python網絡編程補充
阿新 • • 發佈：2017-10-22
服務 write lena cto while 基於 pat args rec
FTP作業：上傳下載文件
服務端import socket
import struct
import json
import subprocess
import os
class MYTCPServer:
address_family = socket.AF_INET
socket_type = socket.SOCK_STREAM
allow_reuse_address = False
max_packet_size = 8192
coding=‘utf-8‘
request_queue_size = 5
server_dir=‘file_upload‘
def __init__(self, server_address, bind_and_activate=True):
"""Constructor. May be extended, do not override."""
self.server_address=server_address
self.socket = socket.socket(self.address_family,
self.socket_type)
if bind_and_activate:
try:
self.server_bind()
self.server_activate()
except:
self.server_close()
raise
def server_bind(self):
"""Called by constructor to bind the socket.
"""
if self.allow_reuse_address:
self.socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
self.socket.bind(self.server_address)
self.server_address = self.socket.getsockname()
def server_activate(self):
"""Called by constructor to activate the server.
"""
self.socket.listen(self.request_queue_size)
def server_close(self):
"""Called to clean-up the server.
"""
self.socket.close()
def get_request(self):
"""Get the request and client address from the socket.
"""
return self.socket.accept()
def close_request(self, request):
"""Called to clean up an individual request."""
request.close()
def run(self):
while True:
self.conn,self.client_addr=self.get_request()
print(‘from client ‘,self.client_addr)
while True:
try:
head_struct = self.conn.recv(4)
if not head_struct:break
head_len = struct.unpack(‘i‘, head_struct)[0]
head_json = self.conn.recv(head_len).decode(self.coding)
head_dic = json.loads(head_json)
print(head_dic)
#head_dic={‘cmd‘:‘put‘,‘filename‘:‘a.txt‘,‘filesize‘:123123}
cmd=head_dic[‘cmd‘]
if hasattr(self,cmd):
func=getattr(self,cmd)
func(head_dic)
except Exception:
break
def put(self,args):
file_path=os.path.normpath(os.path.join(
self.server_dir,
args[‘filename‘]
))
filesize=args[‘filesize‘]
recv_size=0
print(‘----->‘,file_path)
with open(file_path,‘wb‘) as f:
while recv_size < filesize:
recv_data=self.conn.recv(self.max_packet_size)
f.write(recv_data)
recv_size+=len(recv_data)
print(‘recvsize:%s filesize:%s‘ %(recv_size,filesize))
tcpserver1=MYTCPServer((‘127.0.0.1‘,8080))
tcpserver1.run()
#下列代碼與本題無關
class MYUDPServer:
"""UDP server class."""
address_family = socket.AF_INET
socket_type = socket.SOCK_DGRAM
allow_reuse_address = False
max_packet_size = 8192
coding=‘utf-8‘
def get_request(self):
data, client_addr = self.socket.recvfrom(self.max_packet_size)
return (data, self.socket), client_addr
def server_activate(self):
# No need to call listen() for UDP.
pass
def shutdown_request(self, request):
# No need to shutdown anything.
self.close_request(request)
def close_request(self, request):
# No need to close anything.
passimport socket
import struct
import json
import os
class MYTCPClient:
address_family = socket.AF_INET
socket_type = socket.SOCK_STREAM
allow_reuse_address = False
max_packet_size = 8192
coding=‘utf-8‘
request_queue_size = 5
def __init__(self, server_address, connect=True):
self.server_address=server_address
self.socket = socket.socket(self.address_family,
self.socket_type)
if connect:
try:
self.client_connect()
except:
self.client_close()
raise
def client_connect(self):
self.socket.connect(self.server_address)
def client_close(self):
self.socket.close()
def run(self):
while True:
inp=input(">>: ").strip()
if not inp:continue
l=inp.split()
cmd=l[0]
if hasattr(self,cmd):
func=getattr(self,cmd)
func(l)
def put(self,args):
cmd=args[0]
filename=args[1]
if not os.path.isfile(filename):
print(‘file:%s is not exists‘ %filename)
return
else:
filesize=os.path.getsize(filename)
head_dic={‘cmd‘:cmd,‘filename‘:os.path.basename(filename),‘filesize‘:filesize}
print(head_dic)
head_json=json.dumps(head_dic)
head_json_bytes=bytes(head_json,encoding=self.coding)
head_struct=struct.pack(‘i‘,len(head_json_bytes))
self.socket.send(head_struct)
self.socket.send(head_json_bytes)
send_size=0
with open(filename,‘rb‘) as f:
for line in f:
self.socket.send(line)
send_size+=len(line)
print(send_size)
else:
print(‘upload successful‘)
client=MYTCPClient((‘127.0.0.1‘,8080))
client.run()一 認證客戶端的鏈接合法性
如果你想在分布式系統中實現一個簡單的客戶端鏈接認證功能，又不像SSL那麽復雜，那麽利用hmac+加鹽的方式來實現
