Oracle RAC環境下ASM磁碟組擴容

阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-13

生產環境注意調整以下引數：
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+ 1.節點間滾動新增UDEV磁碟
+ 2.ASM 記憶體大小
+ 3.POWER_LIMIT別弄太大
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

實驗環境 

--系統環境:Centos 6.10
--資料庫：Oracle 11g RAC
--磁碟繫結：udev

實驗目的
--儲存空間不足，需要給磁碟組DATA加一塊磁碟


準備工作
    1.檢查各個節點database、asm及grid日誌是否有錯誤資訊


    2.檢查各個節點服務狀態(切換到grid使用者)
      --列出資料庫名
        [[email protected] ~]$ srvctl config database 
        RacNode
        [[email protected] ~]$ 
        
      --例項狀態
        [ 
[email protected] ~]$ srvctl status database -d  RacNode 
        Instance RacNode1 is running on node node1
        Instance RacNode2 is running on node node2
        [[email protected] ~]$  
        
      --叢集狀態:
        [[email protected] ~]$ crsctl check cluster -all 
        **************************************************************
        node1:
        CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online
        CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online
        CRS-4533: Event Manager is online
        **************************************************************
        node2:
        CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online
        CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online
        CRS-4533: Event Manager is online
        **************************************************************
        [ 
[email protected] ~]$  
        
      --叢集資源狀態
        [[email protected] ~]$ crsctl status res -t   

    3.ASM磁碟組及磁碟檢查
        [[email protected] ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
        [[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
        SQL> conn /as sysasm
        
        --顯示使用ASM磁碟組的資料庫
        SQL> col INSTANCE_NAME format a20
        SQL> col SOFTWARE_VERSION format a20
        SQL> select * from gv$asm_client order by 1,2;

           INST_ID GROUP_NUMBER INSTANCE_NAME        DB_NAME  STATUS       SOFTWARE_VERSION     COMPATIBLE_VERSION
        ---------- ------------ -------------------- -------- ------------ -------------------- ---------------------
                 1            1 RacNode1             RacNode  CONNECTED    11.2.0.4.0           11.2.0.4.0
                 1            1 +ASM1                +ASM     CONNECTED    11.2.0.4.0           11.2.0.4.0
                 1            3 +ASM1                +ASM     CONNECTED    11.2.0.4.0           11.2.0.4.0
                 2            1 RacNode2             RacNode  CONNECTED    11.2.0.4.0           11.2.0.4.0
                 2            1 +ASM2                +ASM     CONNECTED    11.2.0.4.0           11.2.0.4.0
                 2            3 +ASM2                +ASM     CONNECTED    11.2.0.4.0           11.2.0.4.0
        SQL>

        --顯示磁碟組
        SQL> select group_number,name,state,type,total_mb,free_mb,usable_file_mb,allocation_unit_size/1024/1024 unit_mb from v$asm_diskgroup order by 1;

        GROUP_NUMBER NAME                           STATE       TYPE     TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB USABLE_FILE_MB    UNIT_MB
        ------------ ------------------------------ ----------- ------ ---------- ---------- -------------- ----------
                   1 DATA                           MOUNTED     NORMAL       4096        477           -273          1
                   2 FLASH                          MOUNTED     EXTERN       2048       1951           1951          1
                   3 OCRVOTE                        MOUNTED     NORMAL       3072       2146            561          1
        SQL>

        --顯示磁碟
        SQL> col NAME format a25
        SQL> col PATH format a40
        SQL> col FAILGROUP format a25
        SQL> select group_number,name,path,mount_status,state,redundancy,total_mb,free_mb,failgroup,create_date from v$asm_disk order by 1,2;

        GROUP_NUMBER NAME                      PATH                                     MOUNT_S STATE    REDUNDA   TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB FAILGROUP                 CREATE_DA
        ------------ ------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------- -------- ------- ---------- ---------- ------------------------- ---------
                   1 DATA_0000                 /dev/asm-data01                          CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        118 DATA_0000                 11-DEC-18
                   1 DATA_0001                 /dev/asm-data02                          CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        125 DATA_0001                 11-DEC-18
                   1 DATA_0002                 /dev/asm-data03                          CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        115 DATA_0002                 11-DEC-18
                   1 DATA_0003                 /dev/asm-data04                          CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        119 DATA_0003                 11-DEC-18
                   2 FLASH_0000                /dev/asm-arch01                          CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        975 FLASH_0000                11-DEC-18
                   2 FLASH_0001                /dev/asm-arch02                          CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        976 FLASH_0001                11-DEC-18
                   3 OCRVOTE_0000              /dev/asm-ocrvote01                       CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        715 OCRVOTE_0000              11-DEC-18
                   3 OCRVOTE_0001              /dev/asm-ocrvote02                       CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        715 OCRVOTE_0001              11-DEC-18
                   3 OCRVOTE_0002              /dev/asm-ocrvote03                       CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        716 OCRVOTE_0002              11-DEC-18
        SQL>

