1. 程式人生 > >狄慧201771010104《面向對象程序設計(java)》第七周學習總結

狄慧201771010104《面向對象程序設計(java)》第七周學習總結

att 訪問權限 test 語法 list bob 編譯 args gets

實驗七繼承附加實驗

實驗時間 2018-10-11

、實驗目的與要求

(1)進一步理解4個成員訪問權限修飾符的用途;

(2)掌握Object類的常用API用法;

(3)掌握ArrayList類用法與常用API;

(4)掌握枚舉類使用方法;

(5)結合本章知識,理解繼承與多態性兩個面向對象程序設計特征,並體會其優點;

(6)熟練掌握Java語言中基於類、繼承技術構造程序的語法知識(ch1-ch5);

(7)利用已掌握Java語言程序設計知識,學習設計開發含有1個主類、2個以上用戶自定義類的應用程序。

二、實驗內容和步驟

實驗1 補充以下程序中主類內main方法體,以驗證四種權限修飾符的用法。

public class TEST1 {

private String t1 = "這是TEST1的私有屬性";

public String t2 = "這是TEST1的公有屬性";

protected String t3 = "這是TEST1受保護的屬性";

String t4 = "這是TEST1的默認屬性";

private void tese1() {

System.out.println("我是TEST1用private修飾符修飾的方法");

}

public void tese2() {

System.out.println("我是TEST1用public修飾符修飾的方法");

}

protected void tese3() {

System.out.println("我是TEST1用protected修飾符修飾的方法");

}

void tese4() {

System.out.println("我是TEST1無修飾符修飾的方法");

}

}

public class TEST2 extends TEST1{

private String e1 = "這是TEST2的私有屬性";

public String e2 = "這是TEST2的公有屬性";

protected String e3 = "這是TEST2受保護的屬性";

String e4 = "這是TEST2的默認屬性";

public void demo1() {

System.out.println("我是TEST2用public修飾符修飾的方法");

}

private void demo2() {

System.out.println("我是TEST2用private修飾符修飾的方法");

}

protected void demo3() {

System.out.println("我是TEST2用protected修飾符修飾的方法");

}

void demo4() {

System.out.println("我是TEST2無修飾符修飾的方法");

}

}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

TEST2 test2 = new TEST2();

/*以下設計代碼分別調用 demo1 demo2 demo3 demo4 test1 test2 test3 test4方法和t1 t2 t3 t3 e1 e2 e3 e4屬性,結合程序運行結果理解繼承和權限修飾符的用法與區別*/

}

}

public class TEST1 {
      private String t1="這是TEST1私有屬性";
      public String t2="這是TEST1共有屬性";
      protected String t3="這是TEST1受保護的屬性";
      String t4="這是TEST1的默認屬性";
      private void tese1() {
          System.out.println("我是TEST1用private修飾符修飾的方法");
      }
      public void tese2() {
          System.out.println("我是TEST1用public修飾符修飾的方法");
      }
      protected void tese3() {
          System.out.println("我是TEST1用protected修飾符修飾的方法");
      }
      void tese4() {
          System.out.println("我是TEST1無修飾符修飾的方法");
      }
}
public class TEST2 extends TEST1 {
      private String e1="這是TEST1私有屬性";
      public String e2="這是TEST1共有屬性";
      protected String e3="這是TEST1受保護的屬性";
      String e4="這是TEST1的默認屬性";
      public void demo1() {
          System.out.println("我是TEST2用public修飾符修飾的方法");
      }
      private void demo2() {
          System.out.println("我是TEST2用private修飾符修飾的方法");
      }
      protected void demo3() {
          System.out.println("我是TEST2用protected修飾符修飾的方法");
      }
      void demo4() {
          System.out.println("我是TEST2無修飾符修飾的方法");
      }
}
public class Main {
 
    public static  void main(String[] args) {
        TEST2 test2=new TEST2();
        /*下面分別調用demo1 demo2 demo3 demo4 test1 test2 test3 test4方法和t1 t2 t3 t4 e1 e2 e3 e4屬性,理解繼承和權限的用法和區別*/
        test.demo1();
test.demo3();
test.demo4();
test.tese2();
test.tese3();
test.tese4();

