Oracle data guard 10g 搭建
Oracle data guard 10g 搭建
1系統常規參數檢查
硬盤
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
內核
[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
[root@localhost grs]# uname -a
版本
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
物理內存
[root@localhost ~]# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
虛擬內存
[root@localhost ~]# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
主機名
[root@localhost ~]# hostname
ip地址
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
2.關閉防火墻服務iptables&SELinux安全策略&郵件服務 sendmail&時間同步服務 NTP
關閉防火墻服務
[root@localhost ~]# service iptables status
防火墻服務2345級別開機都啟動
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list iptables
iptables 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉
chkconfig iptables off 關閉防火墻服務
關閉 SELinux安全策略
[root@localhost ~]# getenforce
a 永久關閉方法 – 需要重啟服務器
修改/etc/selinux/config文件中設置 SELINUX=disabled ，然後重啟服務器
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config
6 SELINUX=disabled
b 臨時關閉方法 – 設置系統參數
使用命令 setenforce 0
setenforce 1 設置 SELinux 成為enforcing模式
setenforce 0 設置 SELinux 成為 permissive模式
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# getenforce
Permissive
關閉郵件服務sendmail
[root@localhost ~]# service sendmail stop
service sendmail stop
chkconfig sendmail off
關閉 NTP時間同步服務
[root@localhost ~]# service ntpd status
ntpd is stopped
service ntpd stop
chkconfig --list ntpd
主庫： ip：10.0.1.103
數據庫sid：grs
Db_unique_name:grs
數據庫安裝路徑：/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
數據文件路徑：/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/
本地歸檔路徑：/u01/app/oracle/archivelog/
備庫： ip：192.168.2.188
數據庫sid：grsdg
Db_unique_name:grsdg
數據庫安裝路徑：/mountdisk2/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
數據文件路徑：/mountdisk2/oracle/oradata/grsdg/-----
/mountdisk2/oracle/oradata/grsdg
本地歸檔路徑：/mountdisk2/oracle/archivelog/
2 準備工作
2.1 設置主庫的force logging模式
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select force_logging from v$database;
FOR
---
NO
SQL> alter database force logging;
Database altered.
SQL> select force_logging from v$database;
FOR
---
YES
alter database no force logging
2.2確認主庫的歸檔模式
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /u01/app/oracle/archivelog/
Oldest online log sequence 253
Next log sequence to archive 255
Current log sequence 255
如果是disable，需要啟動到mount，
然後SQL> alter database archivelog;/noarchivelog
2.3創建主庫密碼文件(如果不存在的話)
[root@localhost ~]# cd /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/
[root@localhost dbs]# ll
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1536 03-24 15:55 orapwgrs
不存在就創建
$ orapwd file=orapwgrs password="987064" entries=10 force=y;
2.4配置主庫standby redo log，並驗證結果
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 4 (‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/redo04.log‘) size 100m;
Database altered.
--刪除該日誌組
SQL> alter database drop standby logfile group 4;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 4 (‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/redo04.log‘) size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile group 4 (‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/redo04.log‘) size 50m
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00301: error in adding log file ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/redo04.log‘ -
file cannot be created
ORA-27038: created file already exists
Additional information: 1
--需要物理刪除
----保證主庫與備庫的日誌大小一樣，
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 4 (‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/redo04.log‘) size 50m;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 5 (‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/redo05.log‘) size 50m;
Database altered.
SQL> select group#, thread#, sequence#, archived, status from v$standby_log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# ARCHIV STATUS
---------- ---------- ---------- ------ --------------------
4 0 0 YES UNASSIGNED
5 0 0 YES UNASSIGNED
SQL> select group#,type,member from v$logfile;
GROUP# TYPE
---------- -------
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/redo03.log
2 ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/redo02.log
1 ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/redo01.log
GROUP# TYPE
---------- -------
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4 STANDBY
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/redo04.log
2.5配置主庫初始化參數文件
SQL> create pfile =‘/u01/app/oracle/pfile_20140504‘ from spfile;
File created.
