最小二乘法進行曲線擬合 Python
阿新 • • 發佈:2018-11-08
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本文不手動實現最小二乘,呼叫scipy庫中實現好的相關優化函式。
考慮如下的含有4個引數的函式式:
f
構造資料
import numpy as npfrom scipy import optimizeimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltdef logistic4(x, A, B, C, D): return (A-D)/(1+(x/C)**B)+Ddef residuals(p, y, x): A, B, C, D = p return y - logisctic4(x, A, B, C, D)def peval (x, p): A, B, C, D = p return logistic4(x, A, B, C, D) A, B, C, D = .5, 2.5, 8, 7.3x = np.linspace(0, 20, 20)y_true = logistic4(x, A, B, C, D)y_meas = y_true + 0.2 * np.random.randn(len(y_true))
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呼叫工具箱函式,進行優化
p0 = [1/2]*4plesq = optimize.leastsq(residuals, p0, args=(y_meas, x)) # leastsq函式的功能其實是根據誤差(y_meas-y_true) # 估計模型(也即函式)的引數
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繪圖
plt.figure(figsize=(6, 4.5))plt.plot(x, peval(x, plesq[0]), x, y_meas, 'o', x, y_true)plt.legend(['Fit', 'Noisy', 'True'], loc='upper left')plt.title('least square for the noisy data (measurements)')for i, (param, true, est) in enumerate(zip('ABCD', [A, B, C, D], plesq[0])): plt.text(11, 2-i*.5, '{} = {:.2f}, est({:.2f}) = {:.2f}'.format(param, true, param, est))plt.savefig('./logisitic.png')plt.show()
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