本文為印度馬德拉斯大學（作者：Sudarsan Krishnan）的碩士論文，共93頁。

全球變暖是人類面臨的最重要問題之一。海冰的深度和廣度是全球變暖的明顯指標。海冰積雪是影響海冰體積和間接全球變暖的一個重要變數。堪薩斯大學的雷達和遙感實驗室開發了一種超寬頻調頻連續波雷達，用於測定海冰上的雪層厚度。

在任何雷達系統中，包括雪層測量雷達，來自介質的回波訊號被雷達系統本身的影響所破壞，同時也受到面散射和體散射的影響。因此，不能夠直接分析雷達回波訊號。本文研究的重點是對雪層測量雷達進行數值分析和模擬，包括系統效應和散射效應。通過將點擴充套件函式引入到模擬中來考慮系統的影響，點擴充套件函式是通過使用原型雷達的經驗測量和校準來確定的。面散射和體散射的影響從理論上進行了建模，也被納入到模擬試驗中。

本文完成的研究將有助於我們分析實際的雷達回波，並通過去卷積消除系統以及表散射和體散射的影響。對雷達回波進行去卷積，能夠很準確地提取出雪層的距離資訊。

Global warming is one of the most importantissues facing humanity. The depth and extent of sea-ice are clear indicators ofglobal warming. Snow cover on sea-ice is an important variable that affects thevolume of sea-ice and indirectly global warming as a whole. The Radar andRemote Sensing laboratory at the University of Kansas has developedan Ultra Wideband Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave Radar to determine snowthickness over sea-ice. In any radar system, including the snow radar, thereturn signal from the medium is corrupted by the effects of the radar system itself,and also by the effects of surface and volume scattering. Therefore, the returnsignal cannot be analyzed directly. The research described here focuses on anumerical analysis and simulation of the snow-radar that includes the effectsof the system and those of scattering. The system effects are accounted for byincluding the point-spread function into the simulation. The Point SpreadFunction is determined by empirical measurement and calibration using theprototype radar. The effects of surface and volume scattering are modeled fromtheory and are also incorporated into the simulation. This research completedhere will help us in analyzing the actual radar returns and in deconvolving theeffects of the system and the effects of surface and volume scattering. Theapplication of deconvolution on the radar return signal will help in extractingrange information easily as the layers will be clear.

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