Linux之 RPM包管理-yum線上管理-光碟yum源
常識:光碟yum源搭建
1、鑑於網路速度慢等原因,生產等更實際的使用為光碟yum源。但光碟yum源,可能的缺點是:版本比較老,但伺服器,一般以穩定優先考慮,所以用光碟很正常。
2)掛載光碟
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/
3)讓網路yum原始檔失效
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo.bak
mv CentOS-Ddebuginfo.repo.bak
mv CentOS-Vault.repo CentOS-Vault.repo.bak
注意:centos6兩個光碟,如果安裝時,軟體包不在第一個光盤裡,就可能在第二張光碟中。
[[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/
掛載時發現沒有該目錄,可以直接建立一個目錄,作為掛載點
mount: mount point /mnt/cdrom/ does not exist
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /mnt/cdrom/
[[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/
mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
賦予讀寫許可權
[ [email protected] ~]# mount -o remount /mnt
mount: can't find /mnt in /etc/fstab or /etc/mtab
[[email protected] ~]# cd ..
[[email protected] /]# cd
[[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/c
cdrom char/ core cpu_dma_latency
cdrw console cpu/ crash
[ [email protected] ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/
mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
mount: /dev/sr0 already mounted or /mnt/cdrom/ busy
mount: according to mtab, /dev/sr0 is already mounted on /mnt/cdrom
出現如上,即表示掛載成功
通過mount 命令可以檢視當前掛載資訊
[[email protected] ~]# mount
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root on / type ext4 (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,rootcontext="system_u:object_r:tmpfs_t:s0")
/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)
none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)
gvfs-fuse-daemon on /root/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev)
/dev/sr0 on /media/CentOS_6.10_Final type iso9660 (ro,nosuid,nodev,uhelper=udisks,uid=0,gid=0,iocharset=utf8,mode=0400,dmode=0500)
/dev/sr0 on /mnt/cdrom type iso9660 (ro)
讓網路yum源失效的辦法:讓yum的網路yum源配置資訊失效,即有多種方式:
a、刪除所有網路配置源資訊;
b、移動配置檔案資訊
b、為防止以後用,所以更改網路yum源配置資訊的檔名,即可
[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Media.repo
4)更改光碟yum原始檔
vim CentOS-Media.repo
【c6-media】
name=CentOS-$releasever -Media
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom
#地址為你自己的光碟掛載地址
# file:///media/cdrom/
# file:///media/cdrecorder/
#註釋這兩個不存在的地址
gpgckeck=1
enabled=1
#把enabled=0 改為enabled=1 ,讓這個yum源配置檔案生效
gpgkey=file:///etc/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo.bak CentOS-Media.repo
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# vim CentOS-Media.repo
# CentOS-Media.repo
#
# This repo can be used with mounted DVD media, verify the mount point for
# CentOS-6. You can use this repo and yum to install items directly off the
# DVD ISO that we release.
#
# To use this repo, put in your DVD and use it with the other repos too:
# yum --enablerepo=c6-media [command]
#
# or for ONLY the media repo, do this:
#
# yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo=c6-media [command]
[c6-media]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Media
baseurl=file:///media/CentOS/
file:///media/cdrom/
file:///media/cdrecorder/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
"CentOS-Media.repo" 21L, 630C
更改enable的值為1.更改掛載點地址為真正的光碟的掛載地址
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# vim CentOS-Media.repo
# CentOS-Media.repo
#
# This repo can be used with mounted DVD media, verify the mount point for
# CentOS-6. You can use this repo and yum to install items directly off the
# DVD ISO that we release.
#
# To use this repo, put in your DVD and use it with the other repos too:
# yum --enablerepo=c6-media [command]
#
# or for ONLY the media repo, do this:
#
# yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo=c6-media [command]
[c6-media]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Media
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom//
file:///media/cdrom/
file:///media/cdrecorder/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
"CentOS-Media.repo" 21L, 628C
配置完成命令執行完成後,可以通過yum list 命令檢視當前配置資訊
之後可以發現原來的base都會換成類似如下格式,右側現實的名稱c6-media,然後在此
可以執行在網路yum源連線時所做的操作
samba4.x86_64 4.2.10-15.el6 c6-media
samba4-client.x86_64 4.2.10-15.el6 c6-media
samba4-common.x86_64 4.2.10-15.el6 c6-media
samba4-dc.x86_64 4.2.10-15.el6 c6-media
samba4-dc-libs.x86_64 4.2.10-15.el6 c6-media
samba4-devel.x86_64 4.2.10-15.el6 c6-media
samba4-pidl.x86_64 4.2.10-15.el6 c6-media
samba4-python.x86_64 4.2.10-15.el6 c6-media
samba4-test.x86_64 4.2.10-15.el6 c6-media
samba4-winbind.x86_64 4.2.10-15.el6 c6-media
samba4-winbind-clients.x86_64 4.2.10-15.el6 c6-media
samba4-winbind-krb5-locator.x86_64
4.2.10-15.el6 c6-media
samyak-devanagari-fonts.noarch 1.2.1-9.el6 c6-media
samyak-fonts-common.noarch 1.2.1-9.el6 c6-media
samyak-gujarati-fonts.noarch 1.2.1-9.el6 c6-media
samyak-malayalam-fonts.noarch 1.2.1-9.el6 c6-media
samyak-oriya-fonts.noarch 1.2.1-9.el6 c6-media
samyak-tamil-fonts.noarch 1.2.1-9.el6 c6-media
sane-backends-devel.i686 1.0.21-5.el6 c6-media
sane-backends-devel.x86_64 1.0.21-5.el6 c6-media
sane-backends-libs.i686 1.0.21-5.el6 c6-media
sane-backends-libs-gphoto2.i686
1.0.21-5.el6 c6-media
sane-frontends.x86_64 1.0.14-9.2.el6 c6-media
sanlock.x86_64 2.8-3.el6 c6-media
sanlock-devel.x86_64 2.8-3.el6 c6-media
sanlock-lib.x86_64 2.8-3.el6 c6-media
sanlock-python.x86_64 2.8-3.el6 c6-media
saslwrapper.i686 0.14-1.el6 c6-media
saslwrapper.x86_64 0.14-1.el6 c6-media