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Linux下使用dd命令製作啟動盤

1.檢視掛載的U盤的裝置名稱,一般按照大概的容量或者拔插前的區別來看。此處U盤裝置名為sdd1

╰─$ sudo fdisk -l                                                           1 ↵
...

Disk /dev/sdd: 7.5 GiB, 8004304896 bytes, 15633408 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xf279747d

裝置       啟動 Start   末尾   扇區  Size Id 型別
/dev/sdd1          32 15633407 15633376  7.5G  c W95 FAT32 (LBA)

2.如果U盤還在掛載狀態,解除安裝它。否則,會提示裝置或資源正忙。

umount /dev/sdd1

3.格式化U盤。

sudo mkfs.ntfs -f /dev/sdd1

4.寫入啟動引導。

sudo dd if=/usr/lib/syslinux/mbr/mbr.bin of=/dev/sdd

5.將映象檔案寫入。其中 if 值為iso檔案路徑,of 值為要輸出到的裝置。

sudo dd if=/media/dts/000606BF00038C36/word/安裝光碟/作業系統/ubuntu_64.iso of=/dev/sdd1

如果想要看當前的進度和讀寫速度,可以另開一個終端,執行

sudo watch -n 5 killall -USR1 dd

即,對於dd命令,每5秒顯示一次進度。然後再回到之前的終端就可以看到每5秒一次的進度輸出了。

如下所示:

記錄了6378916+0 的讀入
記錄了6378916+0 的寫出
3266004992 bytes (3.3 GB, 3.0 GiB) copied, 734.875 s, 4.4 MB/s

注:僅能製作Linux啟動盤,如果想要製作windows,建議使用ultra ISO。

參考:

dd命令幫助

用法:dd [運算元] ...
 或:dd 選項
Copy a file, converting and formatting according to the operands.

  bs=BYTES        read and write up to BYTES bytes at a time
  cbs=BYTES       convert BYTES bytes at a time
  conv=CONVS      convert the file as per the comma separated symbol list
  count=N         copy only N input blocks
  ibs=BYTES       read up to BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512)
  if=FILE         read from FILE instead of stdin
  iflag=FLAGS     read as per the comma separated symbol list
  obs=BYTES       write BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512)
  of=FILE         write to FILE instead of stdout
  oflag=FLAGS     write as per the comma separated symbol list
  seek=N          skip N obs-sized blocks at start of output
  skip=N          skip N ibs-sized blocks at start of input
  status=LEVEL    The LEVEL of information to print to stderr;
                  'none' suppresses everything but error messages,
                  'noxfer' suppresses the final transfer statistics,
                  'progress' shows periodic transfer statistics

N and BYTES may be followed by the following multiplicative suffixes:
c =1, w =2, b =512, kB =1000, K =1024, MB =1000*1000, M =1024*1024, xM =M
GB =1000*1000*1000, G =1024*1024*1024, and so on for T, P, E, Z, Y.

Each CONV symbol may be:

  ascii     from EBCDIC to ASCII
  ebcdic    from ASCII to EBCDIC
  ibm       from ASCII to alternate EBCDIC
  block     pad newline-terminated records with spaces to cbs-size
  unblock   replace trailing spaces in cbs-size records with newline
  lcase     change upper case to lower case
  ucase     change lower case to upper case
  sparse    try to seek rather than write the output for NUL input blocks
  swab      swap every pair of input bytes
  sync      pad every input block with NULs to ibs-size; when used
            with block or unblock, pad with spaces rather than NULs
  excl		fail if the output file already exists
  nocreat	do not create the output file
  notrunc	不截斷輸出檔案
  noerror	讀取資料發生錯誤後仍然繼續
  fdatasync	結束前將輸出檔案資料寫入磁碟
  fsync	類似上面,但是元資料也一同寫入

FLAG 符號可以是:

  append	追加模式(僅對輸出有意義;隱含了conv=notrunc)
  direct	使用直接I/O 存取模式
  directory	除非是目錄,否則 directory 失敗
  dsync		使用同步I/O 存取模式
  sync		與上者類似,但同時也對元資料生效
  fullblock	為輸入積累完整塊(僅iflag)
  nonblock	使用無阻塞I/O 存取模式
  noatime	不更新存取時間
  nocache   Request to drop cache.  See also oflag=sync
  noctty	不根據檔案指派控制終端
  nofollow	不跟隨連結檔案
  count_bytes  treat 'count=N' as a byte count (iflag only)
  skip_bytes  treat 'skip=N' as a byte count (iflag only)
  seek_bytes  treat 'seek=N' as a byte count (oflag only)

Sending a USR1 signal to a running 'dd' process makes it
print I/O statistics to standard error and then resume copying.

Options are:

      --help		顯示此幫助資訊並退出
      --version		顯示版本資訊並退出

GNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
請向<http://translationproject.org/team/zh_CN.html> 報告dd 的翻譯錯誤
Full documentation at: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/dd>
or available locally via: info '(coreutils) dd invocation'