[root@localhost oracle]# cat pfile_20140506
j2grs.__db_cache_size=1509949440
grs.__db_cache_size=1644167168
grs.__java_pool_size=16777216
grs.__large_pool_size=16777216
grs.__shared_pool_size=452984832
grs.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest=‘/u01/app/oracle/admin/grs/adump‘
*.background_dump_dest=‘/u01/app/oracle/admin/grs/bdump‘
*.compatible=‘10.2.0.1.0‘
*.control_files=‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/control01.ctl‘,‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/control02.ctl‘,‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/control03.ctl‘
*.core_dump_dest=‘/u01/app/oracle/admin/grs/cdump‘
*.db_domain=‘‘
*.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=‘/mountdisk2/oracle/oradata/grsdg‘,‘/u01/app/oradata/grs‘
*.db_name=‘grs‘
*.db_recovery_file_dest=‘/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area‘
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME=‘grs‘
*.dispatchers=‘(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=grsXDB)‘
*.FAL_CLIENT=‘grs‘
*.FAL_SERVER=‘grsdg‘
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG=‘DG_CONFIG=(grs,grsdg)‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=‘LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/archivelog/ arch VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=grs‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=‘SERVICE=grsdg LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=grsdg‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=‘ENABLE‘
*.log_archive_dest_state_2=‘DEFER‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=‘%t_%s_%r.arc‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=30
*.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=‘/mountdisk2/oracle/oradata/grsdg‘,‘/u01/app/oradata/grs‘
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=1073741824
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile=‘EXCLUSIVE‘
*.sga_target=2147483648
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=‘AUTO‘
*.undo_management=‘AUTO‘
*.undo_tablespace=‘UNDOTBS1‘
*.user_dump_dest=‘/u01/app/oracle/admin/grs/udump‘
Arch只支持最高性能模式，
如果standby數據庫處於其他模式，就必須使用lgwr默認來傳輸redo數據
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> create spfile from pfile=‘/u01/app/oracle/pfile_20140504‘;
File created.
SQL> startup;
3 創建主庫相關文件的備份
3.1創建主庫數據文件的物理備份（這裏采用tar方式）
建立目錄
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/grs2
[oracle@localhost oradata]$ tar -cvf grs.tar grs/
grs/
3.2為備庫創建控制文件
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 2147483648 bytes
Fixed Size 2022144 bytes
Variable Size 486540544 bytes
Database Buffers 1644167168 bytes
Redo Buffers 14753792 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE CREATE STANDBY CONTROLFILE AS ‘/u01/app/oracle/control01.ctl‘;
Database altered.
3.3為備庫創建初始化參數文件
SQL> CREATE PFILE=‘/u01/oracle/backup/initgrs2.ora‘ FROM SPFILE;
File created.
3.4 將tar包以及主庫控制文件和參數文件cp到備庫
[root@localhost oradata]# scp -r /u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs [email protected]:/mountdisk2/oracle/oradata/
[root@localhost ~]# scp -r /u01/app/oracle/control01.ctl [email protected]:/mountdisk2/oracle/oradata/
4 設置備庫
4.1解壓主庫數據文件到備庫相應位置
[oracle@localhost oracle]$ tar -xvf grs.tar
grs/
grs/yhq_temp.dbf
grs/cmask01.dbf
grs/undotbs01.dbf
grs/exit
grs/backup
grs/rman_test.dbf
grs/redo04.log
grs/control_backup/
grs/control_backup/control01.ctl
grs/control_backup/control02.ctl
grs/control_backup/control03.ctl
grs/rman_catalog.dbf
[oracle@localhost ~]$ cd /mountdisk2/oracle/oradata/
[oracle@localhost oradata]$ ll
總計 6912
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 05-04 15:36 control01.ctl
drwxr-x--- 2 oracle oinstall 4096 05-04 14:31 grsdg
[oracle@localhost oradata]$ cp control01.ctl /mountdisk2/oracle/oradata/grsdg/control01.ctl
[oracle@localhost oradata]$ cd grsdg/
[root@localhost ~]# scp -r /u01/app/oracle/pfile_20140504 [email protected]:/mountdisk2/oracle/oradata/
[email protected]‘s password:
4.2創建相關沒有的目錄
[oracle@localhost oracle]$ mkdir -p archivelog/archivelog
[oracle@localhost oracle]$ mkdir -p /u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/grs/onlinelog
[oracle@localhost oracle]$
[oracle@localhost oracle]$ pwd
/u02/app/oracle
QL> startup nomount;
ORA-09925: Unable to create audit trail file
Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 9925
SQL> startup mount;
ORA-09925: Unable to create audit trail file
Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 9925
SQL> show parameter audit_file_dest
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
[oracle@localhost oracle]$ mkdir admin
[oracle@localhost oracle]$ cd admin/
[oracle@localhost admin]$ mkdir grs2
[oracle@localhost admin]$ cd grs2/
[oracle@localhost grs2]$ mkdir adump bdump cdump udump
4.3 修改備庫的參數文件
[oracle@localhost oradata]$ cp pfile_20140504 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs
[root@localhost oradata]# cat pfile_20140506
j2grsdg.__db_cache_size=1509949440
grsdg.__db_cache_size=1644167168
grsdg.__java_pool_size=16777216
grsdg.__large_pool_size=16777216
grsdg.__shared_pool_size=452984832
grsdg.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest=‘/mountdisk2/oracle/admin/grsdg/adump‘
*.background_dump_dest=‘/mountdisk2/oracle/admin/grsdg/bdump‘
*.compatible=‘10.2.0.1.0‘
*.control_files=‘/mountdisk2/oracle/oradata/grsdg/grsdgcontrol01.ctl‘,‘/mountdisk2/oracle/oradata/grsdg/grsdgcontrol02.ctl‘,‘/mountdisk2/oracle/oradata/grsdg/grsdgcontrol03.ctl‘
*.core_dump_dest=‘/mountdisk2/oracle/admin/grsdg/cdump‘
*.db_domain=‘‘
*.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=‘/u01/app/oradata/grs‘,‘/mountdisk2/oracle/oradata/grsdg‘
*.db_name=‘grs‘
*.db_recovery_file_dest=‘/mountdisk2/oracle/flash_recovery_area‘
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME=‘grsdg‘
*.dispatchers=‘(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=grsXDB)‘
*.FAL_CLIENT=‘grsdg‘
*.FAL_SERVER=‘grs‘
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG=‘DG_CONFIG=(grs,grsdg)‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=‘LOCATION=/mountdisk2/oracle/archivelog/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=grsdg‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=‘SERVICE=grs LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=grs‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=‘ENABLE‘
*.log_archive_dest_state_2=‘DEFER‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=‘%t_%s_%r.arc‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=30
*.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=‘/u01/app/oradata/grs‘,‘/mountdisk2/oracle/oradata/grsdg‘
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=1073741824
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile=‘EXCLUSIVE‘
*.sga_target=2147483648
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=‘AUTO‘
*.undo_management=‘AUTO‘
*.undo_tablespace=‘UNDOTBS1‘
*.user_dump_dest=‘/mountdisk2/oracle/admin/grsdg/udump‘
[root@localhost oradata]#
4.4創建備庫密碼文件
[root@localhost ~]# scp -r /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwgrs [email protected]:/mountdisk2/oracle/oradata/
復制密碼文件到備庫
[oracle@localhost oradata]$ mv orapwgrs /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwgrsdg
[oracle@localhost grs2]$ orapwd file=/u02/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwgrs2 password="987064" entries=10 force=y;
5創建主備庫監聽及tnsnames文件
5.1創建文件
[oracle@localhost admin]$ cp -p /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora /u02/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/
[oracle@localhost admin]$ cp -p /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora /u02/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/
修改監聽文件
[oracle@localhost admin]$ vi listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u02/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = Oracle8)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u02/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME = grs2)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.2.185)(PORT = 1521))
)
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
)
)
[oracle@localhost admin]$ vi tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
GRS2 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.2.185)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = grs2)
)
)
EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID = PLSExtProc)
(PRESENTATION = RO)
)
)
主庫
[oracle@localhost ~]$ tnsping 192.168.2.188
TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 04-MAY-2014 15:57:47
Copyright (c) 1997, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Used parameter files:
Used HOSTNAME adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION=(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=192.168.2.188))(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.2.188)(PORT=1521)))
