很多人喜歡用Windows本地開發Hadoop程序，這裏是一個在Windows下配置Hadoop的教程。

首先去官網下載hadoop，這裏需要下載一個工具winutils，這個工具是編譯hadoop用的，下載完之後解壓hadoop文件，然後把winutils.exe放到hadoop文件的bin目錄下面

然後在hadoop/etc/hadoop下修改以下文件：

core-site.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"
 
?>
<!--
  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
  You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
 
-->

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>
  <property>
    <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
    <value>hdfs://localhost:9000/</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>io.native.lib.available</name>
    <
 
value>false</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>hadoop.native.lib</name>
    <value>false</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>io.compression.codecs</name>
    <value>org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.GzipCodec,
           org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.DefaultCodec,
           com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoCodec,
           com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzopCodec,
           org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.BZip2Codec,
           org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.SnappyCodec
        </value>
</property>
<property>
    <name>io.compression.codec.lzo.class</name>
    <value>com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoCodec</value>
</property>

</configuration>

hdfs-site.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<!--
  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
  You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
-->

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>  
       <property>  
               <name>dfs.replication</name>  
                <value>1</value>  
       </property>
       <property>
                <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>  
               <value>file:///D:/Hadoop/namenode</value>  
       </property>
       <property>
               <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>  
               <value>file:///D:/Hadoop/datanode</value>  
       </property>
</configuration>  

mapred-site.xml：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<!--
  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
  You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
-->

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
        <value>yarn</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>mapred.compress.map.output</name>
        <value>true</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>mapred.map.output.compression.codec</name>
        <value>com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoCodec</value>
    </property> 
    <property> 
        <name>mapred.child.env</name> 
        <value>LD_LIBRARY_PATH=</value>
        <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
        <value>yarn</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>mapred.compress.map.output</name>
        <value>true</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>mapred.map.output.compression.codec</name>
        <value>com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoCodec</value>
    </property> 
    <property> 
        <name>mapred.child.env</name> 
        <value>LD_LIBRARY_PATH=D:\hadoop-2.7.3-win64\lib</value> 
    </property>
</configuration>

然後cmd到hadoop的bin目錄下執行：

hdfs namenode -format

然後在sbin目錄下執行：

start-all.cmd

然後瀏覽器打開http://localhost:8088：

執行hadoop命令：hadoop fs -ls /

空的，新建一個文件夾：hadoop fs -mkdir /data

然後查看：hadoop fs -ls /

這樣就hadoop的本地偽分布式環境就配置好了。

Windows配置本地Hadoop運行環境