java動態生成帶下拉框的Excel匯入模板
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-11-09
在實際開發中，由於業務需要，常常需要進行Excel匯入匯出操作。以前做一些簡單的匯入時，先準備一個模板，再進行匯入，單有十幾、
二十幾個匯入模板時，往往要做十幾、二十幾個模板。而且，當在模板中需要有下拉框，而且下拉資料要實時查詢時，這樣的方法就不太好了；
現在，做成了動態生成匯入模板，只要引數傳對了，就可以生成任何我們想要的匯入模板，而且隨意設定下拉框的數目、位置。
具體步驟如下：
1、需要用到的jar包：
poi-3.10-FINAL.jar
poi-ooxml-3.10-FINAL.jar
poi-ooxml-schemas-3.10-FINAL.jar
gradle引入：
compile group: 'org.apache.poi', name: 'poi', version: '3.10'
compile group: 'org.apache.poi', name: 'poi-ooxml', version: '3.10-FINAL'
2、生成Excel匯入模板 :
/**
* @Title: createExcelTemplate
* @Description: 生成Excel匯入模板
* @param @param filePath Excel檔案路徑
* @param @param handers Excel列標題(陣列)
* @param @param downData 下拉框資料(陣列)
* @param @param downRows 下拉列的序號(陣列,序號從0開始)
* @return void
* @throws
*/
private static void createExcelTemplate(String filePath, String[] handers,
List<String[]> downData, String[] downRows){
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();//建立工作薄
//表頭樣式
HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER); // 建立一個居中格式
//字型樣式
HSSFFont fontStyle = wb.createFont();
fontStyle.setFontName("微軟雅黑");
fontStyle.setFontHeightInPoints((short)12);
fontStyle.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
style.setFont(fontStyle);
//新建sheet
HSSFSheet sheet1 = wb.createSheet("Sheet1");
HSSFSheet sheet2 = wb.createSheet("Sheet2");
HSSFSheet sheet3 = wb.createSheet("Sheet3");
//生成sheet1內容
HSSFRow rowFirst = sheet1.createRow(0);//第一個sheet的第一行為標題
//寫標題
for(int i=0;i<handers.length;i++){
HSSFCell cell = rowFirst.createCell(i); //獲取第一行的每個單元格
sheet1.setColumnWidth(i, 4000); //設定每列的列寬
cell.setCellStyle(style); //加樣式
cell.setCellValue(handers[i]); //往單元格里寫資料
}
//設定下拉框資料
String[] arr = {"A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I","J","K","L","M","N","O","P","Q","R","S","T","U","V","W","X","Y","Z"};
int index = 0;
HSSFRow row = null;
for(int r=0;r<downRows.length;r++){
String[] dlData = downData.get(r);//獲取下拉物件
int rownum = Integer.parseInt(downRows[r]);
if(dlData.length<5){ //255以內的下拉
//255以內的下拉,引數分別是：作用的sheet、下拉內容陣列、起始行、終止行、起始列、終止列
sheet1.addValidationData(setDataValidation(sheet1, dlData, 1, 50000, rownum ,rownum)); //超過255個報錯
} else { //255以上的下拉，即下拉列表元素很多的情況
//1、設定有效性
//String strFormula = "Sheet2!$A$1:$A$5000" ; //Sheet2第A1到A5000作為下拉列表來源資料
String strFormula = "Sheet2!$"+arr[index]+"$1:$"+arr[index]+"$5000"; //Sheet2第A1到A5000作為下拉列表來源資料
sheet2.setColumnWidth(r, 4000); //設定每列的列寬
//設定資料有效性載入在哪個單元格上,引數分別是：從sheet2獲取A1到A5000作為一個下拉的資料、起始行、終止行、起始列、終止列
sheet1.addValidationData(SetDataValidation(strFormula, 1, 50000, rownum, rownum)); //下拉列表元素很多的情況
//2、生成sheet2內容
for(int j=0;j<dlData.length;j++){
if(index==0){ //第1個下拉選項，直接建立行、列
row = sheet2.createRow(j); //建立資料行
sheet2.setColumnWidth(j, 4000); //設定每列的列寬
row.createCell(0).setCellValue(dlData[j]); //設定對應單元格的值
} else { //非第1個下拉選項
int rowCount = sheet2.getLastRowNum();
//System.out.println("========== LastRowNum =========" + rowCount);
if(j<=rowCount){ //前面建立過的行，直接獲取行，建立列
//獲取行，建立列
sheet2.getRow(j).createCell(index).setCellValue(dlData[j]); //設定對應單元格的值
} else { //未建立過的行，直接建立行、建立列
sheet2.setColumnWidth(j, 4000); //設定每列的列寬
//建立行、建立列
sheet2.createRow(j).createCell(index).setCellValue(dlData[j]); //設定對應單元格的值
}
}
}
index++;
}
}
try {
File f = new File(filePath); //寫檔案
//不存在則新增
if(!f.getParentFile().exists()){
f.getParentFile().mkdirs();
}
if(!f.exists()){
f.createNewFile();
}
FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(f);
out.flush();
wb.write(out);
out.close();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
3、設定有效性：
View Code
4、下載指定路徑的Excel檔案：
View Code
5、刪除生成的臨時檔案：
/**
* @Title: delFile
* @Description: 刪除檔案
* @param @param filePath 檔案路徑
* @return void
* @throws
*/
public static void delFile(String filePath) {
java.io.File delFile = new java.io.File(filePath);
delFile.delete();
}
6、示例：
/**
* @Title: getExcelTemplate
* @Description: 生成Excel模板並匯出
* @param @param uuid
* @param @param request
* @param @param response
* @param @return
* @return Data
* @throws
*/
@RequestMapping("/getExcelTemplate")
public void getExcelTemplate(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
String fileName = "員工資訊表"; //模板名稱
String[] handers = {"姓名","性別","證件型別","證件號碼","服務結束時間","參保地","民族"}; //列標題
//下拉框資料
List<String[]> downData = new ArrayList();
String[] str1 = {"男","女","未知"};
String[] str2 = {"北京","上海","廣州","深圳","武漢","長沙","湘潭"};
String[] str3 = {"01-漢族","02-蒙古族","03-回族","04-藏族","05-維吾爾族","06-苗族","07-彝族","08-壯族","09-布依族",
"10-朝鮮族","11-滿族","12-侗族","13-瑤族","14-白族","15-土家族","16-哈尼族","17-哈薩克族","18-傣族","19-黎族","20-傈僳族",
"21-佤族","22-畲族","23-高山族","24-拉祜族","25-水族","26-東鄉族","27-納西族","28-景頗族","29-柯爾克孜族","30-土族",
"31-達斡爾族","32-仫佬族","33-羌族","34-布朗族","35-撒拉族","36-毛難族","37-仡佬族","38-錫伯族","39-阿昌族","40-普米族",
"41-塔吉克族","42-怒族","43-烏孜別克族","44-俄羅斯族","45-鄂溫克族","46-德昂族","47-保安族","48-裕固族","49-京族","50-塔塔爾族",
"51-獨龍族","52-鄂倫春族","53-赫哲族","54-門巴族","55-珞巴族","56-基諾族","98-外國血統","99-其他"};
downData.add(str1);
downData.add(str2);
downData.add(str3);
String [] downRows = {"1","5","6"}; //下拉的列序號陣列(序號從0開始)
try {
ExcelUtil.getExcelTemplate(fileName, handers, downData, downRows, request, response);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("批量匯入資訊異常：" + e.getMessage());
}
}
7、結果如圖：
