文章目錄

• 1 Docker安裝
• 2 Docker映象加速
• 3 Docker常用操作命令

1 Docker安裝

Docker 版本：
Docker從1.13版本之後採用時間線的方式作為版本號，分為社群版CE和企業版EE。

• 社群版（CE）是免費提供給個人開發者和小型團體使用的
• 企業版（EE）會提供額外的收費服務，比如經過官方測試認證過的基礎設施、容器、外掛等

由於Docker安裝需要，最好使用64位的作業系統且核心版本大於等於3.10。
Docker的安裝部署很簡單，可以先獲取到我們需要的docker-ce源，而後直接yum安裝，這裡介紹docker-ce的安裝。

wget -q https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum install docker-ce -y

2 Docker映象加速

docker映象加速器：

1. docker cn（docker在中國官方的加速站點，效果一般）
2. 阿里雲加速器（需要註冊個阿里雲賬號）
3. 中科大加速器

加速器配置檔案：

/etc/docker/daemon.json

配置加速器：

# 這裡我用的docker-cn，阿里雲加速器需要自己去註冊個賬號，然後阿里雲會分配專用加速器
[[email protected]
 
 ~]# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://registry.docker-cn.com"]
}
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start docker.service

3 Docker常用操作命令

幫助

[[email protected] ~]# docker --help 
[[email protected] ~]# docker image --help

檢視版本

[[email protected] ~]# docker version
Client:
 Version:           18.06.1-ce
 API version:       1.38
 Go version:        go1.10.3
 Git commit:        e68fc7a
 Built:             Tue Aug 21 17:23:03 2018
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Experimental:      false

Server:
 Engine:
  Version:          18.06.1-ce
  API version:      1.38 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.10.3
  Git commit:       e68fc7a
  Built:            Tue Aug 21 17:25:29 2018
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false

更詳細的資訊

[[email protected] ~]# docker info

pull一個映象

[[email protected] ~]# docker image pull nginx:1.14-alpine
[[email protected] ~]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
nginx               1.14-alpine         14d4a58e0d2e        7 weeks ago         17.4MB
[[email protected] ~]# docker image ls nginx

刪除映象

[[email protected] ~]# docker image rm busybox
[[email protected] ~]# docker rmi busybox

建立容器

[[email protected] ~]# docker run --name b1 -it busybox:latest
/ # ls
bin   dev   etc   home  proc  root  sys   tmp   usr   var
/ # pwd
/
/ # ls /bin

啟動httpd

/ # mkdir /data/html/ -p
/ # vi /data/html/index.html
Busybox httpd server
/ # httpd -f -h /data/html/

[[email protected] ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
009a12f4defc        busybox:latest      "sh"                6 minutes ago       Up 6 minutes                            b1 
[[email protected] ~]# docker inspect b1 | grep "IPAddress"
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
[[email protected] ~]# curl 172.17.0.2
Busybox httpd server

如果在docker busybox shell中按終止就會連線不上

[[email protected] ~]# curl 172.17.0.2
curl: (7) Failed connect to 172.17.0.2:80; Connection refused

啟動容器

[[email protected] ~]# docker start -ai b1
[[email protected] ~]# docker container start -ai b1

執行nginx

[[email protected] ~]# docker run --name web1 -d nginx:1.14-alpine 
[[email protected] ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
c859e333c65c        nginx:1.14-alpine   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   About a minute ago   Up 59 seconds       80/tcp              web1
[[email protected] ~]# docker inspect web1 | grep "IPAddress"
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
[[email protected] ~]# curl 172.17.0.2

啟動一個沒有映象的redis，只需要把版本號寫對即可

[[email protected] ~]# docker run --name kvstor1 -d redis:4-alpine
[[email protected] ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
e7ca0d93c496        redis:4-alpine      "docker-entrypoint.s…"   5 seconds ago       Up 3 seconds        6379/tcp            kvstor1
c859e333c65c        nginx:1.14-alpine   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   4 minutes ago       Up 3 minutes        80/tcp              web1

[[email protected] ~]# docker exec -it kvstor1 /bin/sh 
/data # ps
PID   USER     TIME  COMMAND
    1 redis     0:00 redis-server
   18 root      0:00 /bin/sh
   23 root      0:00 ps
/data # netstat -tnl
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:6379            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 :::6379                 :::*                    LISTEN      
/data # redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
(empty list or set)
127.0.0.1:6379> exit
/data # exit

檢視容器日誌

[[email protected] ~]# docker logs web1
172.17.0.1 - - [02/Nov/2018:01:12:42 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.29.0" "-"