1、關機命令  

Init 0

2、重啟命令

Init 6

3、管道符號  |    ---把前一個命令的輸出結果傳遞給後一個命令處理

      以下命令支援放在管道符號後面：more  、head、grep、wc

 eg.

     cat /etc/passwd |grep  ‘root’

      cat /etc/passwd |head -3

       cat /etc/passwd |more

[[email protected] ~]$ ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:22:70:C2  
          inet addr:192.168.235.129  Bcast:192.168.235.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe22:70c2/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:67 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:62 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:8563 (8.3 KiB)  TX bytes:8813 (8.6 KiB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:240 (240.0 b)  TX bytes:240 (240.0 b)

[
 
[email protected] ~]$ ifconfig | grep 'inet addr'
          inet addr:192.168.235.129  Bcast:192.168.235.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
[[email protected] ~]$ 

4、追加\覆蓋       >>     >       --把前一個命令的輸出結果追加\覆蓋到某個檔案

[[email protected] ~]$ ifconfig | grep 'inet addr' >>/home/dalianmao/test.txt
[[email protected] ~]$ vi test.txt 
[[email protected] ~]$ cat test.txt 
          inet addr:192.168.235.129  Bcast:192.168.235.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
[[email protected] ~]$ ifconfig | grep 'inet addr' >>/home/dalianmao/test.txt
[[email protected] ~]$ cat test.txt 
          inet addr:192.168.235.129  Bcast:192.168.235.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet addr:192.168.235.129  Bcast:192.168.235.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
[[email protected] ~]$ ifconfig | grep 'inet addr' > /home/dalianmao/test.txt
[[email protected] ~]$ cat test.txt 
          inet addr:192.168.235.129  Bcast:192.168.235.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0

5. vi 命令小技巧

查詢  / 字元

例如： 

   鍵入 /sbin  

   按n： 有多個時向下查詢

   按N：有多個時向上查詢

[[email protected] /]$ vi /tmp/passwd

  1 root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
  2 bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
  3 daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
  1 root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
  2 bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
  3 daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
  4 adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
  5 lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
  6 sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
  7 shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
  8 halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
  9 mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin
 10 uucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sbin/nologin
 11 operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
 12 games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin
 13 gopher:x:13:30:gopher:/var/gopher:/sbin/nologin
 14 ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin
 15 nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin
 16 dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin
 17 usbmuxd:x:113:113:usbmuxd user:/:/sbin/nologin
 18 vcsa:x:69:69:virtual console memory owner:/dev:/sbin/nologin
 19 rtkit:x:499:497:RealtimeKit:/proc:/sbin/nologin
 20 avahi-autoipd:x:170:170:Avahi IPv4LL Stack:/var/lib/avahi-autoipd:/sbin/nologin
 21 abrt:x:173:173::/etc/abrt:/sbin/nologin
 22 haldaemon:x:68:68:HAL daemon:/:/sbin/nologin
 23 gdm:x:42:42::/var/lib/gdm:/sbin/nologin
 24 ntp:x:38:38::/etc/ntp:/sbin/nologin
 25 apache:x:48:48:Apache:/var/www:/sbin/nologin
 26 saslauth:x:498:76:"Saslauthd user":/var/empty/saslauth:/sbin/nologin
 27 postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin
 28 pulse:x:497:496:PulseAudio System Daemon:/var/run/pulse:/sbin/nologin
 29 sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
 30 tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin
 31 dalianmao:x:500:500:dalianmao:/home/dalianmao:/bin/bash
 32 mysql:x:27:27:MySQL Server:/var/lib/mysql:/bin/bash
 33 mongod:x:496:493:mongod:/var/lib/mongo:/bin/false
 34 redis:x:495:492:Redis Database Server:/var/lib/redis:/sbin/nologin
/sbin   

6、wc  -l 統計行

[[email protected] ~]$ cat /tmp/passwd |grep 'root'
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
[[email protected] ~]$ cat /tmp/passwd |grep 'root' |wc -l
2