#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<cstdlib>

using namespace std;

int main(){
	string str = "Be yourself";
	
	//提取字串, 從第三位開始, 長度為8 
	string sub_str = str.substr(3, 8);
	cout << "Substr:" << sub_str << endl;
	
	//在字串末尾新增字元, 不能是字串 
	str.push_back('!');
	cout << "Push_back:" << str << endl;
	
	//插入字串
	string insert_str = "-->";
	str.insert(2, insert_str);
	cout << "Insert:" << str << endl;
	//從第二位開始插入字串的一部分(第0位開始後的2個字元) 
	str.insert(2, insert_str, 0, 2);
	cout << "New_Insert:" << str << endl;
	
	//替換字串, 替換從下標為2的位置開始, 長度為2的字串 
	str.replace(2, 2, " ");
	cout << "Replace:" << str << endl;
	
	//刪除字串, 下標為2開始後的3個字元 
	str.erase(2, 4);
	cout << "Erase:" << str << endl;
	//str.begin(), str.end()返回的是迭代器 
	str.erase(str.begin() + 1, str.end() - 1);
	cout << "Erase:" << str << endl;
	
	str = "abcdefabc";
	//正向匹配 
	cout << "Find:" << str.find("abc") << endl;
	//逆向匹配 
	cout << "Rfind:" << str.rfind("abc") << endl;
	
	//拷貝從0開始的4個字元 
	string copy_str;
	copy_str.assign(str, 0, 4);
	cout << "Copy:" << copy_str << endl;
	
	//比較字串, 大於返回1, 相等返回0, 小於返回-1 
	string cmp_str1 = "abc";
	string cmp_str2 = "abb";
	int cmp_result = cmp_str1.compare(cmp_str2);
	cout << "Compare:" << cmp_result << endl; 
	
	//把整數寫入到字元陣列中
	char num_to_char[5];
	sprintf(num_to_char, "%d", 2333);
	cout << "Num_to_char:" << num_to_char << endl;
	
	//string轉化為int, 標準庫<cstdlib> 
	string str_to = "1.314";
	int str_to_int_result = atoi(str_to.c_str());
	cout << "Str_to_int.c_str():" << str_to.c_str() << endl;
	cout << "Str_to_int_result:" << str_to_int_result << endl;
	//string轉化為float
	double str_to_float_result = atof(str_to.c_str());
	cout << "Str_to_float_result:" << str_to_float_result << endl;
	
	//int轉化為string, 語言標準需設定成C++11 
	int int_to_str = 20;
	cout << "To_String:" << to_string(int_to_str) << endl; 
}
 

執行結果：