轉自：http://blog.csdn.net/jeamking/article/details/43982435

前段時間對Spring的事務配置做了比較深入的研究，在此之間對Spring的事務配置雖說也配置過，但是一直沒有一個清楚的認識。通過這次的學習發覺Spring的事務配置只要把思路理清，還是比較好掌握的。

總結如下：

Spring配置文件中關於事務配置總是由三個組成部分，分別是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理機制這三部分，無論哪種配置方式，一般變化的只是代理機制這部分。

DataSource、TransactionManager這兩部分只是會根據數據訪問方式有所變化，比如使用Hibernate進行數據訪問時，DataSource實際為SessionFactory，TransactionManager的實現為HibernateTransactionManager。

具體如下圖：

根據代理機制的不同，總結了五種Spring事務的配置方式，配置文件如下：

第一種方式：每個Bean都有一個代理

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
3. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
4. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
5. xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
6. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
7. http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
8. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
9. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
10. http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
12. <bean id="sessionFactory"
13. class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
14. <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
15. <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
16. </bean>
18. <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->
19. <bean id="transactionManager"
20. class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
21. <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
22. </bean>
24. <!-- 配置DAO -->
25. <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
26. <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
27. </bean>
29. <bean id="userDao"
30. class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
31. <!-- 配置事務管理器 -->
32. <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
33. <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />
34. <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />
35. <!-- 配置事務屬性 -->
36. <property name="transactionAttributes">
37. <props>
38. <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
39. </props>
40. </property>
41. </bean>
42. </beans>

第二種方式：所有Bean共享一個代理基類

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
3. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
4. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
5. xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
6. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
7. http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
8. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
9. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
10. http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
12. <bean id="sessionFactory"
13. class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
14. <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
15. <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
16. </bean>
18. <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->
19. <bean id="transactionManager"
20. class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
21. <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
22. </bean>
24. <bean id="transactionBase"
25. class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
26. lazy-init="true" abstract="true">
27. <!-- 配置事務管理器 -->
28. <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
29. <!-- 配置事務屬性 -->
30. <property name="transactionAttributes">
31. <props>
32. <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
33. </props>
34. </property>
35. </bean>
37. <!-- 配置DAO -->
38. <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
39. <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
40. </bean>
42. <bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >
43. <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />
44. </bean>
45. </beans>

第三種方式：使用攔截器

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
3. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
4. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
5. xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
6. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
7. http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
8. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
9. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
10. http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
12. <bean id="sessionFactory"
13. class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
14. <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
15. <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
16. </bean>
18. <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->
19. <bean id="transactionManager"
20. class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
21. <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
22. </bean>
24. <bean id="transactionInterceptor"
25. class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">
26. <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
27. <!-- 配置事務屬性 -->
28. <property name="transactionAttributes">
29. <props>
30. <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
31. </props>
32. </property>
33. </bean>
35. <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">
36. <property name="beanNames">
37. <list>
38. <value>*Dao</value>
39. </list>
40. </property>
41. <property name="interceptorNames">
42. <list>
43. <value>transactionInterceptor</value>
44. </list>
45. </property>
46. </bean>
48. <!-- 配置DAO -->
49. <bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
50. <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
51. </bean>
52. </beans>

第四種方式：使用tx標簽配置的攔截器

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
3. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
4. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
5. xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
6. xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
7. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
8. http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
9. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
10. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
11. http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
12. http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
14. <context:annotation-config />
15. <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />
17. <bean id="sessionFactory"
18. class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
19. <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
20. <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
21. </bean>
23. <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->
24. <bean id="transactionManager"
25. class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
26. <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
27. </bean>
29. <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
30. <tx:attributes>
31. <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
32. </tx:attributes>
33. </tx:advice>
35. <aop:config>
36. <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"
37. expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />
38. <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"
39. pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />
40. </aop:config>
41. </beans>

第五種方式：全註解

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
3. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
4. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
5. xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
6. xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
7. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
8. http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
9. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
10. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
11. http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
12. http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
14. <context:annotation-config />
15. <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />
17. <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
19. <bean id="sessionFactory"
20. class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
21. <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
22. <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
23. </bean>
25. <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->
26. <bean id="transactionManager"
27. class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
28. <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
29. </bean>
31. </beans>

此時在DAO上需加上@Transactional註解，如下

1. package com.bluesky.spring.dao;
3. import java.util.List;
5. import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
6. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
7. import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
8. import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
10. import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;
12. @Transactional
13. @Component("userDao")
14. public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {
16. public List<User> listUsers() {
17. return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();
18. }
21. }

（轉）spring事務管理幾種方式