Spring 屬性依賴註入
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-11-24
address 中國 rop tag 標簽 .org 構造方法 utf-8 imp
1.1 屬性依賴註入
依賴註入方式：手動裝配 和 自動裝配
手動裝配：一般進行配置信息都采用手動
基於xml裝配：構造方法、setter方法
基於註解裝配：
自動裝配：struts和spring 整合可以自動裝配
byType：按類型裝配
byName：按名稱裝配
constructor：構造裝配，
auto： 不確定裝配。
一.構造方法註入
User.java
public class User {
private Integer uid;
private String username;
private Integer age;
public User(Integer uid, String username) {
super();
this.uid = uid;
this.username = username;
}
public User(String username, Integer age) {
super();
this.username = username;
this.age = age;
}
}
ApplicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd"> <!-- 構造方法註入 * <constructor-arg> 用於配置構造方法一個參數argument name ：參數的名稱 value：設置普通數據 ref：引用數據，一般是另一個bean id值 index ：參數的索引號，從0開始 。如果只有索引，匹配到了多個構造方法時，默認使用第一個。 type ：確定參數類型 例如：使用名稱name <constructor-arg name="username" value="jack"></constructor-arg> <constructor-arg name="age" value="18"></constructor-arg> 例如2：【類型type 和 索引 index】 <constructor-arg index="0" type="java.lang.String" value="1"></constructor-arg> <constructor-arg index="1" type="java.lang.Integer" value="2"></constructor-arg> --> <bean id="userId" class="com.itheima.f_xml.a_constructor.User" > <constructor-arg index="0" type="java.lang.String" value="1"></constructor-arg> <constructor-arg index="1" type="java.lang.Integer" value="2"></constructor-arg> </bean> </beans>
二.property屬性註入
User.java
package com.zk.myspring;
public class User {
private Integer uid;
private String username;
private Integer age;
public Integer getUid() {
return uid;
}
public void setUid(Integer uid) {
this.uid = uid;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [uid=" + uid + ", username=" + username + ", age=" + age
+ "]";
}
public User(Integer uid, String username, Integer age) {
super();
this.uid = uid;
this.username = username;
this.age = age;
}
public User() {
super();
}
}
Test.java
package com.zk.myspring;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[]args)
{
String path="/com/zk/myspring/ApplicationContext.xml";
ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(path);
User user=(User) ac.getBean("UserId");
System.out.println(user);
}
}
ApplicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd"> <bean id="UserId" class="com.zk.myspring.User"> <!-- setter方法註入： 普通數據： <property name="" value="值"> 等效 <property name=""> <value> 值 </value> </property> 引用數據 <property name="" ref="另一個bean"> </property> 等效 <property name=""> <ref bean="" /> </property> --> <property name="username" value="jack"></property> <property name="uid" value="1"></property> <property name="age" value="24"></property> <!-- p命名空間，對setter方法註入進行簡化，替換<property name="屬性名">，而是在<bean 屬性名="普通值"> --> </bean> </beans>
ApplicationContext的p命名空間
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd"> <bean id="UserId" class="com.zk.myspring.User" p:uid="1" p:age="24" p:username="zk" p:company-ref="company1"></bean> <bean id="company1" class="com.zk.myspring.Company" p:name="computer science" p:address="徐州市中國礦業大學計算機科學與技術學院"> </bean> </beans>
三.集合屬性註入
CollData.java
package com.zk.myspringcoll;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.Set;
public class CollData {
private String[] arrayData;
private List<String> listData;
private Set<String> setData;
private Map<String,String> mapData;
private Properties propersData;
public String[] getArrayData() {
return arrayData;
}
public void setArrayData(String[] arrayData) {
this.arrayData = arrayData;
}
public List<String> getListData() {
return listData;
}
public void setListData(List<String> listData) {
this.listData = listData;
}
public Set<String> getSetData() {
return setData;
}
public void setSetData(Set<String> setData) {
this.setData = setData;
}
public Map<String, String> getMapData() {
return mapData;
}
public void setMapData(Map<String, String> mapData) {
this.mapData = mapData;
}
public Properties getPropersData() {
return propersData;
}
public void setPropersData(Properties propersData) {
this.propersData = propersData;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "CollData [arrayData=" + Arrays.toString(arrayData)
+ ", \nlistData=" + listData + ", \nsetData=" + setData
+ ", \nmapData=" + mapData + ", \nproperties=" + propersData + "]";
}
}
Test.java
package com.zk.myspringcoll;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class TestColl {
public static void main(String[]args)
{
ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
CollData colldata=(CollData) ac.getBean("CollData");
System.out.println(colldata);
}
}
ApplicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd"> <!-- 集合註入都是給<property>添加子標簽 數組：<array> List:<List> Set:<set> Map:<map> Properties:<props><prop key="">value</prop></props> 普通數據:<value> 引用數據：<ref> --> <bean id="CollData" class="com.zk.myspringcoll.CollData"> <property name="arrayData"> <array> <value>DS</value> <value>DZD</value> <value>屌絲</value> <value>吊中吊</value> </array> </property> <property name="listData"> <list> <value>list1</value> <value>list2</value> <value>list3</value> <value>list4</value> <value>list5</value> </list> </property> <property name="setData"> <set> <value>set1</value> <value>set2</value> <value>set3</value> <value>set4</value> <value>set5</value> </set> </property> <property name="mapData"> <map> <entry key="1" value="value1"></entry> <entry key="2" value="value2"></entry> <entry key="3" value="value3"></entry> <entry key="4" value="value4"></entry> <entry key="5" value="value5"></entry> <!-- <entry> <key><value>6</value></key> <value>value6</value> </entry> --> </map> </property> <property name="propersData"> <props> <prop key="高富帥">嫐</prop> <prop key="白富美">嬲</prop> <prop key="屌絲">挊</prop> </props> </property> </bean> </beans>
四.自動裝配bean
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
<!-- 自動裝配(用的不多)：
byName按名稱自動匹配（即要裝配的bean中的屬性名稱和配置中的bean名稱相同就會自動裝配，如UserService類中的屬性和userDAO的bean名稱相同就自動裝配）
byType按類型自動匹配 （即要裝配的bean中的屬性類型和配置中的bean的類型相同就會自動裝配，如UserService類中的屬性類型和userDAO的bean類型相同就自動裝配）
-->
<bean id="user" class="com.zk.myspring.User" autowire="default">
</bean>
</beans>
五.使用註解
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">
<context:annotation-config></context:annotation-config>
</beans>
六.掃描包名
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.bjsxt"></context:component-scan>
</beans>
Spring 屬性依賴註入