    4.系統層面UDEV資訊
        [[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules
        KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB132e6928-d49d18d4", NAME="asm-ocrvote01", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
        KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB58647ee7-b466963a", NAME="asm-ocrvote02", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
        KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB4c771d58-f17105b9", NAME="asm-ocrvote03", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
        KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB88c685cb-3a4633f4", NAME="asm-data01", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
        KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB1b30fd18-af14e003", NAME="asm-data02", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
        KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB67a4423a-e151f28b", NAME="asm-data03", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
        KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB81f04366-170fc910", NAME="asm-data04", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
        KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB9a0f6e52-bcfcb52c", NAME="asm-arch01", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
        KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB1f2bac75-512a46ae", NAME="asm-arch02", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
        [[email protected] ~]# 
        [[email protected] ~]# ll /dev/asm-*
        brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8,  16 Dec 12 17:22 /dev/asm-arch01
        brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8,  32 Dec 12 16:21 /dev/asm-arch02
        brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8,  48 Dec 12 17:22 /dev/asm-data01
        brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8,  64 Dec 12 17:22 /dev/asm-data02
        brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8,  80 Dec 12 17:22 /dev/asm-data03
        brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8,  96 Dec 12 17:22 /dev/asm-data04
        brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 112 Dec 12 17:22 /dev/asm-ocrvote01
        brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 128 Dec 12 17:22 /dev/asm-ocrvote02
        brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 144 Dec 12 17:22 /dev/asm-ocrvote03
        [[email protected] ~]# 
        

進入實驗階段        
    1.停止對應資料庫的業務
    2.檢查資料庫會話及停止監聽
      --檢查各個節點監聽狀態
        [[email protected] ~]$ srvctl status listener -n node1
        Listener LISTENER is enabled on node(s): node1
        Listener LISTENER is running on node(s): node1
        [[email protected] ~]$ srvctl status listener -n node2
        Listener LISTENER is enabled on node(s): node2
        Listener LISTENER is running on node(s): node2
        [[email protected] ~]$ 
      
      --禁止監聽自啟動
        [[email protected] ~]$ srvctl disable listener -n node1
        [[email protected] ~]$ srvctl disable listener -n node2  
            
      --停止監聽
        [[email protected] ~]$ srvctl stop listener -n node1
        [[email protected] ~]$ srvctl stop listener -n node2
            
      --檢視停止及關閉自啟後的監聽狀態    
        [[email protected] ~]$ srvctl status listener -n node1
        Listener LISTENER is disabled on node(s): node1
        Listener LISTENER is not running on node(s): node1
        [[email protected] ~]$ srvctl status listener -n node2
        Listener LISTENER is disabled on node(s): node2
        Listener LISTENER is not running on node(s): node2
        [[email protected] ~]$        
            
    3.關閉資料庫
      --檢查資料庫配置
        [[email protected] ~]$ srvctl config database -d RacNode
        Database unique name: RacNode
        Database name: RacNode
        Oracle home: /u01/app/oracle/11.2.0/dbhome_1
        Oracle user: oracle
        Spfile: +DATA/RacNode/spfileRacNode.ora
        Domain: 
        Start options: open
        Stop options: immediate
        Database role: PRIMARY
        Management policy: AUTOMATIC
        Server pools: RacNode
        Database instances: RacNode1,RacNode2
        Disk Groups: DATA
        Mount point paths: 
        Services: 
        Type: RAC
        Database is administrator managed
        [[email protected] ~]$ 
            
      --禁止資料庫自啟動（需切換root使用者）
        [[email protected] ~]# cd /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin
        [[email protected] bin]# ./srvctl disable database -d RacNode
        [[email protected] bin]#  
            
      --關閉資料庫
        [[email protected] ~]$ srvctl stop database -d  RacNode
        [[email protected] ~]$       
            
      --檢查關閉後資料庫狀態
        [[email protected] ~]$ srvctl status database -d  RacNode 
        Instance RacNode1 is not running on node node1
        Instance RacNode2 is not running on node node2
        [[email protected] ~]$  
            
    4.關閉叢集軟體
      --檢視各個節點叢集是否為自啟動        
        [[email protected] bin]# ./crsctl config has
        CRS-4622: Oracle High Availability Services autostart is enabled.
        [[email protected] bin]#    
        [[email protected] bin]# ./crsctl config has
        CRS-4622: Oracle High Availability Services autostart is enabled.    
                
