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Android手機儲存路徑

手機儲存

手機分為內部儲存和外部儲存

1、內部儲存

主要方法 路徑
Environment.getDataDirectory() /data
Environment.getDownloadCacheDirectory() /cache
Environment.getRootDirectory() /system

這裡的內部儲存對應的就是手機QQ的手機記憶體,路徑為

Environment.getDataDirectory().getParentFile()

就是根目錄,這個目錄下還有一些私密的資料,比如:databases(資料庫)、shared_prefs(SharedPreferences)等

注:沒有root的手機不能開啟該資料夾

2、外部儲存

外部儲存又分為SD卡和擴充套件卡記憶體

(1)SD卡

獲取路徑方式是

Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() /storage/sdcard0
方法 路徑
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_ALARMS) /storage/sdcard0/Alarms
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_DCIM) /storage/sdcard0/DCIM
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS) /storage/sdcard0/Download
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_MOVIES) /storage/sdcard0/Movies
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_MUSIC) /storage/sdcard0/Music
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_NOTIFICATIONS) /storage/sdcard0/Notifications
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_PICTURES) /storage/sdcard0/Pictures
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_PODCASTS) /storage/sdcard0/Podcasts
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_RINGTONES) /storage/sdcard0/Ringtones

上面的九個方法對應的就是SD卡的九大公有目錄,Google官方建議我們資料應該儲存在私有目錄下,不建議儲存在公有目錄下或其他地方

那什麼是私有目錄呢?
就是在外部儲存的App的包名下,如:

/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/cwj.test(包名)/files/test
方法 路徑
getExternalFilesDir() /storage/emulated/0/Android/data/cwj.test(包名)/files/test
getExternalCacheDir /storage/emulated/0/Android/data/cwj.test(包名)/cache/test

一般情況下有包名的路徑我們都是呼叫Context中的方法來獲得,沒有包名的路徑,我們直接呼叫Environment中的方法獲得。

(2)擴充套件卡記憶體

擴充套件記憶體就是我們插入的外接SD卡,獲取擴充套件記憶體的路徑有點難度,不過Google很牛逼,哈哈,程式碼如下:

private static String getExtendedMemoryPath(Context mContext) {  

      StorageManager mStorageManager = (StorageManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.STORAGE_SERVICE);
        Class<?> storageVolumeClazz = null;
        try {
            storageVolumeClazz = Class.forName("android.os.storage.StorageVolume");
            Method getVolumeList = mStorageManager.getClass().getMethod("getVolumeList");
            Method getPath = storageVolumeClazz.getMethod("getPath");
            Method isRemovable = storageVolumeClazz.getMethod("isRemovable");
            Object result = getVolumeList.invoke(mStorageManager);
            final int length = Array.getLength(result);
            for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
                Object storageVolumeElement = Array.get(result, i);
                String path = (String) getPath.invoke(storageVolumeElement);
                boolean removable = (Boolean) isRemovable.invoke(storageVolumeElement);
                if (removable) {
                    return path;
                }
            }
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
}
 

該方法主要是通過反射的方式使用在sdk中被 隱藏 的類 StroageVolume 中的方法getVolumeList(),獲取外部儲存的路徑。

路徑測試:

Log.e("cwj", "外接SD卡路徑 = " + getStoragePath(this));
Log.e("cwj", "內建SD卡路徑 = " + Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath());
Log.e("cwj", "手機記憶體根目錄路徑  = " + Environment.getDataDirectory().getParentFile().getAbsolutePath());

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