無人值守安裝系統

PXE(Preboot eXecute Environment,預啟動執行環境)是由Intel公司開發的技術,可以讓計算機通過網路來啟動作業系統(前提是計算機上安裝的網絡卡支援PXE技術),主要用於在無人機值守安裝系統中引導客戶端主機安裝Linux作業系統.

部署DHCP服務程式

[root@mail ~]# yum install dhcp -y
[root@mail ~]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf 
 

allow booting;
allow bootp;
ddns-update-style interim;
ignore client-updates;
subnet 192.168.56.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
option domain-name-servers 192.168.56.25;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.56.100 192.168.56.200;
default-lease-time 21600;
max-lease-time 43200;
next-server 192.168
 
.56.25;
filename "pxelinux.0";
}

配置TFTP服務程式

[root@mail ~]# yum install tftp-server -y
[root@mail ~]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp 
service tftp
{
        socket_type             = dgram
        protocol                = udp
        wait                    = yes
        user                    = root
        server                  = /usr/sbin/in
 
.tftpd
        server_args             = -s /var/lib/tftpboot
        disable                 = no //yes改為no
        per_source              = 11
        cps                     = 100 2
        flags                   = IPv4
}

[root@mail ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=69/udp
success
[root@mail ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success

配置syslinux服務程式

[[email protected] ~]# yum install syslinux -y

[[email protected] ~]# cd /var/lib/tftpboot/

[[email protected] tftpboot]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/
altmbr.bin          gptmbr_c.bin        isolinux.bin        pwd.c32
altmbr_c.bin        gptmbr_f.bin        isolinux-debug.bin  pxechain.com
altmbr_f.bin        gpxecmd.c32         kbdmap.c32          pxelinux.0
cat.c32             gpxelinux.0         linux.c32           reboot.c32
chain.c32           gpxelinuxk.0        ls.c32              rosh.c32
cmd.c32             hdt.c32             lua.c32             sanboot.c32
config.c32          host.c32            mboot.c32           sdi.c32
cpuid.c32           ifcpu64.c32         mbr.bin             sysdump.c32
cpuidtest.c32       ifcpu.c32           mbr_c.bin           syslinux64.exe
diag/               ifplop.c32          mbr_f.bin           syslinux.com
disk.c32            int18.com           memdisk             syslinux.exe
dmitest.c32         isohdpfx.bin        memdump.com         ver.com
dosutil/            isohdpfx_c.bin      meminfo.c32         vesainfo.c32
elf.c32             isohdpfx_f.bin      menu.c32            vesamenu.c32
ethersel.c32        isohdppx.bin        pcitest.c32         vpdtest.c32
gfxboot.c32         isohdppx_c.bin      pmload.c32          whichsys.c32
gptmbr.bin          isohdppx_f.bin      poweroff.com        zzjson.c32
[[email protected] tftpboot]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 .
[[email protected] tftpboot]# cp /mnt/images/pxeboot/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} .
[[email protected] tftpboot]# cp /mnt/isolinux/{vesamenu.c32,boot.msg} .
[[email protected] tftpboot]# ls
boot.msg  initrd.img  pxelinux.0  vesamenu.c32  vmlinuz
[[email protected] tftpboot]# mkdir pxelinux.cfg
[[email protected] tftpboot]# cp /mnt/isolinux/isolinux.cfg pxelinux.cfg/default
[[email protected] tftpboot]# vim pxelinux.cfg/default 

1 default linux

64   append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=ftp://192.168.56.25 ks=ftp://192.168.56.25/pub/ks.cfg quiet

配置vsftpd服務程式

[root@mail tftpboot]# yum install vsftpd -y
[root@mail tftpboot]# systemctl restart vsftpd
[root@mail tftpboot]# systemctl enable vsftpd
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/vsftpd.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/vsftpd.service'

[root@mail pub]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=ftp
success
[root@mail pub]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[root@mail pub]# setsebool -P ftpd_connect_all_unreserved=on

建立KickStart應答檔案

如果覺得系統預設自帶的應答檔案引數較少,不能滿足生產環境的需求,可以通過Yum倉庫安裝system-config-kickstart軟體包.這是一款圖形化的Kickstart應答檔案生成工具,可以根據自己的需求生成自定義的應答檔案.

[root@mail ~]# cp anaconda-ks.cfg /var/ftp/pub/ks.cfg
[root@mail pub]# chmod 755 /var/ftp/pub/ks.cfg 

6 url --url=ftp://192.168.56.25
21 timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc
29 clearpart --all --initlabel