Java 基本語法---Java運算符
阿新 • • 發佈:2018-07-28
簡單的 表達式 位或 表達 alt 舉例 賦值運算 狀態 str
Java 基本語法---Java運算符
0. 概述
Java中的運算符主要分為以下幾種:
- 算術運算符
- 賦值運算符
- 關系運算符
- 邏輯運算符
- 條件運算符
- 位運算符
- 其他運算符
1. 算術運算符
操作符 | 描述 |
---|---|
+ | 加法,加號兩側的兩個數相加 |
- | 減法,減號左側的數減去右側的數 |
* | 乘法,乘號兩側的兩個數相乘 |
/ | 除法,除號左側的數除以右側的數 |
% | 取模。左側的數除以右側的數的余數 |
++ | 自增,操作數的值增1 |
-- | 自減,操作數的值減1 |
public class ArithmeticTest { public static void main(String[] args) { double number1 = 12.390; double number2 = 74.340; int number3 = 4; System.out.println(number2 + " + " + number1 + " = " + (number2 + number1)); System.out.println(number2 + " - " + number1 + " = " + (number2 - number1)); System.out.println(number1 + " * " + number3 + " = " + (number1 * number3)); System.out.println(number2 + " / " + number1 + " = " + (number2 / number1)); System.out.println(number1 + " % " + number3 + " = " + (float)(number1 % number3)); int number4 = 5; int number5 = 5; int number = number4++; System.out.println("number4++ = " + number + ", number4 = " + number4); number = ++number5; System.out.println("++number5 = " + number + ", number5 = " + number5); System.out.println("(number++) = " + (number++));; System.out.println("(number--) = " + (number--)); } } Output: 74.34 + 12.39 = 86.73 74.34 - 12.39 = 61.95 12.39 * 4 = 49.56 74.34 / 12.39 = 6.0 12.39 % 4 = 0.39 number4++ = 5, number4 = 6 ++number5 = 6, number5 = 6 (number++) = 6 (number--) = 7
2. 賦值運算符
操作符 | 描述 | 舉例 |
---|---|---|
= | 簡單的賦值運算符,將右側操作數的值賦給左側的操作數 | C = A+B 將A+B的值賦值給C |
+= | 加和賦值操作符,它把左操作數和右操作數相加賦值給左操作數 | C + = A等價於C = C + A |
-= | 減和賦值操作符,它把左操作數和右操作數相減賦值給左操作數 | C - = A等價於C = C - A |
*= | 乘和賦值操作符,它把左操作數和右操作數相乘賦值給左操作數 | C * = A等價於C = C * A |
/= | 除和賦值操作符,它把左操作數和右操作數相除賦值給左操作數 | C / = A等價於C = C / A |
(%)= | 取模和賦值操作符,它把左操作數和右操作數取模後賦值給左操作數 | C%= A等價於C = C%A |
<<= | 左移位賦值運算符 | C << = 2等價於C = C << 2 |
>>= | 右移位賦值運算符 | C >> = 2等價於C = C >> 2 |
&= | 按位與賦值運算符 | C&= 2等價於C = C&2 |
^= | 按位異或賦值操作符 | C ^ = 2等價於C = C ^ 2 |
|= | 按位或賦值操作符 | C | = 2等價於C = C | 2 |
public class AssignmentTest { public static void main(String[] args) { int a = 100; int b = 200; int c = 4; System.out.println("a (a += b) = " + (a += b)); System.out.println("a (a -= 100) = " + (a -= 100)); System.out.println("a (a *= c) = " + (a *= c)); System.out.println("a (a /= 100) = " + (a /= 100)); System.out.println("a (a %= 100) = " + (a %= 100)); System.out.println("c ( c<<2 ) = " + ( c << 2 )); System.out.println("c ( c>>2 ) = " + ( c >> 2 )); } } Output: a (a += b) = 300 a (a -= 100) = 200 a (a *= c) = 800 a (a /= 100) = 8 a (a %= 100) = 8 c ( c<<2 ) = 16 c ( c>>2 ) = 1
3.關系運算符
運算符 | 描述 |
---|---|
== | 檢查如果兩個操作數的值是否相等,如果相等則條件為真。 |
!= | 檢查如果兩個操作數的值是否相等,如果值不相等則條件為真。 |
> | 檢查左操作數的值是否大於右操作數的值,如果是那麽條件為真。 |
< | 檢查左操作數的值是否小於右操作數的值,如果是那麽條件為真。 |
>= | 檢查左操作數的值是否大於或等於右操作數的值,如果是那麽條件為真。 |
<= | 檢查左操作數的值是否小於或等於右操作數的值,如果是那麽條件為真。 |
public class RelationalTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int a = 100;
int b = 88;
System.out.println("(a == b) = " + (a == b ));
System.out.println("(a != b) = " + (a != b ));
System.out.println();
System.out.println("(a <= b) = " + (a <= b ));
System.out.println("(a >= b) = " + (a >= b ));
System.out.println();
System.out.println("(a > b) = " + (a > b ));
System.out.println("(a < b) = " + (a < b ));
}
}
Output:
(a == b) = false
(a != b) = true
(a <= b) = false
(a >= b) = true
(a > b) = true
(a < b) = false
4. 邏輯運算符
操作符 | 描述 |
---|---|
&& | 稱為邏輯與運算符。當且僅當兩個操作數都為真,條件才為真。 |
|| | 稱為邏輯或操作符。如果任何兩個操作數任何一個為真,條件為真。 |
! | 稱為邏輯非運算符。用來反轉操作數的邏輯狀態。如果條件為true,則邏輯非運算符將得到false。 |
public class LogicalTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
boolean a = true;
boolean b = false;
System.out.println("(a && b) = " + (a && b));
System.out.println("(a || b) = " + (a || b));
System.out.println("!(a && b) = " + !(a && b));
//短路邏輯運算符&&:先判斷前一個條件,true則執行第二個判斷操作,為false則不在執行
int c = 100;
System.out.println((c > 100) && (c++ < 150));
System.out.println("c = " + c);
System.out.println();
System.out.println((c++ < 150) && (c > 100));
System.out.println("c = " + c);
}
}
Output:
(a && b) = false
(a || b) = true
!(a && b) = true
false
c = 100
true
c = 101
5. 條件運算符
運算符有3個操作數,需要判斷布爾表達式的值。該運算符的主要是決定哪個值應該賦值給變量。
eg: a = ( b == 1) ? 20 : 30 ;
這一條語句:先判斷 b是否為1,為 true 則將 a設置為 20,為 false 則將 b 設置為 30;
public class ConditionalTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int a;
int b = 100;
a = (b == 100) ? 66 : 88;
System.out.println("a =" + a);
System.out.println();
b = (a == 66) ? 888 : 88;
System.out.println("b =" + b);
}
}
Output:
a =66
b =888
6.案例
判斷輸入的年份是否為閏年;
LeapYear : 能被400整除的年份和能被4整除但是不能被100整除的年份
public class LeapYearDemo {
//LeapYear:能被400整除的年份和能被4整除但是不能被100整除的年份
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("請輸入要判斷的年份: ");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int year = sc.nextInt();
if ((year % 400 == 0) || (year % 4 == 0 && year %100 != 0 ))
{
System.out.println(year + "是閏年!");
}
else
{
System.out.println(year + "不是閏年!");
}
}
}
Output:
請輸入要判斷的年份:
1997
1997不是閏年!
請輸入要判斷的年份:
2020
2020是閏年!
Java 基本語法---Java運算符