服務端#_*_coding:utf-8_*_
__author__ = ‘Linhaifeng‘
from socket import *
import hmac,os
secret_key=b‘linhaifeng bang bang bang‘
def conn_auth(conn):
‘‘‘
認證客戶端鏈接
:param conn:
:return:
‘‘‘
print(‘開始驗證新鏈接的合法性‘)
msg=os.urandom(32)
conn.sendall(msg)
h=hmac.new(secret_key,msg)
digest=h.digest()
respone=conn.recv(len(digest))
return hmac.compare_digest(respone,digest)
def data_handler(conn,bufsize=1024):
if not conn_auth(conn):
print(‘該鏈接不合法,關閉‘)
conn.close()
return
print(‘鏈接合法,開始通信‘)
while True:
data=conn.recv(bufsize)
if not data:break
conn.sendall(data.upper())
def server_handler(ip_port,bufsize,backlog=5):
‘‘‘
只處理鏈接
:param ip_port:
:return:
‘‘‘
tcp_socket_server=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM)
tcp_socket_server.bind(ip_port)
tcp_socket_server.listen(backlog)
while True:
conn,addr=tcp_socket_server.accept()
print(‘新連接[%s:%s]‘ %(addr[0],addr[1]))
data_handler(conn,bufsize)
if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
ip_port=(‘127.0.0.1‘,9999)
bufsize=1024
server_handler(ip_port,bufsize)#_*_coding:utf-8_*_
__author__ = ‘Linhaifeng‘
from socket import *
import hmac,os
secret_key=b‘linhaifeng bang bang bang‘
def conn_auth(conn):
‘‘‘
驗證客戶端到服務器的鏈接
:param conn:
:return:
‘‘‘
msg=conn.recv(32)
h=hmac.new(secret_key,msg)
digest=h.digest()
conn.sendall(digest)
def client_handler(ip_port,bufsize=1024):
tcp_socket_client=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM)
tcp_socket_client.connect(ip_port)
conn_auth(tcp_socket_client)
while True:
data=input(‘>>: ‘).strip()
if not data:continue
if data == ‘quit‘:break
tcp_socket_client.sendall(data.encode(‘utf-8‘))
respone=tcp_socket_client.recv(bufsize)
print(respone.decode(‘utf-8‘))
tcp_socket_client.close()
if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
ip_port=(‘127.0.0.1‘,9999)
bufsize=1024
client_handler(ip_port,bufsize)
客戶端(非法:不知道加密方式)
#_*_coding:utf-8_*_
__author__ = ‘Linhaifeng‘
from socket import *
def client_handler(ip_port,bufsize=1024):
tcp_socket_client=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM)
tcp_socket_client.connect(ip_port)
while True:
data=input(‘>>: ‘).strip()
if not data:continue
if data == ‘quit‘:break
tcp_socket_client.sendall(data.encode(‘utf-8‘))
respone=tcp_socket_client.recv(bufsize)
print(respone.decode(‘utf-8‘))
tcp_socket_client.close()
if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
ip_port=(‘127.0.0.1‘,9999)
bufsize=1024
client_handler(ip_port,bufsize)
客戶端(非法:不知道secret_key)
#_*_coding:utf-8_*_
__author__ = ‘Linhaifeng‘
from socket import *
import hmac,os
secret_key=b‘linhaifeng bang bang bang1111‘
def conn_auth(conn):
‘‘‘
驗證客戶端到服務器的鏈接
:param conn:
:return:
‘‘‘
msg=conn.recv(32)
h=hmac.new(secret_key,msg)
digest=h.digest()
conn.sendall(digest)
def client_handler(ip_port,bufsize=1024):
tcp_socket_client=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM)
tcp_socket_client.connect(ip_port)
conn_auth(tcp_socket_client)
while True:
data=input(‘>>: ‘).strip()
if not data:continue
if data == ‘quit‘:break
tcp_socket_client.sendall(data.encode(‘utf-8‘))
respone=tcp_socket_client.recv(bufsize)
print(respone.decode(‘utf-8‘))
tcp_socket_client.close()
if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
ip_port=(‘127.0.0.1‘,9999)
bufsize=1024
client_handler(ip_port,bufsize)
二 socketserver實現並發
基於tcp的套接字，關鍵就是兩個循環，一個鏈接循環，一個通信循環
socketserver模塊中分兩大類：server類（解決鏈接問題）和request類（解決通信問題）
server類：
request類：
繼承關系:
以下述代碼為例，分析socketserver源碼：
ftpserver=socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer((‘127.0.0.1‘,8080),FtpServer)
ftpserver.serve_forever()
查找屬性的順序：ThreadingTCPServer->ThreadingMixIn->TCPServer->BaseServer
- 實例化得到ftpserver，先找類ThreadingTCPServer的__init__,在TCPServer中找到，進而執行server_bind,server_active
- 找ftpserver下的serve_forever,在BaseServer中找到，進而執行self._handle_request_noblock()，該方法同樣是在BaseServer中
- 執行self._handle_request_noblock()進而執行request, client_address = self.get_request()（就是TCPServer中的self.socket.accept()），然後執行self.process_request(request, client_address)
- 在ThreadingMixIn中找到process_request，開啟多線程應對並發，進而執行process_request_thread，執行self.finish_request(request, client_address)
- 上述四部分完成了鏈接循環，本部分開始進入處理通訊部分，在BaseServer中找到finish_request,觸發我們自己定義的類的實例化，去找__init__方法，而我們自己定義的類沒有該方法，則去它的父類也就是BaseRequestHandler中找....
