作為Maven小白，今天這問題困擾了我好久，經過多次在網上查詢，終於找到了原因。明明一個小問題卻耗費很多時間，著實不應該，所以必須記錄一下。

報錯信息如下：

對話框：

控制臺：

1. <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:#ff0000;">嚴重: A child container failed during start
2. java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/SpringMvcController]]
3. at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(Unknown Source)
4. at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(Unknown Source)
5. at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:916)
6. at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:871)
7. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
8. at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1408)
9. at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1398)
10. at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source)
11. at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
12. at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
13. at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
14. Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/SpringMvcController]]
15. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
16. ... 6 more
17. Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [org.apache.catalina.webresources.StandardRoot@43cd5898]
18. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
19. at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.resourcesStart(StandardContext.java:4909)
20. at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5039)
21. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
22. ... 6 more
23. Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to initialize component [org.apache.catalina.webresources.JarResourceSet@4d31c0af]
24. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:106)
25. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:139)
26. at org.apache.catalina.webresources.StandardRoot.startInternal(StandardRoot.java:699)
27. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
28. ... 9 more
29. Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: java.util.zip.ZipException: invalid LOC header (bad signature)
30. at org.apache.catalina.webresources.JarResourceSet.initInternal(JarResourceSet.java:96)
31. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:102)
32. ... 12 more
33. Caused by: java.util.zip.ZipException: invalid LOC header (bad signature)
34. at java.util.zip.ZipFile.read(Native Method)
35. at java.util.zip.ZipFile.access$1400(Unknown Source)
36. at java.util.zip.ZipFile$ZipFileInputStream.read(Unknown Source)
37. at java.util.zip.ZipFile$ZipFileInflaterInputStream.fill(Unknown Source)
38. at java.util.zip.InflaterInputStream.read(Unknown Source)
39. at sun.misc.IOUtils.readFully(Unknown Source)
40. at java.util.jar.JarFile.getBytes(Unknown Source)
41. at java.util.jar.JarFile.getManifestFromReference(Unknown Source)
42. at java.util.jar.JarFile.getManifest(Unknown Source)
43. at org.apache.catalina.webresources.JarResourceSet.initInternal(JarResourceSet.java:94)
44. ... 13 more
46. 十一月 29, 2016 2:54:19 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal
47. 嚴重: A child container failed during start
48. java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
49. at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(Unknown Source)
50. at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(Unknown Source)
51. at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:916)
52. at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262)
53. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
54. at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:439)
55. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
56. at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:769)
57. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
58. at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:625)
59. at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
60. at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
61. at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
62. at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
63. at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:351)
64. at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:485)
65. Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
66. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
67. at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1408)
68. at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1398)
69. at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source)
70. at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
71. at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
72. at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
73. Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
74. at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:924)
75. at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:871)
76. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
77. ... 6 more
79. 十一月 29, 2016 2:54:19 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
80. 嚴重: The required Server component failed to start so Tomcat is unable to start.
81. org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardServer[8005]]
82. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
83. at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:625)
84. at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
85. at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
86. at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
87. at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
88. at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:351)
89. at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:485)
90. Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardService[Catalina]]
91. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
92. at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:769)
93. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
94. ... 7 more
95. Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina]]
96. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
97. at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:439)
98. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
99. ... 9 more
100. Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
101. at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:924)
102. at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262)
103. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
104. ... 11 more
106. 十一月 29, 2016 2:54:19 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol pause
107. 信息: Pausing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
108. 十一月 29, 2016 2:54:19 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol pause
109. 信息: Pausing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
110. 十一月 29, 2016 2:54:19 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService stopInternal
111. 信息: Stopping service Catalina
112. 十一月 29, 2016 2:54:19 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy
113. 信息: Destroying ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
114. 十一月 29, 2016 2:54:19 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy
115. 嚴重: Failed to destroy end point associated with ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
116. java.lang.NullPointerException
117. at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.releaseCaches(NioEndpoint.java:305)
118. at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.unbind(NioEndpoint.java:481)
119. at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint.destroy(AbstractEndpoint.java:823)
120. at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.destroy(AbstractProtocol.java:533)
121. at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.destroyInternal(Connector.java:1023)
122. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305)
123. at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.destroyInternal(StandardService.java:588)
124. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305)
125. at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.destroyInternal(StandardServer.java:859)
126. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305)
127. at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:629)
128. at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
129. at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
130. at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
131. at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
132. at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:351)
133. at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:485)
135. 十一月 29, 2016 2:54:19 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy
136. 信息: Destroying ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
137. 十一月 29, 2016 2:54:19 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy
138. 嚴重: Failed to destroy end point associated with ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
139. java.lang.NullPointerException
140. at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.releaseCaches(NioEndpoint.java:305)
141. at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.unbind(NioEndpoint.java:481)
142. at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint.destroy(AbstractEndpoint.java:823)
143. at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.destroy(AbstractProtocol.java:533)
144. at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.destroyInternal(Connector.java:1023)
145. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305)
146. at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.destroyInternal(StandardService.java:588)
147. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305)
148. at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.destroyInternal(StandardServer.java:859)
149. at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305)
150. at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:629)
151. at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
152. at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
153. at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
154. at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
155. at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:351)
156. at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:485)</span>
157. </span>

原因：

提取錯誤的關鍵信息

說明Jar包出現了問題。

那麽接下來就要找哪個jar包出現了問題：

方法1、可通過右擊項目名 -> Run as -> Maven test ，這時控制臺會報哪個jar包出錯。 （也可以打開DOS命令窗口，切換至項目目錄，運行mvn test命令，和Eclipse的控制臺輸出信息一致）

方法2、如果方法1未出現任何錯誤信息，那麽就使用笨辦法。打開項目中的pom.xml文件，在自己的Maven本地倉庫去查找pom.xml文件中每一個dependency節點所對應的jar包版本。一個一個對比，看看是否都正常下載。

這裏，我找到了本地倉庫中出現的jar包錯誤：

解決方法：

既然jar包未下載成功，那麽重新下載就行了。如果重新下載還是不能成功，那就在網上下載同版本的拷貝進去。

刪除掉該jar包所在目錄下的所有文件後，重新運行maven install。

這時，可看到jar包已正常下載。

再次運行項目，右擊項目 -> Run as -> Run on server 。可以發現，項目能正常運行了。

運行Maven項目時出現invalid LOC header (bad signature)錯誤，Tomcat不能正常啟動