一、系統環境

 [[email protected] home]# cat /etc/RedHat-release

 CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)

二、mysql安裝

 安裝mysql和mysql-devel都成功，但是安裝mysql-server失敗，如下：

[[email protected] home]# yum install mysql-server
 
 沒有可用軟體包 mysql-server。
 錯誤：無須任何處理

出現這樣問題是CentOS 7 版本將MySQL資料庫軟體從預設的程式列表中移除，用mariadb代替了

有兩種解決辦法：

1、方法一：官網下載安裝mysql-server

# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
# yum install mysql-community-server

安裝成功後重啟mysql服務

    # service mysqld restart

初次安裝mysql，root賬戶沒有密碼

[[email protected] lzh]# mysql -u root 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.6.26 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

設定密碼

mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost' =password('password');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

安裝完以後mariadb自動就被替換了，將不再生效。

[[email protected] lzh]# rpm -qa |grep mariadb

 2、方法二：安裝mariadb

MariaDB資料庫管理系統是MySQL的一個分支，採用GPL授權許可 MariaDB的目的是完全相容MySQL，包括API和命令列，使之能輕鬆成為MySQL的代替品。MariaDB由MySQL的創始人Michael Widenius（英語：Michael Widenius）主導開發，他早前將自己建立的公司MySQL AB賣給了SUN，此後，隨著SUN被甲骨文收購，MySQL的所有權也落入

安裝mariadb，輸入安裝命令

[[email protected] home]# yum install mariadb-server mariadb

mariadb資料庫的相關命令是：

   systemctl start mariadb  #啟動MariaDB

   systemctl stop mariadb  #停止MariaDB

   systemctl restart mariadb  #重啟MariaDB

   systemctl enable mariadb  #設定開機啟動

先啟動資料庫

  [[email protected] yl]# systemctl start mariadb

  預設無密碼

[[email protected] lzh]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 6
Server version: 5.5.52-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)