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JavaWeb(二)cookie與session的應用

i++ ren ecc 根據 dom dbo thead .cn ram

前言

  前面講了一堆虛的東西,所以這篇我們來介紹一下cookie和session的應用。

一、使用cookie記住用戶名

1.1、思路介紹

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1.2、實現代碼

  1)LoginServlet

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package com.zyh.cookie;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); String userName
= ""; String checked = ""; //得到客戶端保存的cookie數據 Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies(); //因為第一次的時候沒有cookie,所以不謝cookies!=null的話,空指針異常的。 for (int i = 0; cookies!=null&&i < cookies.length; i++) { if("userName".equals(cookies[i].getName())){ userName
= cookies[i].getValue(); checked = "checked=‘checked‘"; } } out.print("<form action=‘"+request.getContextPath()+"/doLoginServlet‘ type=‘post‘>"); out.print("用戶名:<input type=‘text‘ name=‘userName‘ value=‘"+userName+"‘ /><br/>"); out.print("密碼:<input type=‘password‘ name=‘pwd‘ /><br/>"); out.print("記住用戶名:<input type=‘checkbox‘ name=‘remember‘ "+checked+" /><br/>"); out.print("<input type=‘submit‘ value=‘提交‘ /><br/>"); out.print("</form>"); } public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { } }
LoginServlet

  2)DoLoginServlet 

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package com.zyh.cookie;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class DoLoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
    
    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        //獲取表單數據
        String userName = request.getParameter("userName");
        String pwd = request.getParameter("pwd");
        String remember = request.getParameter("remember");
        
        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("userName", userName);
        //處理業務邏輯
        if("faker".equals(userName)&&"123".equals(pwd)){
            if(remember!=null){//註意:如果text、password不填為空,而checkbox不填則為null值
                cookie.setPath("/");
                cookie.setMaxAge(Integer.MAX_VALUE); //設置cookie有效保存時間
            }else{
                cookie.setMaxAge(0); //刪除cookie
            }
            response.addCookie(cookie); //將cookie寫會客戶端
            out.print("登錄成功");
        }else{
            out.print("登錄失敗");
            //設置2秒鐘重新登錄
            response.setHeader("refresh", "2;url="+request.getContextPath()+"/loginServlet");
        }
        //分發轉向
        
    }
    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
            
    }

}
DoLoginServlet

1.3、測試

  1)訪問:http://localhost:8080/Web_cookieandsession/loginServlet

    輸入faker、123,並且記住用戶名

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  2)結果

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  3)因為我的cookie的有效時間設置的是永久,假如我們是過了幾天再次去訪問

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二、使用cookie顯示上次瀏覽商品

2.1、思路分析

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  實現過程

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2.2、實現代碼

  1)創建一個Book實體類 

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package com.zyh.domain;

public class Book {
    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String price;
    private String author;
    
    public Book(String id, String name, String price, String author) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.price = price;
        this.author = author;
    }
    
    

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getPrice() {
        return price;
    }
    public void setPrice(String price) {
        this.price = price;
    }
    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }
    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", price=" + price
                + ", author=" + author + "]";
    }
    
}
Book

  2)創建一個工具類用於保存所有圖書:DBUtil

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package com.zyh.util;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import com.zyh.domain.Book;

public class DBUtil {
    private static Map<String,Book> books = new HashMap<String, Book>();
    
    static{
        books.put("1,",new Book("1","揭秘Spring","30","張總工"));
        books.put("2,",new Book("2","HTTP權威指南","70","劉成龍"));
        books.put("3,",new Book("3","java核心基礎","20","馬成功"));
        books.put("4,",new Book("4","linux私房菜","66","鳥叔"));
        books.put("5,",new Book("5","javaweb入門","30","傑克"));
    }
    
    //得到所有書
    public static Map<String,Book> getBooks(){
        return books;
    }
    
    /**
     * 根據id查找指定的書
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    public static Book findBookById(String id){
        return books.get(id);
    }

}
DBUtil

  3)ShowAllBooksServlet

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package com.zyh.history;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.zyh.domain.Book;
import com.zyh.util.DBUtil;

public class ShowAllBooksServlet extends HttpServlet {

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        out.println("本網站的書有:<br />");
        Map<String, Book> books = DBUtil.getBooks();
        for (Map.Entry<String, Book> book : books.entrySet()) {
            out.write("<a href=‘"+request.getContextPath()+"/showBookDetail?id="+book.getKey()+"‘ target=‘_blank‘>"+book.getValue().getName()+"</a><br />");
        }
        
        out.println("<hr/>您最近瀏覽過的書有:<br />");
        Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
        for(int i=0;cookies!=null&&i<cookies.length;i++){
            if("historyBookId".equals(cookies[i].getName())){
                String value = cookies[i].getValue(); //2-1-3
                String[]  ids = value.split("-");
                for(int j = 0;j<ids.length;j++){
                    Book book = DBUtil.findBookById(ids[j]); //根據id得到指定的書
                    out.print(book.getName()+"<br />");
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

