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keepalived雙主模式實現nginx高可用及LNAMMP架構

keepalived nginx lnammp

keepalived雙主模式實現nginx高可用及LNAMMP架構


一、利用keepalived實現nginx調度器高可用;

二、構建LNAMMP架構:

1) Nginx既是前端調度器,又是緩存服務器;

2) 將php的session緩存於memcached中;

3) 在Apache和php上部署Discuz論壇程序;

4) 使用https連接,即使用戶使用的是http協議也可以以https協議進行訪問;

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一、


實驗規劃:

director1:vip(172.16.1.8),dip(172.16.1.100)

director2:vip(172.16.1.9),dip(172.16.1.200)

RS1: rip(172.16.1.3)

RS2: rip(172.16.1.6)


1.首先關閉所有節點上iptables和selinux,同時進行時間同步。


2.在兩個後端RS上分別添加一個網頁

echo "www1.zrs.com" > /var/www/html/index.html

echo "www2.zrs.com" > /var/www/html/index.html


3.兩個director配置

安裝keepalived

yum -y install keepalived


4.安裝nginx

此次用EPEL源的安裝包,也可以編譯安裝

~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

~]# vim nginx.repo

[nginx]

name=nginx repo

baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/

gpgcheck=0

enabled=1

~]# yum install -y nginx


5.在nginx.conf配置文件中的http段內添加upstream內容,將後端兩臺RS加入到該upstream中

upstream webservers {

server 172.16.1.3;

server 172.16.1.6;

}

server {

listen 80;

location / {

proxy_pass http://webservers;

proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

}

}


6.配置keepalived的主配置文件,實現對nginx的雙主模式的高可用:

keepalived的配置文件1:

! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
   notification_email {
     root@localhost
   }
   notification_email_from  keepalived@localhost
   smtp_server 127.0.0.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id drct1
   vrrp_mcast_group4 224.200.100.18
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface eno16777736
    virtual_router_id 81
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass zrs66zrs
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        172.16.1.100/32 brd 172.16.1.100  dev eno16777736 label eno16777736:0
    }
}
vrrp_instance VI_2 {
    state BACKUP
    interface eno16777736
    virtual_router_id 80
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass zrs88zrs
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        172.16.1.200/32 brd  172.16.1.200 dev eno16777736 label eno16777736:1
    }
}


keepalived的配置文件2:

!Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
   notification_email {
     root@localhost
   }
   notification_email_from keepalived@localhost
   smtp_server 127.0.0.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id drct1
   vrrp_mcast_group4 224.200.100.18
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface eno16777736
    virtual_router_id 81
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass zrs66zrs
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        172.16.1.200/32 brd 172.16.1.200 dev  eno16777736 label eno16777736:0
    }
}
vrrp_instance VI_2 {
    state MASTER
    interface eno16777736
    virtual_router_id 80
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass zrs88zrs
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        172.16.1.100/32 brd 172.16.1.100 dev  eno16777736 label eno16777736:1
    }
}




7.開啟核心轉發功能

echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward


查看keepalived狀態

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測試一下

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關閉一個後端RS的httpd服務

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重新打開那個httpd服務

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客戶端查看,由於是輪詢模式,所以兩個後端RS主機交替訪問,分別查看兩個虛擬ip地址,如下

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二、


LNAMMP架構:Linux+Nginx+Apache+MySQL+Memcached+PHP


1.在兩個後端RS上創建數據庫

MariaDB [(none)]> create database dzdb;

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on dzdb.*TO ‘dzuser‘@‘172.16.%.%‘IDENTIFIED BY‘123456‘;

MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;


在兩個後端RS上導入Discuz程序包,並解壓,將解壓出來的upload文件包移動到指定目錄,並賦予必要的權限

cp -R ./upload /var/www/html

cd /var/www/html

chown apache:apache -R ./upload

cd upload/

chmod -R 777 config

chmod -R 777 data

chmod -R 777 uc_client

chmod -R 777 uc_server


打開瀏覽器查看

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2.進行緩存設置,因為Nginx既是前端調度器,又是緩存服務器,所以選取其中一個調度器172.16.1.9作為這次的緩存服務器


在172.16.1.9上安裝並開啟服務

yum install -y memcached

systemctl start memcached


在後端兩個RS上安裝php和其連接memcache必要的擴展程序

yum install -y php php-pecl-memcache


修改/etc/php.ini該配置文件中的[Session]段中的緩存路徑為如下,

session.save_handler = memcache

session.save_handler = "tcp://172.16.1.9:11211"

重載httpd

systemctl reload httpd

配置一個測試頁面,以測試緩存設置是否正常

[root@zj03 upload]# cd /var/www/html

[root@zj03 html]# vim sessstore.php


配置內容如下

<?php

$mem = new Memcache;

$mem->connect("172.16.1.9", 11211) or die("Could not connect");


$version = $mem->getVersion();

echo "Server‘s version: ".$version."<br/>\n";


$mem->set(‘hellokey‘, ‘Hello World‘, 0, 600) or die("Failed to save data at the memcached server");

echo "Store data in the cache (data will expire in 600 seconds)<br/>\n";


$get_result = $mem->get(‘hellokey‘);

echo "$get_result is from memcached server.";

?>


打開瀏覽器訪問虛擬ip查看

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3.設置https協議訪問

後端RS配置虛擬主機及密鑰,安裝https必要的程序包

yum install -y mod_ssl


前端nginx服務器上配置rewrite功能,在server模塊中的location中添加如下

rewrite ^(.*)$ https://$host$1 permanent;


添加server配置段

server {

listen 443 ssl;

server_name www1.zrs.com;

ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/nginx.crt;

ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/nginx.key;

ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;

ssl_session_timeout 5m;

ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;

ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

location / {

root html;

index index.php index.html index.htm;

}

}


瀏覽器測試

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本文出自 “12657170” 博客,請務必保留此出處http://12667170.blog.51cto.com/12657170/1979764

keepalived雙主模式實現nginx高可用及LNAMMP架構