python 讀取excel中單元格的內容 

excel檔案內容：

讀取excel程式碼：

# coding=utf-8
import xlrd
import sys

reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
import traceback


class excelHandle:
    def decode(self, filename, sheetname):
        try:
            filename = filename.decode('utf-8')
            sheetname = sheetname.decode('utf-8')
        except Exception:
            print traceback.print_exc()
        return filename, sheetname

    def read_excel(self, filename, sheetname):
        filename, sheetname = self.decode(filename, sheetname)
        rbook = xlrd.open_workbook(filename)
        sheet = rbook.sheet_by_name(sheetname)
        rows = sheet.nrows
        cols = sheet.ncols
        all_content = []
        for i in range(rows):
            row_content = []
            for j in range(cols):
                cell = sheet.cell_value(i, j)
                row_content.append(cell)
            all_content.append(row_content)
            print '[' + ','.join("'" + str(element) + "'" for element in row_content) + ']'
        return all_content


if __name__ == '__main__':
    eh = excelHandle()
    filename = r'G:\test\ctype.xls'
    sheetname = 'Sheet1'
    eh.read_excel(filename, sheetname)
 

輸出 結果：

['整形','175.0']
['字串','最後的騎士']
['浮點型','6.23']
['日期','42909.6461574']
['空值','']
['布林型','1']

可以看到，數字一律按浮點型輸出，日期卻輸出成一串小數？！布林型輸出0或1

程式碼稍做改動：來看一看錶格的資料型別

for i in range(rows):
            row_content = []
            for j in range(cols):
                ctype = sheet.cell(i, j).ctype #表格的資料型別
                print ctype,
                cell = sheet.cell_value(i, j)
                row_content.append(cell)
            all_content.append(row_content)
            print
            print '[' + ','.join("'" + str(element) + "'" for element in row_content) + ']'
 

輸出：

2
['整形','175.0']
1
['字串','最後的騎士']
2
['浮點型','6.23']
3
['日期','42909.6461574']
0
['空值','']
4
['布林型','1']

python讀取excel中單元格的內容返回的有5種類型，即上面例子中的ctype:  

ctype： 0 empty,

1 string,

2 number,

3 date,

4 boolean,

5 error

所以，判斷一下ctype，然後再做相應處理就可以了。

最終的程式碼：

# coding=utf-8
import xlrd
import sys

reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
import traceback
from datetime import datetime
from xlrd import xldate_as_tuple


class excelHandle:
    def decode(self, filename, sheetname):
        try:
            filename = filename.decode('utf-8')
            sheetname = sheetname.decode('utf-8')
        except Exception:
            print traceback.print_exc()
        return filename, sheetname

    def read_excel(self, filename, sheetname):
        filename, sheetname = self.decode(filename, sheetname)
        rbook = xlrd.open_workbook(filename)
        sheet = rbook.sheet_by_name(sheetname)
        rows = sheet.nrows
        cols = sheet.ncols
        all_content = []
        for i in range(rows):
            row_content = []
            for j in range(cols):
                ctype = sheet.cell(i, j).ctype  # 表格的資料型別
                cell = sheet.cell_value(i, j)
                if ctype == 2 and cell % 1 == 0:  # 如果是整形
                    cell = int(cell)
                elif ctype == 3:
                    # 轉成datetime物件
                    date = datetime(*xldate_as_tuple(cell, 0))
                    cell = date.strftime('%Y/%d/%m %H:%M:%S')
                elif ctype == 4:
                    cell = True if cell == 1 else False
                row_content.append(cell)
            all_content.append(row_content)
            print '[' + ','.join("'" + str(element) + "'" for element in row_content) + ']'
        return all_content


if __name__ == '__main__':
    eh = excelHandle()
    filename = r'G:\test\ctype.xls'
    sheetname = 'Sheet1'
    eh.read_excel(filename, sheetname)
 

輸出：

['整形','175']
['字串','最後的騎士']
['浮點型','6.23']
['日期','2017/23/06 15:30:28']
['空值','']
['布林型','True']

更多操作excel可參考：http://www.2cto.com/kf/201501/373655.html

希望對你有幫助！

作者：夜雨西風              致敬

原文地址：http://www.2cto.com/kf/201501/373655.html