OK (40 msec)
[oracle@localhost ~]$ tnsping grsdg
TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 04-MAY-2014 17:49:16
Copyright (c) 1997, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Used parameter files:
Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.2.188)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = grsdg)))
OK (10 msec)
備庫
[oracle@localhost admin]$ tnsping 10.0.1.103
TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 04-MAY-2014 15:56:57
Copyright (c) 1997, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Used parameter files:
/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora
Used HOSTNAME adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION=(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=10.0.1.103))(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=10.0.1.103)(PORT=1521)))
OK (0 msec)
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ tnsping grs
TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 04-MAY-2014 17:53:47
Copyright (c) 1997, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Used parameter files:
/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora
TNS-03505: Failed to resolve name
[oracle@localhost admin]$ vi tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
GRS =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.0.1.103)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = grs)
)
)
GRS2 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.2.188)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = grsdg)
)
)
EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID = PLSExtProc)
(PRESENTATION = RO)
)
)
5.2分別啟動主備庫監聽
為什麽要先啟動備庫再啟動主庫呢？
DG 原理：主庫啟動後會主動探測備庫，如果此時備庫沒有啟動那麽主庫探測不到備庫的存在，就會等待若幹分鐘之後再次探測，你會在 alert 日誌中看到大量 ORA 報錯引起恐慌，為了避免這種情況發生。可以先啟動備庫，此時備庫會等待來自主庫的日誌，當備庫啟動之後主庫再啟動會在第一時間探測到備庫存在，就不會看到大量報錯信息了。
為什麽在操作primary standby 庫時建議始終打開alert日誌 這樣可以實時監控數據庫啟動 關閉 切換 操作的狀態，查看到日誌是否應用，角色是否切換完畢，數據庫是否read only 打開等，主要是為了方便我們監控主備庫同步狀態。
啟動備庫
備庫的啟動
[oracle@localhost admin]$ export ORACLE_SID=grsdg
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ cp initgrs2.ora /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initgrs2.ora
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ sqlplsu /nolog
-bash: sqlplsu: command not found
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Mar 31 17:16:24 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> create spfile from pfile=‘/mountdisk2/oracle/oradata/pfile_20140504‘;
File created.
SQL> startup nomount;
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file ‘/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initgrsdg.ora‘
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ cp pfile_20140504 initgrsdg.ora
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 285212672 bytes
Fixed Size 1218992 bytes
Variable Size 92276304 bytes
Database Buffers 188743680 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
SQL> alter database mount standby database;
Database altered.
SQL> show parameter convert;
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert string /mountdisk2/oracle/oradata/grs
dg, /u01/app/oradata/grs
log_file_name_convert string /mountdisk2/oracle/oradata/grs
dg, /u01/app/oradata/grs
SQL> set linesize 1000
SQL> set pagesize 1000
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/example01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/yyhhqq.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/grsv501.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/starhub.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/starhub01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/starhub02.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/starhub03.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/starhub04.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/starhub05.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/cmask01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/ais01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/ais02.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/ipfingo02.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/ipfiingo01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/ipfingo03.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/SPICEI2I02.dbf
切換到主庫
SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE;
System altered --開始打開遠程的歸檔
--SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Database altered.