源碼分析總結：
基於tcp的socketserver我們自己定義的類中的
- self.server即套接字對象
- self.request即一個鏈接
- self.client_address即客戶端地址
基於udp的socketserver我們自己定義的類中的
- self.request是一個元組（第一個元素是客戶端發來的數據，第二部分是服務端的udp套接字對象），如(b‘adsf‘, <socket.socket fd=200, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_DGRAM, proto=0, laddr=(‘127.0.0.1‘, 8080)>)
- self.client_address即客戶端地址
FtpServer
import socketserver
import struct
import json
import os
class FtpServer(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
coding=‘utf-8‘
server_dir=‘file_upload‘
max_packet_size=1024
BASE_DIR=os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
def handle(self):
print(self.request)
while True:
data=self.request.recv(4)
data_len=struct.unpack(‘i‘,data)[0]
head_json=self.request.recv(data_len).decode(self.coding)
head_dic=json.loads(head_json)
# print(head_dic)
cmd=head_dic[‘cmd‘]
if hasattr(self,cmd):
func=getattr(self,cmd)
func(head_dic)
def put(self,args):
file_path = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(
self.BASE_DIR,
self.server_dir,
args[‘filename‘]
))
filesize = args[‘filesize‘]
recv_size = 0
print(‘----->‘, file_path)
with open(file_path, ‘wb‘) as f:
while recv_size < filesize:
recv_data = self.request.recv(self.max_packet_size)
f.write(recv_data)
recv_size += len(recv_data)
print(‘recvsize:%s filesize:%s‘ % (recv_size, filesize))
ftpserver=socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer((‘127.0.0.1‘,8080),FtpServer)
ftpserver.serve_forever()
FtpClient
import socket
import struct
import json
import os
class MYTCPClient:
address_family = socket.AF_INET
socket_type = socket.SOCK_STREAM
allow_reuse_address = False
max_packet_size = 8192
coding=‘utf-8‘
request_queue_size = 5
def __init__(self, server_address, connect=True):
self.server_address=server_address
self.socket = socket.socket(self.address_family,
self.socket_type)
if connect:
try:
self.client_connect()
except:
self.client_close()
raise
def client_connect(self):
self.socket.connect(self.server_address)
def client_close(self):
self.socket.close()
def run(self):
while True:
inp=input(">>: ").strip()
if not inp:continue
l=inp.split()
cmd=l[0]
if hasattr(self,cmd):
func=getattr(self,cmd)
func(l)
def put(self,args):
cmd=args[0]
filename=args[1]
if not os.path.isfile(filename):
print(‘file:%s is not exists‘ %filename)
return
else:
filesize=os.path.getsize(filename)
head_dic={‘cmd‘:cmd,‘filename‘:os.path.basename(filename),‘filesize‘:filesize}
print(head_dic)
head_json=json.dumps(head_dic)
head_json_bytes=bytes(head_json,encoding=self.coding)
head_struct=struct.pack(‘i‘,len(head_json_bytes))
self.socket.send(head_struct)
self.socket.send(head_json_bytes)
send_size=0
with open(filename,‘rb‘) as f:
for line in f:
self.socket.send(line)
send_size+=len(line)
print(send_size)
else:
print(‘upload successful‘)
client=MYTCPClient((‘127.0.0.1‘,8080))
client.run()
python網絡編程補充