gat和post封裝代碼和爬蟲的5個步奏
阿新 • • 發佈:2018-08-14
except head get請求 webkit baidu 5.0 .com urllib header
1了解需求
2根據需求找網站
3請求
4獲取
5存儲
from urllib import request, parse
from urllib.error import HTTPError, URLError
def get(url, headers=None):
return urlrequests(url, headers=headers)
#必須寫headers,因為按順序走會form
def post(url, form, headers=None):
return urlrequests(url, form, headers=headers)
#b. post(url, form, headers=None)
def urlrequests(url, form=None, headers=None):
user_agent = ‘Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36‘
# 如果用戶需要自行傳入headers, 則覆蓋之前的headers
if headers == None:
headers = {
‘User-Agent‘: user_agent
}
html_bytes = b‘‘
try:
if form:
# POST請求
# 2.1 轉換成str
form_str = parse.urlencode(form)
#print(form_str)
# 2.2 轉換成bytes
form_bytes = form_str.encode(‘utf-8‘)
req = request.Request(url, data=form_bytes, headers=headers)
else:
# GET請求
req = request.Request(url, headers=headers)
response = request.urlopen(req)
html_bytes = response.read()
except HTTPError as e:
print(e)
except URLError as e:
print(e)
return html_bytes
if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
url = ‘http://fanyi.baidu.com/sug‘
#1,準備數據
form = {
‘kw‘: ‘呵呵‘
}
html_bytes = post(url, form=form)
#2,調到函數
print(html_bytes)
#3,打印
# url = ‘http://www.baidu.com‘
# html_byte = get(url)
# print(html_byte)
gat和post封裝代碼和爬蟲的5個步奏