6.主備庫狀態檢查
1 主庫
select db_unique_name,open_mode,database_role,switchover_status,
dataguard_broker,protection_mode,remote_archive,guard_status from
v$database;
grs READ WRITE PRIMARY SESSIONS ACTIVE DISABLED MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE ENABLED NONE
主庫：可讀寫 沒有啟動broker 主庫角色
主庫：
SQL> select group#,bytes,status from v$standby_log;
GROUP# BYTES STATUS
---------- ---------- --------------------
4 52428800 UNASSIGNED
5 52428800 UNASSIGNED
主庫的 standby_log沒有使用
SQL> select * from v$archive_gap;
no rows selected
主庫沒有遺漏
SQL> col standby_dest for a12
SQL> col archived for a10
SQL> col applied for a10
SQL> col status for a10
SQL> select sequence#,standby_dest,archived,applied,status from v$archived_log;
SEQUENCE# STANDBY_DEST ARCHIVED APPLIED STATUS
---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ----------
245 NO YES NO X
246 NO YES NO X
247 NO YES NO X
248 NO YES NO X
249 NO YES NO A
250 NO YES NO A
251 NO YES NO A
252 NO YES NO A
253 NO YES NO A
254 NO YES NO A
255 NO YES NO A
SEQUENCE# STANDBY_DEST ARCHIVED APPLIED STATUS
---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ----------
256 NO YES NO A
257 NO YES NO A
257 YES YES NO A
258 NO YES NO A
258 YES YES NO A
260 NO YES NO A
261 NO YES NO A
262 NO YES NO A
262 YES YES NO A
20 rows selected.
一共有20個歸檔日誌， 257 257 262 傳輸到standby
全部歸檔，全部未應用，狀態A
A - Available
D - Deleted
U - Unavailable
X - Expired
select dest_name,database_mode,recovery_mode,archived_seq#,applied_seq# from
v$archive_dest_status;
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 OPEN IDLE 262 0
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2 UNKNOWN UNKNOWN 262 261
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_3 OPEN IDLE 0 0
SQL> select process,status,sequence#,delay_mins from v$managed_standby;
ARCH CONNECTED 0 0
ARCH CONNECTED 0 0
ARCH CONNECTED 0 0
LNS WRITING 263 0
備庫狀態
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select db_unique_name,open_mode,database_role,switchover_status,
2 dataguard_broker,protection_mode,remote_archive,guard_status from
3 v$database;
DB_UNIQUE_NAME
------------------------------------------------------------
OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
-------------------- --------------------------------
SWITCHOVER_STATUS DATAGUARD_BROKER
---------------------------------------- ----------------
PROTECTION_MODE REMOTE_ARCHIVE GUARD_STATUS
---------------------------------------- ---------------- --------------
grsdg
MOUNTED PHYSICAL STANDBY
RECOVERY NEEDED DISABLED
MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE ENABLED NONE
SQL> select group#,bytes,status from v$standby_log;
no rows selected
SQL> select * from v$archive_gap;
no rows selected
SQL> col standby_dest for a12
SQL> col archived for a10
SQL> col applied for a10
SQL> col status for a10
SQL> select sequence#,standby_dest,archived,applied,status from v$archived_log;
SEQUENCE# STANDBY_DEST ARCHIVED APPLIED STATUS
---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ----------
262 NO YES NO A
select dest_name,database_mode,recovery_mode,archived_seq#,applied_seq# from v$archive_dest_status;
SQL> select process,status,sequence#,delay_mins from v$managed_standby;
ARCH CONNECTED 0 0
ARCH CONNECTED 0 0
ARCH CONNECTED 0 0
ARCH CONNECTED 0 0
ARCH CONNECTED 0 0
ARCH CONNECTED 0 0
ARCH CONNECTED 0 0
ARCH CONNECTED 0 0
RFS IDLE 263 0
RFS IDLE 0 0
7 .日誌應用與切換
7 驗證歸檔文件的情況
1 通過數據字典視圖驗證
--主庫執行
[oracle@localhost ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=grs
