1. 使用檢視元件進行介面優化
   1.1 使用檢視元件的mixin進行介面邏輯優化
      - 匯入mixin
         from rest_framework.mixinx import (
            ListModelMix,
            CreateModelMixin,
            DestroyModelMixin,
            UpdateModelMixin,
            RetrieveModelMixin
         )
         from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView

      - 定義序列化類
      Class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
               Book
              fields = ()
              extra_kwargs = {"field_name": {"write_only": True}}
      
      - 匯入序列化類
      from .app_serializers import BookSerializer
         
      - 定義檢視類
      class BookView(ListModelMix, CreateModelMixin, GenericAPIView):
         # queryset和serializer_class是固定的寫法
          queryset = Book.objects.all()
          serializer_class = BookSerializer
        
          def get():
             return self.list()
         
          def post():
             return self.create()
            
      class BookFilterView(RetrieveModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, GenericAPIView):
          queryset = Book.objects.all()
         serializer_class = BookSerializer
         
         def get():
             return self.retrieve()
            
         def delete():
             return self.destroy()
            
         def put():
             return self.update()
           
      注意：單條資料操作的url是這樣的：re_path(r'books/(?P<pk>\d+)/$, views.BookFilterView.as_view())

例項:

 1 # class BookView(ListModelMixin,CreateModelMixin,GenericAPIView):
 2 #     queryset = Book.objects.all()
 3 #     serializer_class = BookSerializer
 4 #     def get(self,request, *args, **kwargs):
 5 #         return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs)
 6 #     def post(self,request, *args, **kwargs):
 

 7 #         return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs)
 8 #
 9 # class BookFilterView(RetrieveModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, GenericAPIView):
10 #     queryset = Book.objects.all()
11 #     serializer_class = BookSerializer
12 #     def put(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
13 #         # 更改的時候區分一對多還是多對多
 

14 #         return self.update(request,*args,**kwargs)
15 #     def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
16 #         return self.retrieve(request,*args,**kwargs)
17 #     def delete(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
18 #         return self.destroy(request,*args,**kwargs)

 1 class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
 2     class Meta:
 3         model = Book
 4         fields = ('title',
 5                   'price',
 6                   'publish',
 7                   'authors',
 8                   'author_list',
 9                   'publish_name',
10                   'publish_city'
11                   )
12         # 如過不加會實在頁面顯示關聯的數字
13         extra_kwargs = {
14             'publish': {'write_only': True},
15             'authors': {'write_only': True}
16         }
17 
18     publish_name = serializers.CharField(max_length=32, read_only=True, source='publish.name')
19     publish_city = serializers.CharField(max_length=32, read_only=True, source='publish.city')
20 
21     author_list = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
22 
23     def get_author_list(self, book_obj):
24         # 拿到queryset開始迴圈 [{}, {}, {}, {}]
25         authors = list()
26 
27         for author in book_obj.authors.all():
28             authors.append(author.name)
29 
30         return authors

1     #re_path(r'books/$', views.BookView.as_view()),
2     #re_path(r'books/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.BookFilterView.as_view()),

這時,會發現程式碼可以繼續優化