System.out.println(test.t2);
System.out.println(test.t3);
System.out.println(test.t4);
System.out.println(test.e2);
System.out.println(test.e3);
System.out.println(test.e4); } }

技術分享圖片

實驗2 第五章測試程序反思,繼承知識總結。

測試程序1:

? 編輯、編譯、調試運行教材程序5-8、5-9、5-10(教材174頁-177頁);

? 結合程序運行結果,理解程序代碼,掌握Object類的定義及用法;

package equals;

import java.time.*;
import java.util.Objects;

public class Employee
{
   private String name;
   private double salary;
   private LocalDate hireDay;

   public Employee(String name, double salary, int year, int month, int day)
   {
      this.name = name;
      this.salary = salary;
      hireDay = LocalDate.of(year, month, day);
   }

   public String getName()
   {
      return name;
   }

   public double getSalary()
   {
      return salary;
   }

   public LocalDate getHireDay()
   {
      return hireDay;
   }

   public void raiseSalary(double byPercent)//加薪
   {
      double raise = salary * byPercent / 100;
      salary += raise;
   }

   public boolean equals(Object otherObject)//相同類(對象 其他對象)
   {
      // a quick test to see if the objects are identical(一個快速檢測對象是否一樣)
      if (this == otherObject) return true;//如果此對象是其他對象,返回true

      // must return false if the explicit parameter is null(如果明確的參數是空的,必須返回false)
      if (otherObject == null) return false;//如果其他對象是空的,返回false

      // if the classes don‘t match, they can‘t be equal(如果類不能匹配,他們不相同)
      if (getClass() != otherObject.getClass()) return false;//這個類和其他類不匹配

      // now we know otherObject is a non-null Employee(現在我們知道其他類是一個非空的雇員類)
      Employee other = (Employee) otherObject;

      // test whether the fields have identical values(測驗是否此域有同樣的標準)
      return Objects.equals(name, other.name) && salary == other.salary && Objects.equals(hireDay, other.hireDay);
   }//返回對象相同姓名、薪水、入職時間(這個,另一個)

   public int hashCode()//創建類整型  重新的編碼
   {
      return Objects.hash(name, salary, hireDay); 
   }

   public String toString()
   {
      return getClass().getName() + "[name=" + name + ",salary=" + salary + ",hireDay=" + hireDay
            + "]";
   }
}
package equals;

/**
 * This program demonstrates the equals method.
 * @version 1.12 2012-01-26
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class EqualsTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      Employee alice1 = new Employee("Alice Adams", 75000, 1987, 12, 15);
      Employee alice2 = alice1;
      Employee alice3 = new Employee("Alice Adams", 75000, 1987, 12, 15);
      Employee bob = new Employee("Bob Brandson", 50000, 1989, 10, 1);

      System.out.println("alice1 == alice2: " + (alice1 == alice2));

      System.out.println("alice1 == alice3: " + (alice1 == alice3));

      System.out.println("alice1.equals(alice3): " + alice1.equals(alice3));

      System.out.println("alice1.equals(bob): " + alice1.equals(bob));

      System.out.println("bob.toString(): " + bob);

      Manager carl = new Manager("Carl Cracker", 80000, 1987, 12, 15);
      Manager boss = new Manager("Carl Cracker", 80000, 1987, 12, 15);
      boss.setBonus(5000);
      System.out.println("boss.toString(): " + boss);
      System.out.println("carl.equals(boss): " + carl.equals(boss));
      System.out.println("alice1.hashCode(): " + alice1.hashCode());
      System.out.println("alice3.hashCode(): " + alice3.hashCode());
      System.out.println("bob.hashCode(): " + bob.hashCode());
      System.out.println("carl.hashCode(): " + carl.hashCode());
   }
}
package equals;

public class Manager extends Employee
{
   private double bonus;

   public Manager(String name, double salary, int year, int month, int day)
   {
      super(name, salary, year, month, day);
      bonus = 0;
   }

