1.通過mount命令查看設備掛載狀態中是否包含/dev/cdrom(sr0).

[root@CentOS6-node1 ~]# mount |grep "cdrom"

/dev/sr0 on /media/cdrom type iso9660 (ro) //如果顯示本行，證明已有光盤，否則

證明沒有光盤掛載。

2.如果有掛載，將其卸載，創建/media/cdrom目錄，並將光盤掛載到/media/cdrom目錄上。

[root@CentOS6-node1 ~]# umount /dev/cdrom

umount: /dev/cdrom: not mounted

[root@CentOS6-node1 ~]# mkdir -p /media/cdrom

[root@CentOS6-node1 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom/

mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only

[root@CentOS6-node1 ~]# cd /media/cdrom/Packages/

[root@CentOS6-node1 Packages]# ls

.........

3.查詢lrzsz軟件包是否安裝，如果未安裝將其安裝（軟件包在光盤的Packages）

[root@CentOS6-node1 Packages]# rpm -q lrzsz

package lrzsz is not installed //

=====================理論部分========================

======================操作部分==============================

[root@CentOS6-node1 Packages]# rpm -ivh lrzsz-0.12.20-27.1.el6.x86_64.rpm

warning: lrzsz-0.12.20-27.1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:lrzsz ########################################### [100%]

[root@CentOS6-node1 Packages]# rpm -q lrzsz

lrzsz-0.12.20-27.1.el6.x86_64

[root@CentOS6-node1 Packages]#

4.通過xftp等工具上傳文件夾中的軟件包

5.安裝 RealPlayer11GOLD.rpm 查看視頻播放器是否安裝成功

[root@CentOS6-node1 ~]# ls -l RealPlayer11GOLD.rpm

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 8631282 1月 22 14:28 RealPlayer11GOLD.rpm

[root@CentOS6-node1 ~]# rpm -ivh RealPlayer11GOLD.rpm

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:RealPlayer ########################################### [100%]

[root@CentOS6-node1 ~]# rpm -q RealPlayer

RealPlayer-11.0.0.4028-20080225.i586

[root@CentOS6-node1 ~]#

================關於軟件包的依賴關系======================

7.通過源代碼方式安裝 httpd-2.2.17.tar.gz 軟件確保web服務正常運行

Tarball 封包

.tar.gz 和 .tar.bz2 格式居多

軟件素材參考：http://sourceforge.net

完整性校驗

md5sum校驗工具

n 計算MD5校驗和，並與官方提供的值相比較，判斷是否一致

[root@CentOS6-node1 ~]# md5sum httpd-2.2.17.tar.gz

66d8e107f85acc039fd5e624e85728a9 httpd-2.2.17.tar.gz

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[root@CentOS6-node1 ~]# rpm -q httpd

httpd-2.2.15-29.el6.centos.x86_64

[root@CentOS6-node1 ~]# rpm -e httpd --nodeps

[root@CentOS6-node1 ~]# rpm -q httpd

package httpd is not installed

//卸載本地用rpm方式安裝的httpd服務器

========================================

[root@CentOS6-node1 ~]# rpm -q gcc gcc-c++ make

gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64

gcc-c++-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64

make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64

=================理論部分==================

步驟1：tar解包

[root@CentOS6-node1 ~]# tar xf httpd-2.2.17.tar.gz -C /usr/src/

[root@CentOS6-node1 ~]# cd /usr/src/httpd-2.2.17/

[root@CentOS6-node1 httpd-2.2.17]# ls

ABOUT_APACHE buildconf emacs-style LAYOUT NOTICE ROADMAP

acinclude.m4 CHANGES httpd.dsp libhttpd.dsp NWGNUmakefile server

Apache.dsw config.layout httpd.spec LICENSE os srclib

build configure include Makefile.in README support

BuildAll.dsp configure.in INSTALL Makefile.win README.platforms test

BuildBin.dsp docs InstallBin.dsp modules README-win32.txt VERSIONING

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

步驟2：./configure配置

[root@CentOS6-node1 httpd-2.2.17]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/httpd

註意：

--prefix :指定安裝路徑

-------------------------------------------------------

步驟3：編譯，將源碼編譯成系統能夠識別的二進制可執行程序

[root@CentOS6-node1 httpd-2.2.17]# make

---------------------------------------------------------------

步驟4. 安裝 ,創建安裝目錄，並將生成二進制可執行程序復制進去。

[root@CentOS6-node1 httpd-2.2.17]# make install

[root@CentOS6-node1 httpd-2.2.17]# ls /usr/local/httpd/

bin build cgi-bin conf error htdocs icons include lib logs man manual modules

----------------------------------

步驟5. 測試：

[root@CentOS6-node1 httpd-2.2.17]# /usr/local/httpd/bin/apachectl start

//啟動httpd服務

8.查找出chkconfig命令由哪個軟件包生成

[root@CentOS6-node1 ~]# which chkconfig

/sbin/chkconfig

[root@CentOS6-node1 ~]# rpm -qf /sbin/chkconfig

chkconfig-1.3.49.3-2.el6_4.1.x86_64

9.通過光盤導入軟件包數字公鑰

[root@CentOS6-node1 ~]# ls /media/cdrom/

CentOS_BuildTag RELEASE-NOTES-en-US.html

EFI repodata

EULA RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

GPL RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Debug-6

images RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Security-6

isolinux RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-6

Packages TRANS.TBL

[root@CentOS6-node1 ~]# rpm --import /media/cdrom/*K*

//通過光盤導入軟件包數字公鑰

10.將光盤卸載

[root@CentOS6-node1 ~]# umount /dev/cdrom

[root@CentOS6-node1 ~]# mount |grep "cdrom"

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