[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Mar 31 17:07:31 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 285212672 bytes
Fixed Size 1218992 bytes
Variable Size 96470608 bytes
Database Buffers 184549376 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 285212672 bytes
Fixed Size 1218992 bytes
Variable Size 100664912 bytes
Database Buffers 180355072 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> select sequence#, first_time, next_time, applied, fal from v$archived_log order by sequence#;
SEQUENCE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_TIME APP FAL
---------- ------------------ ------------------ --- ---
1 25-MAR-14 25-MAR-14 NO NO
1 25-MAR-14 25-MAR-14 NO YES
2 25-MAR-14 26-MAR-14 NO NO
2 25-MAR-14 26-MAR-14 NO YES
3 26-MAR-14 26-MAR-14 NO YES
3 26-MAR-14 26-MAR-14 NO NO
4 26-MAR-14 27-MAR-14 NO NO
4 26-MAR-14 27-MAR-14 NO YES
5 27-MAR-14 27-MAR-14 NO NO
5 27-MAR-14 27-MAR-14 NO YES
6 27-MAR-14 27-MAR-14 NO NO
SEQUENCE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_TIME APP FAL
---------- ------------------ ------------------ --- ---
6 27-MAR-14 27-MAR-14 NO YES
6 24-MAR-14 24-MAR-14 NO NO
7 27-MAR-14 27-MAR-14 NO YES
7 27-MAR-14 27-MAR-14 NO NO
7 24-MAR-14 24-MAR-14 NO NO
7 24-MAR-14 24-MAR-14 NO NO
8 24-MAR-14 25-MAR-14 NO NO
8 27-MAR-14 28-MAR-14 NO NO
8 27-MAR-14 28-MAR-14 NO YES
9 28-MAR-14 31-MAR-14 NO NO
9 25-MAR-14 25-MAR-14 NO NO
SEQUENCE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_TIME APP FAL
---------- ------------------ ------------------ --- ---
9 28-MAR-14 31-MAR-14 YES YES
10 31-MAR-14 31-MAR-14 NO NO
10 25-MAR-14 25-MAR-14 NO NO
10 31-MAR-14 31-MAR-14 NO YES
11 31-MAR-14 31-MAR-14 NO YES
11 25-MAR-14 25-MAR-14 NO NO
11 31-MAR-14 31-MAR-14 NO NO
12 31-MAR-14 31-MAR-14 NO NO
12 31-MAR-14 31-MAR-14 NO YES
12 25-MAR-14 25-MAR-14 NO NO
32 rows selected.
2 查看告警日誌文件
--備庫上有類似的信息
[oracle@localhost bdump]$ tail -f -n 100 /u02/app/oracle/admin/grs2/bdump/alert_grs2.log
Errors in file /u02/app/oracle/admin/grs2/bdump/grs2_mrp0_25231.trc:
ORA-01110: data file 1: ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/system01.dbf‘
Errors in file /u02/app/oracle/admin/grs2/bdump/grs2_mrp0_25231.trc:
ORA-01110: data file 1: ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/system01.dbf‘
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 1 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 1: ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/system01.dbf‘
Mon Mar 31 17:17:35 2014
MRP0: Background Media Recovery process shutdown (grs2)
Mon Mar 31 17:17:36 2014
Completed: alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session
Mon Mar 31 17:18:14 2014
Redo Shipping Client Connected as PUBLIC
-- Connected User is Valid
RFS[3]: Assigned to RFS process 25253
RFS[3]: Identified database type as ‘physical standby‘
Mon Mar 31 17:18:17 2014
Redo Shipping Client Connected as PUBLIC
主庫
1 主庫上建測試表
SQL> conn
Enter user-name: scott
Enter password:
Connected.
SQL> create table randy (id number);
Table created.
SQL> insert into randy values(1);
1 row created.
SQL> /
1 row created.
SQL> /
1 row created.
SQL> /
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> select * from randy;
ID
----------
1
1
1
1
2 主庫上模擬日誌切換
SQL> alter system archive log current;
備庫上的日誌
db_recovery_file_dest_size of 2048 MB is 0.00% used. This is a
user-specified limit on the amount of space that will be used by this
database for recovery-related files, and does not reflect the amount of
space available in the underlying filesystem or ASM diskgroup.
Mon Mar 31 17:43:20 2014
RFS[2]: Possible network disconnect with primary database
Redo Shipping Client Connected as PUBLIC
-- Connected User is Valid
RFS[15]: Assigned to RFS process 26201
RFS[15]: Identified database type as ‘physical standby‘
Primary database is in MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE mode
Primary database is in MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE mode
RFS[15]: Successfully opened standby log 4: ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/redo04.log‘
Mon Mar 31 17:43:39 2014
Redo Shipping Client Connected as PUBLIC
-- Connected User is Valid
RFS[16]: Assigned to RFS process 26211
RFS[16]: Identified database type as ‘physical standby‘
RFS[16]: No standby redo logfiles of size 6761 blocks available
RFS[16]: Archived Log: ‘/u02/app/oracle/archivelog/archivelog/1_13_843150133.arc‘
以只讀模式打開備庫，驗證數據
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
同一臺機器上進行dg
主庫的參數文件
[oracle@localhost backup]$ vi initgrs.ora
grs.__db_cache_size=184549376
grs.__java_pool_size=4194304
grs.__large_pool_size=4194304
grs.__shared_pool_size=83886080
grs.__streams_pool_size=4194304
*.audit_file_dest=‘/u01/app/oracle/admin/grs/adump‘
*.background_dump_dest=‘/u01/app/oracle/admin/grs/bdump‘
*.compatible=‘10.2.0.1.0‘
*.control_files=‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/control01.ctl‘,‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/control02.ctl‘,‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs/control03.ctl‘
*.core_dump_dest=‘/u01/app/oracle/admin/grs/cdump‘
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=‘‘
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs‘,‘/u02/app/oracle/oradata/grs2‘
*.db_name=‘grs‘
*.db_recovery_file_dest=‘/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area‘
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME=‘grs‘
*.dispatchers=‘(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=grsXDB)‘
*.FAL_CLIENT=‘grs2‘
*.FAL_SERVER=‘grs‘
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG=‘DG_CONFIG=(grs,grs2)‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=‘LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/archivelog/archivelog/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=grs‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=‘SERVICE=grs2 LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=grs2‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=‘ENABLE‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=‘ENABLE‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=‘%t_%s_%r.arc‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=30
*.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs‘,‘/u02/app/oracle/oradata/grs2‘
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=94371840
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile=‘EXCLUSIVE‘
*.sga_target=285212672
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=‘AUTO‘
*.undo_management=‘AUTO‘
*.undo_tablespace=‘UNDOTBS1‘
*.user_dump_dest=‘/u01/app/oracle/admin/grs/udump‘
備庫的參數文件
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ vi initgrs2.ora
grs.__db_cache_size=184549376
grs.__java_pool_size=4194304
grs.__large_pool_size=4194304
grs.__shared_pool_size=83886080
grs.__streams_pool_size=4194304
*.audit_file_dest=‘/u02/app/oracle/admin/grs2/adump‘
*.background_dump_dest=‘/u02/app/oracle/admin/grs2/bdump‘
*.compatible=‘10.2.0.1.0‘
*.control_files=‘/u02/app/oracle/oradata/grs2/control01.ctl‘,‘/u02/app/oracle/oradata/grs2/control02.ctl‘,‘/u02/app/oracle/oradata/grs2/control03.ctl‘
*.core_dump_dest=‘/u02/app/oracle/admin/grs2/cdump‘
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=‘‘
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=‘/u02/app/oracle/oradata/grs2‘,‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs‘
*.db_name=‘grs‘
*.db_recovery_file_dest=‘/u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area‘
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME=‘grs2‘
*.dispatchers=‘(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=grsXDB)‘
*.FAL_CLIENT=‘grs‘
*.FAL_SERVER=‘grs2‘
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG=‘DG_CONFIG=(grs,grs2)‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=‘LOCATION=/u02/app/oracle/archivelog/archivelog/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=grs2‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=‘SERVICE=grs LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=grs‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=‘ENABLE‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=‘ENABLE‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=‘%t_%s_%r.arc‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=30
*.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=‘/u02/app/oracle/oradata/grs2‘,‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/grs‘
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=94371840
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile=‘EXCLUSIVE‘
*.sga_target=285212672
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=‘AUTO‘
*.undo_management=‘AUTO‘
*.undo_tablespace=‘UNDOTBS1‘
*.user_dump_dest=‘/u02/app/oracle/admin/grs2/udump‘
Oracle data guard 10g 搭建