      --禁止各個節點的自啟動
        [[email protected] bin]# ./crsctl disable has
        CRS-4621: Oracle High Availability Services autostart is disabled.
        [[email protected] bin]#
        [[email protected] bin]# ./crsctl disable has
        CRS-4621: Oracle High Availability Services autostart is disabled.
        [[email protected] bin]# 

      --檢視各個節點禁止自啟動是否生效
        [[email protected] bin]# ./crsctl config has
        CRS-4621: Oracle High Availability Services autostart is disabled.
        [[email protected] bin]# 
        [[email protected] bin]# ./crsctl config has
        CRS-4621: Oracle High Availability Services autostart is disabled.
        [[email protected] bin]# 

      --停止各個節點叢集
        [[email protected] bin]# ./crsctl stop has
        [[email protected] bin]# ./crsctl stop has

    5.系統層面新增磁碟(儲存工程師協助完成)


    6.各個節點使用UDEV新增磁碟
      --確定碟符
        fdisk -l
        /dev/sdk
        /dev/sdl
        /dev/sdm
        /dev/sdn

      --獲取繫結規則
        for i in k l m n
        do  
        echo "KERNEL==\"sd*\", BUS==\"scsi\", PROGRAM==\"/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/\$name\", RESULT==\"`/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/sd$i`\", NAME=\"asm-disk$i\", OWNER=\"grid\", GROUP=\"asmadmin\", MODE=\"0660\""  
        done

        KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB00e4d091-5990307e", NAME="asm-data05", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
        KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB8bc8125c-72dacc92", NAME="asm-data06", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
        KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBc195c913-00f6c68e", NAME="asm-data07", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
        KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB720e4cca-32c20936", NAME="asm-data08", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

      --各個節點將規則新增到rule檔案99-oracle-asmdevices.rules
      
      --重啟udev
        [[email protected] rules.d]# start_udev
        [[email protected] rules.d]# start_udev


      --確認新增磁碟，確保各個節點可以識別到磁碟且一致
        [[email protected] rules.d]# ll /dev/asm-*
        brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8,  16 Dec 13 16:02 /dev/asm-arch01
        brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8,  32 Dec 13 16:02 /dev/asm-arch02
        brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8,  48 Dec 13 16:02 /dev/asm-data01
        brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8,  64 Dec 13 16:02 /dev/asm-data02
        brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8,  80 Dec 13 16:02 /dev/asm-data03
        brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8,  96 Dec 13 16:02 /dev/asm-data04
        brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 160 Dec 13 16:13 /dev/asm-data05
        brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 176 Dec 13 16:13 /dev/asm-data06
        brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 192 Dec 13 16:13 /dev/asm-data07
        brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 208 Dec 13 16:13 /dev/asm-data08
        brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 112 Dec 13 16:02 /dev/asm-ocrvote01
        brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 128 Dec 13 16:02 /dev/asm-ocrvote02
        brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 144 Dec 13 16:02 /dev/asm-ocrvote03
        [[email protected] rules.d]#

    7.啟動叢集
        [[email protected] bin]# ./crsctl start has
        CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.
        [[email protected] bin]# ./crsctl start has
        CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.
        [[email protected] bin]# 

      --檢查叢集的各個元件是否啟動正常
        [[email protected] ~]$ crsctl status res -t
        
        此時，監聽和資料庫服務是停掉的
        
    8.ASM擴容
      --檢查asm是否識別到未新增的磁碟
        SQL> set line 200
        SQL> col NAME format a25
        SQL> col PATH format a40
        SQL> col FAILGROUP format a25
        SQL> select group_number,name,path,mount_status,state,redundancy,total_mb,free_mb,failgroup,create_date from v$asm_disk order by 1,2;

