插入&更新&刪除數據

• 構建練習表結構
• 插入數據
• 為表的所有字段插入數據
• 為表的指定字段插入數據
• 同時插入多條記錄
• 將查詢結果插入到表中

• 更新數據
• 更新表中指定字段
• 根據範圍更新表中指定字段的所有記錄

• 刪除數據
• 刪除表中指定記錄
• 根據範圍刪除表中指定記錄
• 清空表中記錄

構建練習表結構

創建以下表結構：

MariaDB [lyshark]> create table person
    -> (
    -> id int unsigned not null auto_increment,
    -> name char(50) not null default ‘‘,
    -> age int not null default 0,
    -> info char(50) null,
    -> primary key(id)
    -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

語法格式：

insert into 表名 (字段) values(數值);

插入數據

為表的所有字段插入數據

在person表中，插入一條新紀錄，id=1，name=LyShark,age=22,info=Lawyer

MariaDB [lyshark]> select * from person;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [lyshark]> insert into person(id,name,age,info) values(1,‘LyShark‘,22,‘Lawyer‘);   #插入一條記錄
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [lyshark]> select * from person;
+----+---------+-----+--------+
| id | name    | age | info   |
+----+---------+-----+--------+
|  1 | LyShark |  22 | Lawyer |
+----+---------+-----+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [lyshark]> 

為表的指定字段插入數據

在person表中，插入一條新紀錄name=Willam,age=18,info=sports

MariaDB [lyshark]> desc person;
+-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type             | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id    | int(10) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| name  | char(50)         | NO   |     |         |                |
| age   | int(11)          | NO   |     | 0       |                |
| info  | char(50)         | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
+-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [lyshark]> insert into person(name,age,info) values(‘Willam‘,18,‘sports man‘);     #指定插入字段
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)

MariaDB [lyshark]> select * from person;
+----+---------+-----+------------+
| id | name    | age | info       |
+----+---------+-----+------------+
|  1 | LyShark |  22 | Lawyer     |
|  2 | Willam  |  18 | sports man |
+----+---------+-----+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [lyshark]> 

同時插入多條記錄

MariaDB [lyshark]> select * from person;
+----+---------+-----+------------+
| id | name    | age | info       |
+----+---------+-----+------------+
|  1 | LyShark |  22 | Lawyer     |
|  2 | Willam  |  18 | sports man |
+----+---------+-----+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [lyshark]> insert into person(name,age,info) values(‘Evans‘,27,‘secretary‘),   #同時插入多條數據的寫法
    -> (‘Dale‘,22,‘cook‘),
    -> (‘Edison‘,28,‘singer‘);
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 3  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

MariaDB [lyshark]> select * from person;
+----+---------+-----+------------+
| id | name    | age | info       |
+----+---------+-----+------------+
|  1 | LyShark |  22 | Lawyer     |
|  2 | Willam  |  18 | sports man |
|  3 | Evans   |  27 | secretary  |
|  4 | Dale    |  22 | cook       |
|  5 | Edison  |  28 | singer     |
+----+---------+-----+------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

將查詢結果插入到表中

為了實現將另一個表中的記錄插入到本表中,我們新建一個person_old表,其表結構和person相同,我們將person_old表中的內容全部遷移到person中去

創建一個測試表，並插入測試字段：

MariaDB [lyshark]> create table person_old
    -> (
    -> id int unsigned not null auto_increment,
    -> name char(50) not null default ‘‘,
    -> age int not null default 0,
    -> info char(50) null,
    -> primary key(id)
    -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

MariaDB [lyshark]> insert into person_old
    -> values(11,‘harry‘,20,‘student‘),(12,‘Beckham‘,33,‘police‘);
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

接下來我們將person_old表中的內容遷移到person中去

MariaDB [lyshark]> select * from person_old;
+----+---------+-----+---------+
| id | name    | age | info    |
+----+---------+-----+---------+
| 11 | harry   |  20 | student |
| 12 | Beckham |  33 | police  |
+----+---------+-----+---------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [lyshark]> select * from person;
+----+---------+-----+------------+
| id | name    | age | info       |
+----+---------+-----+------------+
|  1 | LyShark |  22 | Lawyer     |
|  2 | Willam  |  18 | sports man |
|  3 | Evans   |  27 | secretary  |
|  4 | Dale    |  22 | cook       |
|  5 | Edison  |  28 | singer     |
+----+---------+-----+------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [lyshark]> 
MariaDB [lyshark]> insert into person(id,name,age,info)     #利用查詢命令完成遷移
    -> select id,name,age,info from person_old;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

MariaDB [lyshark]> select * from person;
+----+---------+-----+------------+
| id | name    | age | info       |
+----+---------+-----+------------+
|  1 | LyShark |  22 | Lawyer     |
|  2 | Willam  |  18 | sports man |
|  3 | Evans   |  27 | secretary  |
|  4 | Dale    |  22 | cook       |
|  5 | Edison  |  28 | singer     |
| 11 | harry   |  20 | student    |
| 12 | Beckham |  33 | police     |
+----+---------+-----+------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

