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Python中的用for,while迴圈遍歷檔案例項

使用for迴圈遍歷檔案

開啟檔案

open

 r:以讀模式開啟

w:以寫模式開啟

a:以追加模式開啟

r+:以讀寫模式開啟

w+:以讀寫模式開啟(參見w)

a+:以讀寫模式開啟(參見a)

rb:以二進位制讀模式開啟

wb:以二進位制寫模式開啟(參見w)

ab:以二進位制追加模式開啟(參見a)

rb+:以二進位制讀寫模式開啟(參見r+)

wb+:以二進位制讀寫模式開啟(參見w+)

ab+:以二進位制讀寫模式開啟(參見a+)

檢視幫助:

open(...)

open(name[, mode[, buffering]]) -> file object

Open a file using the file() type, returns a file object.  This is the

preferred way to open a file.  See file.__doc__ for further information.

(END)...skipping...



[root[@localhost](https://my.oschina.net/u/570656) ~]# cat /tmp/1.txt

1111

[root[@localhost](https://my.oschina.net/u/570656) ~]#

只讀方式開啟:

In [26]: open('/tmp/1.txt')

Out[26]: <open file '/tmp/1.txt', mode 'r' at 0x20860c0>

In [27]: fd = open('/tmp/1.txt')

In [28]: fd

Out[28]: <open file '/tmp/1.txt', mode 'r' at 0x20861e0>

In [29]: type(fd)

Out[29]: file

以寫方式開啟:

In [34]: fd = open('/tmp/1.txt','w')

In [35]: fd.write('2222\n')

In [36]: fd.close()

[root[@localhost](https://my.oschina.net/u/570656) ~]# cat /tmp/1.txt

2222

[root[@localhost](https://my.oschina.net/u/570656) ~]#

以追加方式開啟:

In [34]: fd = open('/tmp/1.txt','a')

In [35]: fd.write('3333\n')

In [36]: fd.close()

[root[@localhost](https://my.oschina.net/u/570656) ~]# cat /tmp/1.txt

2222

3333

[[email protected] ~]#

read():

In [41]: fd.read()

Out[41]: '2222\n3333\n'

In [42]: fd.read()

Out[42]: ''

In [49]: fd.readline()

Out[49]: '2222\n'

In [50]: fd.readline()

Out[50]: '3333\n'

In [51]: fd.readline()

Out[51]: ''

In [52]:

read() 和readline()返回的是字串:

readlines()返回的是列表:

in [52]: fd = open('/tmp/1.txt')

In [53]: fd.readlines()

Out[53]: ['2222\n', '3333\n']

指令碼:

#!/usr/bin/python

fd = open('/tmp/1.txt')

for line in fd:

print line,

fd.close()



[[email protected] 20171228]# python read_file.py

2222

3333

[[email protected] 20171228]#

使用while迴圈遍歷檔案

指令碼:

#!/usr/bin/python

fd = open('/tmp/1.txt')

while True:

line = fd.readline()

if not line:

break

print line,

fd.close()



[[email protected] 20171228]# python read_fi_while.py

2222

3333

[[email protected] 20171228]#

with open開啟檔案 :

#!/usr/bin/python

with open('/tmp/1.txt') as fd:

while True:

line = fd.readline()

if not line:

break

print line,