目前大部分使用者使用的CentOS6.5上預設的Python還是2.6版本，並且還不能解除安裝python2.6,很多系統組建需要依賴與python2.6，所以升級到python2.7會有點麻煩，在這裡記錄一下。

1、在安裝python之前還需要安裝一些依賴元件

安裝過程將用到gcc庫，我們可以直接安裝

     yum install Development Tools

     yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel

可以直接從python官網上下載python， https://www.python.org/ftp/python/

選擇你需要下載的版本，我這裡下載2.7.11的最新版本

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.11/Python-2.7.11.tgz
tar vxf Python-2.7.11.tgz
cd Python-2.7.11.tgz
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make && make install

編譯安裝完成之後檢視python的版本

>>> import sys
>>> sys.version
'2.7.11 (default, May  6 2016, 01:38:00) \n[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-16)]'
 

　　pip是python的安裝工具，很多python的常用工具，都可以通過pip進行安裝。

　　要安裝pip，首先要安裝setuptools。下面的連結可以得到相關資訊，最新版本是21.0.0:

　　https://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools

　　下載連結：

　　https://pypi.python.org/packages/ff/d4/209f4939c49e31f5524fa0027bf1c8ec3107abaf7c61fdaad704a648c281/setuptools-21.0.0.tar.gz#md5=81964fdb89534118707742e6d1a1ddb4

同樣的，進行安裝：

tar vxf setuptools-21.0.0.tar.gz 
cd setuptools-21.0.0
python setup.py  install

安裝完成後，下載pip。其資訊在如下網站：

　　https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pip

　　最新版是9.0.1，下載連結： https://pypi.python.org/packages/11/b6/abcb525026a4be042b486df43905d6893fb04f05aac21c32c638e939e447/pip-9.0.1.tar.gz.asc

　　同樣的，進行安裝

tar vxf pip-9.0.1.tar.gz 
cd pip-9.0.1
python setup.py install

[[email protected] ~]# pip

Usage:   
  pip <command> [options]

Commands:
  install                     Install packages.
  download                    Download packages.
  uninstall                   Uninstall packages.
  freeze                      Output installed packages in requirements format.
  list                        List installed packages.
  show                        Show information about installed packages.
  check                       Verify installed packages have compatible dependencies.
  search                      Search PyPI for packages.
  wheel                       Build wheels from your requirements.
  hash                        Compute hashes of package archives.
  completion                  A helper command used for command completion.
  help                        Show help for commands.

General Options:
  -h, --help                  Show help.
  --isolated                  Run pip in an isolated mode, ignoring environment variables and user configuration.
  -v, --verbose               Give more output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times.
  -V, --version               Show version and exit.
  -q, --quiet                 Give less output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times (corresponding to WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL logging levels).
  --log <path>                Path to a verbose appending log.
  --proxy <proxy>             Specify a proxy in the form [user:[email protected]]proxy.server:port.
  --retries <retries>         Maximum number of retries each connection should attempt (default 5 times).
  --timeout <sec>             Set the socket timeout (default 15 seconds).
  --exists-action <action>    Default action when a path already exists: (s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup, (a)bort.
  --trusted-host <hostname>   Mark this host as trusted, even though it does not have valid or any HTTPS.
  --cert <path>               Path to alternate CA bundle.
  --client-cert <path>        Path to SSL client certificate, a single file containing the private key and the certificate in PEM format.
  --cache-dir <dir>           Store the cache data in <dir>.
  --no-cache-dir              Disable the cache.
  --disable-pip-version-check
                              Don't periodically check PyPI to determine whether a new version of pip is available for download. Implied with --no-index.