給定一個二叉樹, 找到該樹中兩個指定節點的最近公共祖先。

百度百科中最近公共祖先的定義為：“對於有根樹 T 的兩個結點 p、q，最近公共祖先表示為一個結點 x，滿足 x 是 p、q 的祖先且 x 的深度儘可能大（一個節點也可以是它自己的祖先）。”

二叉樹的解決辦法優先考慮遞迴。

python：

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode(object):
#     def __init__(self, x):
#         self.val = x
#         self.left = None
#         self.right = None

class Solution(object):
    def lowestCommonAncestor(self, root, p, q):
        """
        :type root: TreeNode
        :type p: TreeNode
        :type q: TreeNode
        :rtype: TreeNode
        """
        if root == None or root == p or root == q:
            return root
        left = self.lowestCommonAncestor(root.left,p,q)
        right = self.lowestCommonAncestor(root.right,p,q)
        if left and right:
            return root
        else:
            return left if left else right
 

C++： 

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    TreeNode* lowestCommonAncestor(TreeNode* root, TreeNode* p, TreeNode* q) {
        if(root == NULL|| root == p || root == q) return root;
        TreeNode* left = lowestCommonAncestor(root->left,p,q);
        TreeNode* right = lowestCommonAncestor(root->right,p,q);
        if(left && right) return root;
        else{
            return left == NULL?right:left;
        }
        
    }
};