What is the difference between Processor, Core, Logical Processor ?

Processor : It’s the physical components that comes with server, responsible of all processing operations, a server can have more than one processor (1, 2…), we talk so about a multiprocessor server (bi-processor in case of 2).

Core : Inside your physical processor, you can have more than one operations unit, called Core. We can say that a core is like a processor, so 1 Processor with two Cores is like 2 processors with 1 Core (I insist is like not equal). Today all processors are multi-core, and for servers, we usually find 4 or more cores processors (aka Quad Core or more).

Logical Processor : As explained before, we have processors and cores. Normally a Core can handle one thread (aka operation) in the same time (processor time slot). But when the technology Hyper-Threading is activated and supported, the Core can handle two threads in the same time than one (it’s more complicated but i’m touching the point). The number of thread in a machine is the number of logical processor. So if you want to know how much logical processor do you have, just count the total number of threads.

So how to count that:

Cores Count = Processor Count * CoresCountPerProcessor

Logical Processor Count = CoresCount * ThreadCount

#lscpu 
Architecture:          x86_64
CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order:            Little Endian
CPU(s):                32
On-line CPU(s) list:   0
 
-31
Thread(s) per core:    2
Core(s) per socket:    8
Socket(s):             2
NUMA node(s):          2
Vendor ID:             GenuineIntel
CPU family:            6
Model:                 45
Stepping:              7
CPU MHz:               2599.928
BogoMIPS:              5199.94
Virtualization:        VT-x
L1d cache:             32K
L1i cache:             32K
L2 cache:              256K
L3 cache:              20480K
NUMA node0 CPU(s):     0,2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,24,26,28,30
NUMA node1 CPU(s):     1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31

According to your lscpu output:

You have 32 cores (CPU(s)) in total.

You have 2 physical sockets (Socket(s)), each contains 1 physical processor.

Each processor of yours has 8 physical cores (Core(s) per socket) inside, which means you have 8 * 2 = 16 real cores.

Each real core can have 2 threads (Thread(s) per core), which means you have real cores * threads = 16 * 2 = 32 cores in total.

https://buildwindows.wordpress.com/2012/12/13/virtualization-processor-core-logical-processor-virtual-processor-what-does-this-mean/

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/145247/understanding-cpu-while-running-top-command

【轉載】CPU相關總結