}
ShowAllBooksServlet

  4)ShowBookDetail

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package com.zyh.history;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.LinkedList;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.zyh.domain.Book;
import com.zyh.util.DBUtil;

public class ShowBookDetail extends HttpServlet {

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        //顯示圖書詳細信息 

        //獲取id
        String id = request.getParameter("id");
        Book book = DBUtil.findBookById(id);
        
        //out.write(book.toString());
        out.print(book);
        
        //把當前瀏覽過的書的id寫回到客戶端
        String historyBookId = organizedId(id,request);
        Cookie ck = new Cookie("historyBookId",historyBookId);
        ck.setPath("/");
        ck.setMaxAge(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
        
        response.addCookie(ck);
        
        
    
    }

    private String organizedId(String id, HttpServletRequest request) {
        //獲取客戶端的cookie
        Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
        
        if(cookies==null){
            return id;
        }
        
        //查找有沒有一個name叫historyBookId的cookie
        Cookie historyBook = null;
        for (int i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) {
            if("historyBookId".equals(cookies[i].getName())){
                historyBook = cookies[i];
            }
        }
        
        //如果沒有一個historyBookId的cookie,則返回id
        if(historyBook==null){
            return id;
        }
        
        String value = historyBook.getValue(); //1-2-3
        String[] values = value.split("-");
        LinkedList<String> list = new LinkedList<String>(Arrays.asList(values));
        
        if(list.size()<3){//1 2
            if(list.contains(id)){
                list.remove(id); //如果包含當前id的值,則刪除這個id
            }
        }else{//說明有三本書的id了
            list.removeLast(); //把最後一個id刪除
        }
        list.addFirst(id); //最新的書添加到最前面
        
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++){
            if(i>0){
                sb.append("-");
            }
            sb.append(list.get(i));
        }
//        System.out.println(sb);    //1-2-3
        return sb.toString();
    }

    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

}
ShowBookDetail

2.3、測試

  1)訪問:http://localhost:8080/Web_cookieandsession/showAllBooksServlet

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  2)點擊java核心基礎

    查看書的詳細信息:

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    刷新第一個網頁:

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    這裏最多就能顯示最近瀏覽過的3本書

三、session實現簡單的購物車功能

3.1、思路分析

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3.2、實現代碼

  1)需要前面寫的Book的實體類,和存儲書的工具類DBUtil

  2)ShowAllBooksSession

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package com.zyh.sessioncart;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.zyh.domain.Book;
import com.zyh.util.DBUtil;

public class ShowAllBooksSession extends HttpServlet {

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        
        out.print("本網站有以下好書:<br />");
        Map<String, Book> books = DBUtil.getBooks();
        for(Map.Entry<String, Book> book :books.entrySet()){
            out.print("<a href=‘"+request.getContextPath()+"/addCart?id="+book.getKey()+"‘>"+book.getValue().getName()+"</a><br />");
        }
        
        out.print("<a href=‘"+request.getContextPath()+"/showCart‘>查看購物車</a>");
    }

    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
    }

}
ShowAllBooksSession

  3)AddCart

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package com.zyh.sessioncart;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import com.zyh.domain.Book;
import com.zyh.util.DBUtil;

public class AddCart extends HttpServlet {

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        
        //根據id得到書
        String id = request.getParameter("id");
        Book book = DBUtil.findBookById(id);
        
        //得到session對象
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        
        //從session當中取出list(購物車)
        List<Book> list = (List<Book>) session.getAttribute("cart");
        if(list==null){
            list = new ArrayList<Book>();
        }
        list.add(book);
        session.setAttribute("cart", list);    //把list放回到session域當中
        
        out.print("購買成功!2秒鐘跳回");
        response.setHeader("refresh", "2;url="+request.getContextPath()+"/showAllBooksSession");
        
    }
    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
    }

}
AddCart

  4)ShowCart

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package com.zyh.sessioncart;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import com.zyh.domain.Book;

public class ShowCart extends HttpServlet {

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        out.print("購物車有以下商品:<br />");
        //得到session對象
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        List<Book> books = (List<Book>) session.getAttribute("cart");
        if(books==null){
            out.print("你什麽都沒有買");
            //這樣設置的話,上面還沒有看到就直接跳轉了
//            response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/showAllBooksSession");
            response.setHeader("refresh", "2;url="+request.getContextPath()+"/showAllBooksSession");
            return;    //如果沒有買執行下面的會出現空指針
        }
        for(Book book:books){
            out.write(book.getName()+"<br />");
        }
    }

    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
    }

}
ShowCart

3.3、測試

  1)訪問:http://localhost:8080/Web_cookieandsession/showAllBooksSession

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  2)點擊java核心基礎,2秒自動跳轉回去

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  3)查看購物車

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JavaWeb(二)cookie與session的應用