   public double getSalary()
   {
      double baseSalary = super.getSalary();
      return baseSalary + bonus;
   }

   public void setBonus(double bonus)
   {
      this.bonus = bonus;
   }

   public boolean equals(Object otherObject)
   {
      if (!super.equals(otherObject)) return false;
      Manager other = (Manager) otherObject;
      // super.equals checked that this and other belong to the same class
      return bonus == other.bonus;
   }

   public int hashCode()
   {
      return java.util.Objects.hash(super.hashCode(), bonus);
   }

   public String toString()
   {
      return super.toString() + "[bonus=" + bonus + "]";
   }
}

技術分享圖片

測試程序2:

? 編輯、編譯、調試運行教材程序5-11(教材182頁);

? 結合程序運行結果,理解程序代碼,掌握ArrayList類的定義及用法;

package arrayList;

import java.util.*;

/**
 * This program demonstrates the ArrayList class.
 * @version 1.11 2012-01-26
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class ArrayListTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      // fill the staff array list with three Employee objects
      ArrayList<Employee> staff = new ArrayList<>();

      staff.add(new Employee("Carl Cracker", 75000, 1987, 12, 15));
      staff.add(new Employee("Harry Hacker", 50000, 1989, 10, 1));
      staff.add(new Employee("Tony Tester", 40000, 1990, 3, 15));

      // raise everyone‘s salary by 5%
      for (Employee e : staff)
         e.raiseSalary(5);

      // print out information about all Employee objects
      for (Employee e : staff)
         System.out.println("name=" + e.getName() + ",salary=" + e.getSalary() + ",hireDay="
               + e.getHireDay());
   }
}
package arrayList;

import java.time.*;

public class Employee
{
   private String name;
   private double salary;
   private LocalDate hireDay;

   public Employee(String name, double salary, int year, int month, int day)
   {
      this.name = name;
      this.salary = salary;
      hireDay = LocalDate.of(year, month, day);
   }

   public String getName()
   {
      return name;
   }

   public double getSalary()
   {
      return salary;
   }

   public LocalDate getHireDay()
   {
      return hireDay;
   }

   public void raiseSalary(double byPercent)
   {
      double raise = salary * byPercent / 100;
      salary += raise;
   }
}

技術分享圖片

測試程序3:

? 編輯、編譯、調試運行程序5-12(教材189頁);

? 結合運行結果,理解程序代碼,掌握枚舉類的定義及用法;

package enums;

import java.util.*;

/**
 * This program demonstrates enumerated types.
 * @version 1.0 2004-05-24
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class EnumTest
{  
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {  
      Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
      System.out.print("Enter a size: (SMALL, MEDIUM, LARGE, EXTRA_LARGE) ");
      String input = in.next().toUpperCase();
      Size size = Enum.valueOf(Size.class, input);
      System.out.println("size=" + size);
      System.out.println("abbreviation=" + size.getAbbreviation());
      if (size == Size.EXTRA_LARGE)
         System.out.println("Good job--you paid attention to the _.");      
   }
}

enum Size
{
   SMALL("S"), MEDIUM("M"), LARGE("L"), EXTRA_LARGE("XL");

   private Size(String abbreviation) { this.abbreviation = abbreviation; }
   public String getAbbreviation() { return abbreviation; }

   private String abbreviation;
}

技術分享圖片

實驗3:采用個人賬號登錄https://pintia.cn/,完成《2018秋季西北師範大學面向對象程序設計(Java)(ch1-ch5)測試題2》,測試時間60分鐘;

實驗4: 課後完成實驗3未完成的測試內容。

三、實驗總結:

通過本次實驗我學習了Object類的定義及用法,掌握了ArrayList類的定義及用法,也掌握了枚舉類的定義及用法,知道了繼承最大的特點就是代碼重用,讓代碼變得簡潔,讓我又積累了優化代碼的方法。同時也進一步加深了對4個成員訪問權限修飾符的用途的理解。

狄慧201771010104《面向對象程序設計(java)》第七周學習總結