy.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_phyexam.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_report.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_surgery.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_tj.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_tjhisrpt.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_wsyy.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_exam.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_equipment.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_econstat.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_others.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_emr.dbf
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_nsm.dbf
+DATA/G_XSHIS/DATAFILE/tsp_clinicpath.331.925047179
41 rows selected.
SQL> select name from v$tempfile;
NAME
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/G_XSHIS/TEMPFILE/temp.264.922142585
+DATA/g_xshis/tablespaces/tsp_tmp.dbf
SQL> select * from nls_database_parameters where parameter=‘NLS_CHARACTERSET‘;
PARAMETER VALUE
------------------ ------------------------------------------
NLS_CHARACTERSET ZHS16GBK
$ echo $ORACLE_BASE
/oracle/app/oracle
$ echo $ORACLE_HOME
/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
2.準備工作
實施前需要準備事情：災備端安裝好數據庫軟件，為避免不必要的麻煩，軟件目錄和數據文件目錄結構與主庫的一致。如果兩端的數據文件結構不一致，則需要重啟數據庫。
修改主備庫/etc/hosts文件。
3.確定主庫處於歸檔模式
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination +DATA
Oldest online log sequence 2314
Next log sequence to archive 2315
Current log sequence 2315
如果處於非歸檔模式需要修改為歸檔模式。
4.修改主庫為強日誌模式
SQL> select force_logging from v$database;
FOR
---
NO
經檢查不是強日誌模式，先修改為強日誌模式，命令如下：
SQL> alter database force logging;
5.備庫創建相同的目錄結構
步驟省略，參考前面輸出內容創建
6.主備份庫修改參數
主庫修改參數
SQL>
alter system set standby_file_management=auto scope=both sid=‘*‘;
alter system set fal_server=g_xshis scope=both sid=‘*‘;
alter system set log_archive_config=‘dg_config=(g_xshis,standby)‘ scope=both sid=‘*‘;
alter system set log_archive_dest_1=‘location=+DATA valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=g_xshis‘ sid=‘*‘;
alter system set log_archive_dest_2=‘service=standby lgwr async COMPRESSION=ENABLE valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=standby‘ scope=both;
alter system set log_file_name_convert=‘+DATA/standby‘,‘+DATA/g_xshis‘ scope=spfile sid=‘*‘;
註意：上面的設置默認主庫和備庫兩邊的數據文件和日誌文件兩端一致，如果不一致則需要修改參數db_file_name_convert 、log_file_name_convert，轉換兩邊的目錄，並且修改這兩個參數需要重啟數據庫。
7.配置tnsnames.ora
orcl =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.28.42)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.28.43)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = g_xshis)
)
)
STANDBY =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.28.52)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.28.53)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = standby)
)
)
8.傳送參數文件和密碼文件至備庫
9.主庫使用RMAN備份
RMAN> run{
allocate channel ch1 type disk;
allocate channel ch2 type disk;
backup database format ‘/data/backup/dbf_%d_%T_%s_%p‘;
sql ‘alter system archive log current‘;
backup archivelog all format ‘/data/backup/arc_%d_%T_%s_%p‘ delete input;
backup current controlfile for standby format ‘/data/backup/control01.ctl‘;
}
傳送備份文件至備庫。
10.啟動備庫至nomount狀態
SQL> startup nomount;
修改DB_UNIQUE_NAME
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_UNIQUE_NAME= standby scope=spfile;
註意：主備庫兩邊的db_name必須一致，db_unique_name必須不一致。
重新啟動，使參數生效：
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup nomount;
11.恢復控制文件
RMAN> restore standby controlfile from ‘/data/backup/control01.ctl‘;
12.啟動備庫至mount狀態
RMAN> alter database mount;
13.恢復備庫
RMAN> restore database;
RMAN> restore archivelog all;
RMAN> recover database;
14.添加standby logfiles
檢查當前環境logfile
SQL> set lines 200 pages 300
col member for a60
select a.thread#,a.group#,b.member,b.type,a.bytes/1024/1024 MB from v$log a,v$logfile b where a.group#=b.group#
union all
select a.thread#,a.group#,b.member,b.type,a.bytes/1024/1024 MB from v$standby_log a,v$logfile b where a.group#=b.group#;
THREAD#GROUP# MEMBER TYPE MB
------------------------------------------------------------ -------
1 3 /data/orcl/redo03.log ONLINE 50
1 2 /data/orcl/redo02.log ONLINE 50
1 1 /data/orcl/redo01.log ONLINE 50
SQL> alter database add standby logfile
group 4 ‘ +DATA‘ size 50M,
group 5 ‘ +DATA‘ size 50M,
group 6 ‘ +DATA‘ size 50M,
group 7 ‘ +DATA‘ size 50M;
15.在主庫恢復打開
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2=‘ service=standby lgwr async COMPRESSION=ENABLE valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=standby‘ scope=both;
註意:檢查log_archive_dest_state_1和log_archive_dest_state_2 參數是否設置為enable ,如果沒有設置為enable ,切換的時候可能會出問題.
16.在備庫打開
備庫修改參數
alter system set log_archive_dest_1=‘location=+DATA valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=standby‘ sid=‘*‘;
SQL> alter database open read only;
recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect;
17.在主庫上切歸檔
SQL> alter system archive log current;
SQL> alter system archive log current;
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /data/arch
Oldest online log sequence 32
Next log sequence to archive 34
Current log sequence 34
18.檢查備庫alert日誌
$ tail -n 9 /u01/app/oracle/admin/laugh/bdump/alert_laugh.log
Tue Sep 15 19:04:50 2015
RFS[1]: No standby redo logfiles created
RFS[1]: Archived Log: ‘/oradata/arch/1_32_885635743.dbf‘
RFS[1]: No standby redo logfiles created
RFS[1]: Archived Log: ‘/oradata/arch/1_33_885635743.dbf‘
Tue Sep 15 19:04:53 2015
Media Recovery Log /oradata/arch/1_32_885635743.dbf
Media Recovery Log /oradata/arch/1_33_885635743.dbf
Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 34
說明已經搭建成功。
Linux 12C DG安裝文檔