2018-3-14 12周3次課 Nginx訪問日誌、日誌分割、日誌不記錄靜態文件和過期時間
·日誌格式：
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
搜索log_format
（雖然紅框中有三行，但實際上時一行配置，以分號為結尾）
combined_realip 定義日誌格式名字，此處定義成什麽，那麽後面引用時就要寫成什麽
公網ip(出口ip)
·除了在主配置文件nginx.conf裏定義日誌格式外，還需要在虛擬主機配置文件中增加
access_log /tmp/1.log combined_realip
（combined_realip就是nginx.conf中的日誌格式名）
[root@localhost vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful [root@localhost vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload [root@localhost vhost]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test3.com/admin/index.html -I HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Server: nginx/1.12.2 Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2018 13:35:48 GMT Content-Type: text/html Content-Length: 169 Connection: keep-alive [root@localhost vhost]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test2.com/admin/index.html -I HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently Server: nginx/1.12.2 Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2018 13:35:56 GMT Content-Type: text/html Content-Length: 185 Connection: keep-alive Location: [root@localhost vhost]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/admin/index.html -I HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx/1.12.2 Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2018 13:36:21 GMT Content-Type: text/html Content-Length: 19 Last-Modified: Tue, 13 Mar 2018 15:39:53 GMT Connection: keep-alive ETag: "5aa7f0c9-13" Accept-Ranges: bytes [root@localhost vhost]# cat /tmp/test.com.log 127.0.0.1 - [14/Mar/2018:21:35:56 +0800] test2.com "/admin/index.html" 301 "-" "curl/7.29.0" 127.0.0.1 - [14/Mar/2018:21:36:21 +0800] test.com "/admin/index.html" 200 "-" "curl/7.29.0"
12.11 Nginx日誌切割
創建shell腳本：
[root@localhost vhost]# vim /usr/local/sbin/nginx_log_rotate.sh
d=`date -d "-1 day" +%Y%m%d` 為了生成昨天的日期
logdir="/tmp/" 存放日誌的目錄
nginx_pid="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid" 找pid為了重新加載以便重新寫新的日誌（日誌pid）
cd $logdir 進入到日誌文件夾
for log in `ls *.log` 在運行目錄logdir下都有哪些文件，每個文件作為一次循環的對象
do
mv $log $log-$d 所有log改名字，以昨天的日期為後綴
/bin/kill -HUP `cat $nginx_pid` 重新加載，生成新的test.com.log
[root@localhost vhost]# sh -x /usr/local/sbin/nginx_log_rotate.sh ##sh -x 運行可查看過程 ++ date -d '-1 day' +%Y%m%d + d=20180313 + logdir=/tmp/ + nginx_pid=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid + cd /tmp/ ++ ls test.com.log + for log in '`ls *.log`' + mv test.com.log test.com.log-20180313 ++ cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid + /bin/kill -HUP 823
一段時間後刪除早前的log文件
find /tmp/ -name *.log-* -type f -mtime +30 | xarge rm
任務計劃：（每天淩晨零點開始執行）
[root@localhost vhost]# crontab -e
0 0 * * * /bin/bash /usr/local/sbin/nginx_log_rotate.sh
12.12 靜態文件不記錄日誌和過期時間
location ~ 精準匹配 任意一個以 .gif或jpg或jpeg或png或bmp或swf 為結尾的文件
配置過期時間，不去記錄訪問日誌
由於配置過期時間不同，因此分開寫上下兩段，js|css和上面分開
創建1.gif和2.js文件，模擬虛擬服務器中有這兩種格式文件，我們來訪問他們，在訪問同一個虛擬主機中的index.html文件，查看log文件，可以看出，log不會記錄指定格式的靜態文件
[root@localhost vhost]# cd /data/wwwroot/test.com/ [root@localhost test.com]# vim 1.gif [root@localhost test.com]# vim 2.js [root@localhost test.com]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/1.gif ifjasdfajsdfladskf [root@localhost test.com]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/2.js dlkfjad;slkfja;lk [root@localhost test.com]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/index.html test.com [root@localhost test.com]# cat /tmp/test.com.log 127.0.0.1 - [14/Mar/2018:22:33:25 +0800] test.com "/index.html" 200 "-" "curl/7.29.0" [root@localhost test.com]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/index.html test.com [root@localhost test.com]# cat /tmp/test.com.log 127.0.0.1 - [14/Mar/2018:22:33:25 +0800] test.com "/index.html" 200 "-" "curl/7.29.0" 127.0.0.1 - [14/Mar/2018:22:33:36 +0800] test.com "/index.html" 200 "-" "curl/7.29.0"
如果js後面跟一些其他字符，就無法匹配規則，因此會記錄
[root@localhost test.com]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/2.jsdafafa <html> <head><title>404 Not Found</title></head> <body bgcolor="white"> <center><h1>404 Not Found</h1></center> <hr><center>nginx/1.12.2</center> </body> </html> [root@localhost test.com]# cat /tmp/test.com.log 127.0.0.1 - [14/Mar/2018:22:33:25 +0800] test.com "/index.html" 200 "-" "curl/7.29.0" 127.0.0.1 - [14/Mar/2018:22:33:36 +0800] test.com "/index.html" 200 "-" "curl/7.29.0" 127.0.0.1 - [14/Mar/2018:22:36:25 +0800] test.com "/2.jsdafafa" 404 "-" "curl/7.29.0"
過期時間：
如果去掉配置文件中的 expires，那麽不會有過期時間
[root@localhost test.com]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf [root@localhost test.com]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload [root@localhost test.com]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/2.js -I
2018-3-14 12周3次課 Nginx訪問日誌、日誌分割、日誌不記錄靜態文件和過期時間