LVM （邏輯卷）的增加、擴容、縮小、刪除操作
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-08-15
meta util cti oot vgdisplay vdi swap 分區 dir 一、邏輯卷的創建
查看磁盤
[root@centos7 ~ ]#lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 200G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot └─sda2 8:2 0 199G 0 part ├─centos-root 253:0 0 50G 0 lvm / ├─centos-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP] └─centos-home 253:2 0 147G 0 lvm /home sdb 8:16 0 10G 0 disk //新加入的磁盤sdb sdc 8:32 0 5G 0 disk //新加入的磁盤sdc sr0 11:0 1 8.8G 0 rom
為磁盤分區
[root@centos7 ~ ]#fdisk /dev/sdb Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Command (m for help): n //新建分區 Partition type: p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) e extended Select (default p): p //選擇分區類型 Partition number (1-4, default 1): First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048): Using default value 2048 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-20971519, default 20971519): Using default value 20971519 Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is set Command (m for help): t //選擇標簽 Selected partition 1 Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e // 8e Linux LVM Changed type of partition ‘Linux‘ to ‘Linux LVM‘ Command (m for help): w //保存 The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.同理分出（sdc）分區
[root@centos7 ~ ]#lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 200G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot └─sda2 8:2 0 199G 0 part ├─centos-root 253:0 0 50G 0 lvm / ├─centos-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP] └─centos-home 253:2 0 147G 0 lvm /home sdb 8:16 0 10G 0 disk └─sdb1 8:17 0 10G 0 part sdc 8:32 0 5G 0 disk └─sdc1 8:33 0 5G 0 part sr0 11:0 1 8.8G 0 rom
創建物理卷（PV）pvcreate /dev/sdb1
[root@centos7 ~ ]#pvcreate /dev/sdb1
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.查看物理卷信息（pvdisplay;pvs）
[root@centos7 ~ ]#pvdisplay
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb1
VG Name vg0
PV Size <10.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 2559
Free PE 1279
Allocated PE 1280
PV UUID arm45N-isin-be4N-ob5a-Xwj1-i7Wc-Nwf73e創建卷組（VG） vgcreate vg0 /dev/sdb1
[root@centos7 ~ ]#vgcreate vg0 /dev/sdb1
Volume group "vg0" successfully created查看卷組信息（vgdisplay;vgs）
[root@centos7 ~ ]#vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
centos 1 3 0 wz--n- <199.00g 4.00m
vg0 1 0 0 wz--n- <10.00g <10.00g創建邏輯卷（LV）這裏創建了名稱為lv0，大小5GB的邏輯卷分區；lvcreate -L 5G -n /dev/vg0/lv0 vg0
[root@centos7 ~ ]#lvcreate -L 5G -n /dev/vg0/lv0 vg0
Logical volume "lv0" created.查看邏輯卷信息（lvdisplay;lvs）
[root@centos7 ~ ]#lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
home centos -wi-ao---- 146.99g
root centos -wi-ao---- 50.00g
swap centos -wi-ao---- 2.00g
lv0 vg0 -wi-ao---- 5.00g 使用 mkfs.xfs 格式化為 lv0 的xfs文件系統：
[root@centos7 ~ ]#mkfs.xfs /dev/vg0/lv0
meta-data=/dev/vg0/lv0 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=327680 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=1310720, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0掛載到/data目錄下（你可以掛載到自己需要的目錄下）
[root@centos7 ~ ]#mount /dev/vg0/lv0 /data
[root@centos7 ~ ]#lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 200G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 199G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 50G 0 lvm /
├─centos-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
└─centos-home 253:2 0 147G 0 lvm /home
sdb 8:16 0 10G 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 0 10G 0 part
└─vg0-lv0 253:3 0 5G 0 lvm /data
sdc 8:32 0 5G 0 disk
└─sdc1 8:33 0 5G 0 part
sr0 11:0 1 8.8G 0 rom 設置開機自動掛載，編輯 /etc/fstab 文件，加入最後一行 vim /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Tue Aug 14 16:09:13 2018
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under ‘/dev/disk‘
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/centos-root / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=936ee62c-93ff-4f19-ae07-1112add772b6 /boot xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-home /home xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
UUID=8e7e026a-4025-4cee-ac6d-b3766fef9993 /data xfs defaults 0 0 二、邏輯卷擴容
先使用vgs查看卷組剩余大小，有剩余空間在使用lvextend進行擴容，沒有則要增加磁盤。
[root@centos7 ~ ]#vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg0
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 2
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size <10.00 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 2559
Alloc PE / Size 1280 / 5.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 1279 / <5.00 GiB
VG UUID 501kCS-IukG-st2J-5wUs-R7vQ-JdC9-wPjq0S方法1：lvextend -L +1G /dev/app/app_lv
[root@centos7 ~ ]#lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/vg0/lv0
Size of logical volume vg0/lv0 changed from 5.00 GiB (1280 extents) to <10.00 GiB (2559 extents).
