問題

我在Linux命令列使用Python的matplotlib，報錯

 File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 1466, in title
    return gca().set_title(s, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 950, in gca
    return gcf().gca(**kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py"
 
, line 586, in gcf
    return figure()
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 535, in figure
    **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_tkagg.py", line 81, in new_figure_manager
    return new_figure_manager_given_figure(num, figure)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_tkagg.py"
 
, line 89, in new_figure_manager_given_figure
    window = Tk.Tk()
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/tkinter/__init__.py", line 1880, in __init__
    self.tk = _tkinter.create(screenName, baseName, className, interactive, wantobjects, useTk, sync, use)
_tkinter.TclError: no display name and no $DISPLAY environment variable

 

解決

我看一了下問題，原因是命令列不能畫圖，而matplotlib預設選擇Xwindows 作為後端，設定一下即可，注意要在匯入pyplot 前就設定好。
錯誤的設定：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('Agg')

正確的設定：

import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('Agg')
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt