centos7最小版本安裝nginx+tomcat+java+mysql執行環境
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-11-19
最近專案從windows搬到linux，由於專案組成員有限並且有其它緊急的任務需要處理，因而這個任務就落到我的頭上了。下面記錄下centos最小版本安裝nginx+tomcat+mysql+java的執行環境。
- centos7 minimal安裝
參考：http://www.tecmint.com/centos-7-installation/
- 安裝java
下載Java，可到oracle官網獲取相應的連線
wget http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u79-b15/jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz?AuthParam=1456375809_50db5985ac01ede6091b467add0b89b2
# 改名： mv jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz?AuthParam=1456375809_50db5985ac01ede6091b467add0b89b2 jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz # 解壓： tar -zxvf jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz # 更換目錄： mv ./jdk1.7.0_79 /usr/local/ jdk1.7.0_79
新增到環境變數
[email protected] java]# vi /etc/profile # 在export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE HISTCONTROL下新增 export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.7.0_79 export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
執行
source /etc/profile
使環境變數生效
檢視是否安裝成功
[[email protected] jdk1.7.0_79]# java -version java version "1.7.0_79" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_79-b15) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.79-b02, mixed mode)
- 安裝tomcat
# 建立使用者 groupadd tomcat useradd -s /bin/bash -g tomcat tomcat # 下載： wget http://apache.opencas.org/tomcat/tomcat-7/v7.0.68/bin/apache-tomcat-7.0.68.tar.gz # 解壓： tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.68.tar.gz # 複製： cp -R ./apache-tomcat-7.0.68 /usr/local cd /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.68 # 修改許可權： chown -R tomcat:tomcat apache-tomcat-7.0.68 # 啟動： sh ./bin/startup.sh
將8080埠新增到防火牆例外並重啟
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --reload
訪問：http://IP:8080/，熟悉的感覺
- 安裝Mysql
# 建立使用者
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -d /dev/null mysql
# 檢視mysql使用者
id mysql
# 下載：
wget http://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.11-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.11-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.11-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql
mkdir /data
cd /data
mkdir mysql
cd mysql
mkdir -p mysql3306/{logs,tmp,data}
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf
vi /data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf
# 修改
# 指定data目錄
datadir=/data/mysql/mysql3306/data/
# 指定監聽埠
port=3306
# 表名忽略大小寫
lower_case_table_names=1
初始化mysql，（注意獲取初始化密碼），命令安裝也可參考：centos7 安裝mysql5.7.11注意事項
[[email protected] mysql]# bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf --initialize 2016-02-26T10:28:43.821897Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). 2016-02-26T10:28:43.822126Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release. 2016-02-26T10:28:43.822138Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' sql mode was not set. 2016-02-26T10:28:44.311120Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790 2016-02-26T10:28:44.411026Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables. 2016-02-26T10:28:44.492963Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: b671cd20-dc73-11e5-abe1-000c29c3b190. 2016-02-26T10:28:44.495657Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened. 2016-02-26T10:28:44.511137Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for [email protected]: fUVd&7p,qbf0 # 此處需要注意root使用者生成的隨機密碼，後面要用到。
啟動mysql
bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf --user=root
設定root使用者密碼
[[email protected] mysql]# ./bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p password Enter password: New password: Confirm new password: Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
編輯/etc/profile，將mysql新增到環境變數（可參考java新增環境變數的方法）
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/
- 安裝nginx
安裝依賴庫
yum -y install gcc-c++ yum -y install pcre pcre-devel yum -y install zlib zlib-devel yum -y install openssl openssl-devel libssl-dev
下載並解壓
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.12.tar.gz tar -zxvf nginx-1.9.12.tar.gz
編譯安裝
./configure --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf --pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid --with-http_ssl_module make make install
如果沒報錯的話，檢視是否安裝成功
whereis nginx
新增到防火牆例外
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --reload
啟動nginx
/usr/local/nginx/nginx
訪問：http://IP/，熟悉的味道
- Nginx和tomcat整合
tomcat配置
###### Tomcat配置 # 建立tomcat專案預設目錄 mkdir /home/www/web/jsp/ # 配置tomcat預設專案 # ./conf/server.xml中的Host節點中新增 <Context path="" debug="0" docBase="/home/www/web/jsp/" reloadable="true"></Context> # 重啟tomcat /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.68/bin/shutdown.sh /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.68/bin/startup.sh # 建立index.jsp內容為“tomcat web project index page”
http://IP:8080/
建立test.html，內容為“tomcat test html”
http://192.168.222.128:8080/test.html
nginx配置
建立nginx靜態檔案存放目錄
mkdir /home/www/web/ROOT
代理設定
[[email protected] nginx]# vi proxy.conf #!nginx # proxy.conf proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; #獲取真實ip #proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; #獲取代理者的真實ip client_max_body_size 10m; client_body_buffer_size 128k; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 90; proxy_buffer_size 4k; proxy_buffers 4 32k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
配置nginx.conf
#執行nginx所在的使用者名稱和使用者組
#user www www;
#啟動程序數
worker_processes 8;
#全域性錯誤日誌及PID檔案
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
#pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
#工作模式及連線數上限
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535;
}
#設定http伺服器，利用它的反向代理功能提供負載均衡支援
http
{
#設定mime型別
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
include /usr/local/nginx/proxy.conf;
#charset gb2312;
#設定請求緩衝
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
#client_max_body_size 8m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
# fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
# fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
# fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
# fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
# fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
# fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
# fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
# gzip on;
# gzip_min_length 1k;
# gzip_buffers 4 16k;
# gzip_http_version 1.0;
# gzip_comp_level 2;
# gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
# gzip_vary on;
#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
###禁止通過ip訪問站點
#server{
# server_name _;
# return 404;
#}
server
{
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.html index.htm index.jsp;#設定訪問的預設首頁地址
root /home/www/web/ROOT;#設定網站的資源存放路徑
#limit_conn crawler 20;
location / {
index index.html index.jsp;
}
location ~ .*.jsp$ #所有jsp的頁面均交由tomcat處理
{
index index.jsp;
proxy_pass http://192.168.222.128:8080;#轉向tomcat處理
}
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ #設定訪問靜態檔案直接讀取不經過tomcat
{
expires 30d;
}
location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
{
expires 1h;
}
#定義訪問日誌的寫入格式
#log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
#'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
#'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
#access_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/localhost.log access;#設定訪問日誌的存放路徑
}
}
檢測配置檔案
/usr/local/nginx/nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
平滑重啟nginx
/usr/local/nginx/nginx -s reload
/home/www/web/ROOT目錄下建立test.html內容為“nginx static html”
訪問：http://IP/test.html
此時訪問的是nginx靜態資源所在的目錄
http://IP/index.jsp
此時html等靜態檔案訪問的是nginx指定的靜態檔案目錄，而jsp檔案則分發到tomcat進行處理。
- 服務自啟動
mysql自啟動
1./usr/lib/systemd/system目錄下新建mysql.service
[Unit]
Description=mysql
After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
[Service]
Type=forking
#LimitNOFILE=max_open_files
PIDFile=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.pid
TimeoutSec=0
PermissionsStartOnly=true
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/mysql/
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf --user=mysql
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=false
#Nice=nice_level
#LimitCore=core_file_limit
#Environment="LD_PRELOAD=/usr/local/mysql/lib"
Restart=on-failure
RestartPreventExitStatus=1
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
允許mysql開機啟動
systemctl enable mysql
檢查配置是否成功
systemctl is-enabled mysql
mysql開啟慢查詢
/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf中新增 # 慢日誌 slow_query_log=1 slow_query_log_file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/logs/localhost-slow.log slow_launch_time=1
nginx和tomcat自啟動（和mysql類似，不再闡述）