更新數據

更新表中指定字段

將id=11的name字段的值改為xxxx，age字段改為200

MariaDB [lyshark]> select * from person;
+----+---------+-----+------------+
| id | name    | age | info       |
+----+---------+-----+------------+
|  1 | LyShark |  22 | Lawyer     |
|  2 | Willam  |  18 | sports man |
|  3 | Evans   |  27 | secretary  |
|  4 | Dale    |  22 | cook       |
|  5 | Edison  |  28 | singer     |
| 11 | harry   |  20 | student    |
| 12 | Beckham |  33 | police     |
+----+---------+-----+------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [lyshark]> update person set age=200,name=‘xxxx‘ where id=11;  #更新單個字段
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

MariaDB [lyshark]> select * from person;
+----+---------+-----+------------+
| id | name    | age | info       |
+----+---------+-----+------------+
|  1 | LyShark |  22 | Lawyer     |
|  2 | Willam  |  18 | sports man |
|  3 | Evans   |  27 | secretary  |
|  4 | Dale    |  22 | cook       |
|  5 | Edison  |  28 | singer     |
| 11 | xxxx    | 200 | student    |
| 12 | Beckham |  33 | police     |
+----+---------+-----+------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

根據範圍更新表中指定字段的所有記錄

在person表中，將1-12的info字段全部改為lyshark blog

MariaDB [lyshark]> select * from person;
+----+---------+-----+------------+
| id | name    | age | info       |
+----+---------+-----+------------+
|  1 | LyShark |  22 | Lawyer     |
|  2 | Willam  |  18 | sports man |
|  3 | Evans   |  27 | secretary  |
|  4 | Dale    |  22 | cook       |
|  5 | Edison  |  28 | singer     |
| 11 | xxxx    | 200 | student    |
| 12 | Beckham |  33 | police     |
+----+---------+-----+------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [lyshark]> update person set info=‘lyshark blog‘ where age between 1 and 200;  #指定修改的字段
Query OK, 7 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 7  Changed: 7  Warnings: 0

MariaDB [lyshark]> select * from person;
+----+---------+-----+--------------+
| id | name    | age | info         |
+----+---------+-----+--------------+
|  1 | LyShark |  22 | lyshark blog |
|  2 | Willam  |  18 | lyshark blog |
|  3 | Evans   |  27 | lyshark blog |
|  4 | Dale    |  22 | lyshark blog |
|  5 | Edison  |  28 | lyshark blog |
| 11 | xxxx    | 200 | lyshark blog |
| 12 | Beckham |  33 | lyshark blog |
+----+---------+-----+--------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

刪除數據

刪除表中指定記錄

通過id號，刪除表中指定列

MariaDB [lyshark]> select * from person;
+----+---------+-----+--------------+
| id | name    | age | info         |
+----+---------+-----+--------------+
|  1 | LyShark |  22 | lyshark blog |
|  2 | Willam  |  18 | lyshark blog |
|  3 | Evans   |  27 | lyshark blog |
|  4 | Dale    |  22 | lyshark blog |
|  5 | Edison  |  28 | lyshark blog |
| 11 | xxxx    | 200 | lyshark blog |
| 12 | Beckham |  33 | lyshark blog |
+----+---------+-----+--------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [lyshark]> delete from person where id=12;   #通過id號，刪除表中指定列
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)

MariaDB [lyshark]> select * from person;
+----+---------+-----+--------------+
| id | name    | age | info         |
+----+---------+-----+--------------+
|  1 | LyShark |  22 | lyshark blog |
|  2 | Willam  |  18 | lyshark blog |
|  3 | Evans   |  27 | lyshark blog |
|  4 | Dale    |  22 | lyshark blog |
|  5 | Edison  |  28 | lyshark blog |
| 11 | xxxx    | 200 | lyshark blog |
+----+---------+-----+--------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

根據範圍刪除表中指定記錄

在person表中，刪除age字段值在19-22的記錄

MariaDB [lyshark]> select * from person;
+----+---------+-----+--------------+
| id | name    | age | info         |
+----+---------+-----+--------------+
|  1 | LyShark |  22 | lyshark blog |
|  2 | Willam  |  18 | lyshark blog |
|  3 | Evans   |  27 | lyshark blog |
|  4 | Dale    |  22 | lyshark blog |
|  5 | Edison  |  28 | lyshark blog |
| 11 | xxxx    | 200 | lyshark blog |
+----+---------+-----+--------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [lyshark]> delete from person where age between 19 and 22;    #指定範圍刪除
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [lyshark]> select * from person;
+----+--------+-----+--------------+
| id | name   | age | info         |
+----+--------+-----+--------------+
|  2 | Willam |  18 | lyshark blog |
|  3 | Evans  |  27 | lyshark blog |
|  5 | Edison |  28 | lyshark blog |
| 11 | xxxx   | 200 | lyshark blog |
+----+--------+-----+--------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

清空表中所有記錄

MariaDB [lyshark]> select * from person;
+----+--------+-----+--------------+
| id | name   | age | info         |
+----+--------+-----+--------------+
|  2 | Willam |  18 | lyshark blog |
|  3 | Evans  |  27 | lyshark blog |
|  5 | Edison |  28 | lyshark blog |
| 11 | xxxx   | 200 | lyshark blog |
+----+--------+-----+--------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [lyshark]> delete from person;   #清空表中所有記錄
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [lyshark]> select * from person;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

《MySQL 學習筆記》 插入&更新&刪除數據