        GROUP_NUMBER NAME                      PATH                                     MOUNT_S STATE    REDUNDA   TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB FAILGROUP                 CREATE_DA
        ------------ ------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------- -------- ------- ---------- ---------- ------------------------- ---------
                   0                           /dev/asm-data07                          CLOSED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN          0          0
                   0                           /dev/asm-data08                          CLOSED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN          0          0
                   0                           /dev/asm-data06                          CLOSED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN          0          0
                   0                           /dev/asm-data05                          CLOSED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN          0          0
                   1 DATA_0000                 /dev/asm-data01                          CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        118 DATA_0000                 11-DEC-18
                   1 DATA_0001                 /dev/asm-data02                          CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        125 DATA_0001                 11-DEC-18
                   1 DATA_0002                 /dev/asm-data03                          CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        115 DATA_0002                 11-DEC-18
                   1 DATA_0003                 /dev/asm-data04                          CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        119 DATA_0003                 11-DEC-18
                   2 FLASH_0000                /dev/asm-arch01                          CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        975 FLASH_0000                11-DEC-18
                   2 FLASH_0001                /dev/asm-arch02                          CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        976 FLASH_0001                11-DEC-18
                   3 OCRVOTE_0000              /dev/asm-ocrvote01                       CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        715 OCRVOTE_0000              11-DEC-18
                   3 OCRVOTE_0001              /dev/asm-ocrvote02                       CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        715 OCRVOTE_0001              11-DEC-18
                   3 OCRVOTE_0002              /dev/asm-ocrvote03                       CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        716 OCRVOTE_0002              11-DEC-18
        SQL>    

      --給磁碟組DATA新增磁碟
        SQL> alter diskgroup DATA add disk '/dev/asm-data05' rebalance power 5;
        SQL> alter diskgroup DATA add disk '/dev/asm-data06' rebalance power 5;
        注：rebalance power的級別從1到11中選擇一個數值；數值越大，rebalance速度越快，對現有執行系統影響也越大。需要根據當時業務權衡選擇適合的級別；

      --監控磁碟組rebalance完成情況
        select * from v$asm_operation;


      --檢查新增結果（本次實驗有2塊盤未新增）
        SQL> col name format a20
        SQL> set line 200
        SQL> col name format a20
        SQL> col path format a40
        SQL> select group_number,name,path,mount_status,state,redundancy,total_mb,free_mb,failgroup,create_date from v$asm_disk order by 1,2;

        GROUP_NUMBER NAME                 PATH                                     MOUNT_S STATE    REDUNDA   TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB FAILGROUP                      CREATE_DA
        ------------ -------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------- -------- ------- ---------- ---------- ------------------------------ ---------
                   0                      /dev/asm-data08                          CLOSED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN          0          0
                   0                      /dev/asm-data06                          CLOSED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN          0          0
                   0                      /dev/asm-data07                          CLOSED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN          0          0
                   1 DATA_0000            /dev/asm-data01                          CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        300 DATA_0000                      11-DEC-18
                   1 DATA_0001            /dev/asm-data02                          CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        297 DATA_0001                      11-DEC-18
                   1 DATA_0002            /dev/asm-data03                          CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        298 DATA_0002                      11-DEC-18
                   1 DATA_0003            /dev/asm-data04                          CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        298 DATA_0003                      11-DEC-18
                   1 DATA_0004            /dev/asm-data05                          CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        306 DATA_0004                      13-DEC-18
                   2 FLASH_0000           /dev/asm-arch01                          CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        975 FLASH_0000                     11-DEC-18
                   2 FLASH_0001           /dev/asm-arch02                          CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        976 FLASH_0001                     11-DEC-18
                   3 OCRVOTE_0000         /dev/asm-ocrvote01                       CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        715 OCRVOTE_0000                   11-DEC-18
                   3 OCRVOTE_0001         /dev/asm-ocrvote02                       CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        715 OCRVOTE_0001                   11-DEC-18
                   3 OCRVOTE_0002         /dev/asm-ocrvote03                       CACHED  NORMAL   UNKNOWN       1024        716 OCRVOTE_0002                   11-DEC-18
        SQL>   

    9.啟動資料庫
        --啟動資料庫自啟動服務（ora.racnode.db），否則無法用srvctl啟動資料庫
        [[email protected] bin]# ./srvctl enable database -d RacNode
        [[email protected] bin]#   
        [grid[email protected] ~]$ srvctl start database -d  RacNode
        [[email protected] ~]$ srvctl status database -d  RacNode 
        Instance RacNode1 is running on node node1
        Instance RacNode2 is running on node node2
        [[email protected] ~]$        
            
    10.啟動監聽
        --啟動監聽自啟動服務，否則無法用srvctl啟動資料庫
        [[email protected] ~]$ srvctl enable listener -n node1
        [[email protected] ~]$ srvctl enable listener -n node2    
        [[email protected] ~]$ srvctl start listener -n node1
        [[email protected] ~]$ srvctl start listener -n node2

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