1. 程式人生 > >MySQL 筆記(四)DDL,DML 風格參考

MySQL 筆記(四)DDL,DML 風格參考

count alter var color prim update upd phone row

便於快速 COPY ,以備不時之需。

▲ 在所有操作之前

SET character_set_database=utf8;

確保 ↓

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE "%char%";
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |

| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

▲ 創建數據庫:

CREATE DATABASE sql_lab;

▲ 然後創建表:

CREATE TABLE chucang (
    chucang_no VARCHAR(12),
    enterprise_name VARCHAR(20),
    chucang_time DATE,
    chucang_type 
CHAR(1) COMMENT 企業性質,Y 公有,N 私有, enterprise_address VARCHAR(50), delivery_car_no VARCHAR(12), chucang_sum DECIMAL(8,2), PRIMARY KEY(chucang_no) ) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; CREATE TABLE chucang_detail ( chucang_no VARCHAR(12), product_no VARCHAR(12), price DECIMAL(8,2), quantity INT, total DECIMAL(8,2), FOREIGN KEY (chucang_no) REFERENCES chucang(chucang_no) ) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

PS. 別漏掉 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

▲ 確認表是否創建:

mysql> SHOW TABLES;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_sql_lab |
+-------------------+
| chucang           |
| chucang_detail    |
+-------------------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)

▲ 插入數據:

INSERT INTO chucang
    (chucang_no, 
    enterprise_name, 
    chucang_time, 
    chucang_type,
    enterprise_address,
    delivery_car_no,
    chucang_sum)
VALUES
    (10001,
    enterprise_a,
    1997-10-11,
    Y,
    ????,
    30005,
    0.00),
    (10002,
    enterprise_b,
    1997-10-21,
    Y,
    shanghai,
    30001,
    0.00),
    (10003,
    enterprise_c,
    1997-10-22,
    N,
    beijin,
    30003,
    0.00),
    (10004,
    enterprise_d,
    1997-10-23,
    Y,
    shanghai,
    30004,
    0.00),
    (10005,
    enterprise_e,
    1997-10-24,
    N,
    guangdong,
    30007,
    0.00);
    
INSERT INTO chucang_detail
    (chucang_no, 
    product_no, 
    price, 
    quantity,
    total)
VALUES
    (10002,
    221,
    30.5,
    20,
    0.00),
    (10003,
    222,
    31.5,
    22,
    0.00),
    (10004,
    223,
    40.5,
    20,
    0.00),
    (10001,
    224,
    41.5,
    20,
    0.00),
    (10005,
    225,
    43.5,
    20,
    0.00);

▲ 檢查數據:

SELECT *
FROM chucang_detail
LIMIT 3\G

▲ 修改表,插入一個新的字段/屬性/列:

ALTER TABLE chucang
ADD enterprise_phone CHAR(20);

▲ 檢查是否修改成功:

mysql> DESCRIBE chucang;

▲ 更新數據:

UPDATE chucang_detail
SET total = quantity * price;
UPDATE chucang x, chucang_detail y
SET x.chucang_sum = y.total
WHERE x.chucang_no = y.chucang_no;
-- 多表示例 ↑ ↓
UPDATE chucang x
SET x.chucang_sum = (
    SELECT SUM(total)
    FROM chucang_detail y
    GROUP BY y.chucang_no
    HAVING y.chucang_no = x.chucang_no
)

▲ 最簡單的查詢:

SELECT chucang_sum
FROM chucang
WHERE chucang_type = Y

▲ 排序:

SELECT chucang_no, enterprise_name
FROM chucang
ORDER BY chucang_no

▲ 子查詢:

SELECT chucang_no
FROM chucang_detail
WHERE chucang_no NOT IN (
    SELECT chucang_no
    FROM chucang
)

▲ 分組過濾 & 聚集函數:

SELECT chucang_type, SUM(chucang_sum)
FROM chucang
GROUP BY chucang_type
HAVING chucang_type = Y

▲ 本題無關,聯表查詢示例:

SELECT employee_no, employee_name, product_name, quantity, price
FROM employee x
LEFT OUTER JOIN order_master y ON x.employee_no = y.saler_no
LEFT OUTER JOIN order_detail z ON z.order_no = y.order_no
LEFT OUTER JOIN product m ON m.product_no = z.product_no 
WHERE (
    SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT product_no)
    FROM order_master w
    LEFT OUTER JOIN order_detail e ON w.order_no = e.order_no
    WHERE w.saler_no = x.employee_no) >= 5
ORDER BY employee_no

MySQL 筆記(四)DDL,DML 風格參考