Logical volume vg0/lv0 successfully resized.* 使用resize2f調整ext4格式文件系統大小 resize2fs /dev/app/app_lv
* 如果是xfs格式，使用xfs_growfs調整xfs格式文件系統大小 xfs_growfs /dev/app/app_lv
方法2：合並一條命令 lvextend -r -l +100%FREE /dev/vg0/lv0
[root@centos7 ~ ]#lvextend -r -l +100%FREE /dev/vg0/lv0
Size of logical volume vg0/lv0 unchanged from <10.00 GiB (2559 extents).
Logical volume vg0/lv0 successfully resized.
meta-data=/dev/mapper/vg0-lv0 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=327680 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=1310720, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 1310720 to 2620416 查看分區
[root@centos7 ~ ]#lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 200G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 199G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 50G 0 lvm /
├─centos-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
└─centos-home 253:3 0 147G 0 lvm /home
sdb 8:16 0 10G 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 0 10G 0 part
└─vg0-lv0 253:2 0 10G 0 lvm /data
sdc 8:32 0 5G 0 disk
└─sdc1 8:33 0 5G 0 part
sr0 11:0 1 8.8G 0 rom 三、縮減邏輯卷（ext4格式）
1. 邏輯卷回縮不能在線進行，所以先卸載已經掛載的邏輯卷並檢測文件系統
使用umount卸載 umount /dev/app/app_lv
[root@centos7 ~ ]#umount /dev/vg0/lv0
使用e2fsck檢測文件系統 e2fsck -f /dev/app/app_lv
[root@centos7 ~ ]#e2fsck -f /dev/vg0/lv0
e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/vg0/lv0: 11/655360 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 83137/2620416 blocks2. 使用resize2fs縮小文件系統為5G resize2f /dev/app/app_lv 5G
[root@centos7 ~ ]#resize2fs /dev/vg0/lv0 1G
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/vg0/lv0 to 262144 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg0/lv0 is now 262144 blocks long.3. 使用lvreduce 縮小邏輯卷，上面要縮小到1G，原先是10G，所以這裏減少9G lvreduce -L 1G /dev/vg0/lv0
[root@centos7 ~ ]#lvreduce -L 1G /dev/vg0/lv0
WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 1.00 GiB.
THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Do you really want to reduce vg0/lv0? [y/n]: y
Size of logical volume vg0/lv0 changed from <10.00 GiB (2559 extents) to 1.00 GiB (256 extents).
Logical volume vg0/lv0 successfully resized.
[root@centos7 ~ ]#lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 200G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 199G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 50G 0 lvm /
├─centos-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
└─centos-home 253:3 0 147G 0 lvm /home
sdb 8:16 0 10G 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 0 10G 0 part
└─vg0-lv0 253:2 0 1G 0 lvm
sdc 8:32 0 5G 0 disk
└─sdc1 8:33 0 5G 0 part
sr0 11:0 1 8.8G 0 rom4. 掛載邏輯卷 mount /dev/vg0/lv0 /data
[root@centos7 ~ ]#mount /dev/vg0/lv0 /data四、邏輯卷刪除
1. 先卸載你要刪除的邏輯卷 umount /dev/app/app_lv
[root@centos7 ~ ]#umount /dev/vg0/lv0 2. 使用lvremove刪除邏輯卷LV lvremove /dev/vg0/lv0
[root@centos7 ~ ]#lvremove /dev/vg0/lv0
Do you really want to remove active logical volume vg0/lv0? [y/n]: y
Logical volume "lv0" successfully removed3. 驗證邏輯卷是否刪除 lvdisplay | grep "/dev/vg0/lv0"
[root@centos7 ~ ]#lvdisplay | grep "/dev/vg0/lv0"
4. 先使用vgchange關閉VG vgchange -a n vg0
[root@centos7 ~ ]#vgchange -a n vg0
0 logical volume(s) in volume group "vg0" now active5.使用vgremove刪除卷組VG vgremove /dev/vg0
[root@centos7 ~ ]#vgremove /dev/vg0
Volume group "vg0" successfully removed6.使用pvremove刪除物理卷PV pvremove /dev/sdb1
[root@centos7 ~ ]#pvremove /dev/sdb1
___ Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully wiped.LVM （邏輯卷）的增加、擴容、縮小、刪除操作