1、下載Oracle RPM安裝包

從官網選擇rpm格式的安裝包，下載即可。如下圖：

2、使用yum安裝

我這裏使用的為oracle linux，軟件源用的是oracle軟件源，安裝如下：

[root@odb03 ~]# yum -y localinstall /u02/oracle-database-ee-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm 

RPM安裝默認的目錄為/opt，安裝前確保/opt擁有足夠的空間。

3、配置Oracle 18c數據庫

安裝完成後，會產生兩個文件：一個是管理oracle服務的腳本(/etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c)，另一個是定義數據文件存放路徑的文件(/etc/sysconfig/oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c.conf)。

[root@odb03 ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/oracledb_testdb-18c.conf 
#This is a configuration file to setup the Oracle Database.
#It is used when running ‘/etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB configure‘.
#Please use this file to modify the default listener port and the
#Oracle data location.

# LISTENER_PORT: Database listener
LISTENER_PORT=1521

# ORACLE_DATA_LOCATION: Database oradata location
ORACLE_DATA_LOCATION=/u03/oradata

# EM_EXPRESS_PORT: Oracle EM Express listener
EM_EXPRESS_PORT=5500
[root@odb03 ~]# vi /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c 
#!/bin/bash
#
# chkconfig: 2345 80 05
# Description: This script is responsible for taking care of configuring the Oracle Database and its associated services.
#
# processname: oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c
# Red Hat or SuSE config: /etc/sysconfig/oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c
#

# Set path if path not set
case $PATH in
        "") PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/etc
                 export PATH ;;
esac

# Check if the root user is running this script
if [ $(id -u) != "0" ]
then
        echo "You must be root user to run the configurations script. Login as root user and try again."
        exit 1
fi

# Setting the required environment variables
export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/18c/dbhome_1

export ORACLE_VERSION=18c
export ORACLE_SID=testdb
export TEMPLATE_NAME=General_Purpose.dbc
export CHARSET=AL32UTF8
export PDB_NAME=kettel
export LISTENER_NAME=LISTENER
export NUMBER_OF_PDBS=1
export CREATE_AS_CDB=true
......
 

修改完成後，執行/etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c configure命令創建數據庫實例以及監聽，如下：

[root@odb03 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c configure
Configuring Oracle Database testdb.
Prepare for db operation
8% complete
Copying database files
31% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
32% complete
36% complete
40% complete
43% complete
46% complete
Completing Database Creation
51% complete
54% complete
Creating Pluggable Databases
58% complete
77% complete
Executing Post Configuration Actions
100% complete
Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:
 /opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/testdb.
Database Information:
Global Database Name:testdb
System Identifier(SID):testdb
Look at the log file "/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/testdb/testdb.log" for further details.

Database configuration completed successfully. The passwords were auto generated, you must change them by connecting to the database using ‘sqlplus / as sysdba‘ as the oracle user.
 

其實，這個configure就是調用dbca的靜默模式創建數據庫實例。創建完成後，根據上面的提示修改系統用戶的密碼即可。

Installing Oracle Database 18c Using RPM Packages