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keepalived安裝與配置,組建高可用服務器

eight 如何 .org keep 局域網 yum 從服務器 改變 -1

一、準備環境

  linux系統:CentOS7

  keepalived版本:keepalived-1.3.5.tar.gz

  keepalived下載地址:http://www.keepalived.org/download.html

  在CentOS7系統中安裝keepalived(主、從服務器都要安裝):

  1. 關閉CentOS7防火墻
  2. 關閉selinux策略
  3. 下載keepalived依賴包gcc、openssl

    yum install gcc

    yum install openssl-devel

二、安裝和配置keepalived(只對keepalived主程序配置,LVS則不進行配置)

  1. 將源碼keepalived-1.3.5.tar.gz文件解壓縮

    命令:[[email protected] keepalived]# tar zxvf keepalived-1.3.5.tar.gz

   2.進入keepalived-1.3.5文件夾,配置keepalived源文件並指定路徑。

    創建指定路徑:(此路徑隨意指定)

    [[email protected] keepalived-1.3.5]# mkdir /usr/local/keepalived

    配置源文件:

    [[email protected] keepalived-1.3.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

    (出現下圖表示配置源文件成功)

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    編譯keepalived:

    [[email protected] keepalived-1.3.5]# make

    安裝keepalived:

    [[email protected] keepalived-1.3.5]# make install

   3.keepalived啟動讀取配置文件的路徑為/etc/keepalived

    路徑創建命令:[[email protected] keepalived-1.3.5]# mkdir /etc/keepalived

    將/usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived下的keepalived.conf復制到/etc/keepalived路徑下

    復制命令:[[email protected] keepalived-1.3.5]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

   4.編輯/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf文件

    編輯命令:[[email protected] keepalived-1.3.5]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

    主服務器具體配置如下圖:

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   5.經過上述步驟主服務器配置已完成,從服務器只需更改keepalived.conf配置文件中的兩處即可其余與主服務器的配置信息一樣:

    state處改為 BACKUP

    priority處改為 50

   6.啟動keepalived服務:systemctl start keepalived.service

    重啟keepalived服務:systemctl restart keepalived.service

    停止keepalived服務:systemctl stop keepalived.service

    設置為開機自啟動:systemctl enable keepalived.service

    取消開機自啟動:systemctl disable keepalived.service

    查看錯誤日誌:cat /var/log/messages

    如何檢查keepalived正常運行:

    1) 查看keepalived三個進程是否都啟動,命令:ps aux | grep keepalived

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      Keepalived 正常運行時,共啟動 3 個進程,其中一個進程是父進程,負責監控其子進程;一個是 vrrp 子進程;另外一個是 checkers 子進程。

    2) 查看浮動ip是否綁定到網卡(下圖中IP已綁定到網卡,本機ip為192.168.1.9),命令:ip a 或 ip addr s

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    3) 在keepalived服務所在局域網中,ping浮動ip查看是否可以ping通

至此keepalived安裝配置已完成。

但有一個問題,正常情況下A(master)主服務器運行時浮動ip(vip)綁定在A服務器的網卡上,當A服務器宕機時,B(backup)從服務器自動接替工作浮動ip綁定到B服務器網卡上,若修復好A服務器從新上線,A服務器會搶占浮動ip,強制重新綁定到A服務器網卡上。

如何避免搶占浮動ip,A宕機時B接替工作,當A恢復上線時自動當從機,B繼續工作?

修改A(master)主服務的/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf文件中state的值為BACKUP,在參數中添加nopreempt命令,B服務器的配置文件不改變。

【這個配置只能設置在state為BACKUP的主機上,而且這個主機的priority必須比另外一臺高】

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keepalived安裝與配置,組建高可用服務器