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李航-統計學習方法-習題-第九章

9.2 證明引理 9.2. 引理 9.2P~θ(Z)=P(ZY,θ)\widetilde P_\theta(Z)=P(Z|Y,\theta),則 F(P~,θ)=logP(Yθ) F(\widetilde P, \theta)=logP(Y|\theta). 證明: F(P~,θ)=EP~[logP(Y,Zθ)]+H(P~)=EP~[logP(Y,Zθ)]EP~logP~(Z)=ZlogP(Y,Zθ)P~θ(Z)ZlogP~(Z)P~(Z)=ZlogP(Y,Zθ)P(ZY,θ)ZlogP(ZY,θ)

P(ZY,θ)=ZP(ZY,θ)(logP(Y,Zθ)logP(ZY,θ))=ZP(ZY,θ)logP(Y,Zθ)P(ZY,θ)=ZP(ZY,θ)logP(Yθ)=logP(Yθ)ZP(ZY,θ)=logP(Yθ)1=logP(Yθ) \begin{aligned} F(\widetilde P, \theta) &= E_{\widetilde P}[logP(Y,Z|\theta)]+H(\widetilde P) \\ &= E_{\widetilde P}[logP(Y,Z|\theta)]-E_{\widetilde P}log\widetilde P(Z) \\ &= \sum_ZlogP(Y,Z|\theta)\widetilde P_\theta(Z) - \sum_Zlog\widetilde P(Z)\widetilde P(Z) \\ &= \sum_ZlogP(Y,Z|\theta)P(Z|Y,\theta)- \sum_ZlogP(Z|Y,\theta)P(Z|Y,\theta) \\ &= \sum_ZP(Z|Y,\theta)(logP(Y,Z|\theta)-logP(Z|Y,\theta)) \\ &= \sum_ZP(Z|Y,\theta)log\dfrac{P(Y,Z|\theta)}{P(Z|Y,\theta)} \\ &= \sum_ZP(Z|Y,\theta)logP(Y|\theta) \\ &= logP(Y|\theta)\sum_ZP(Z|Y,\theta) \\ &= logP(Y|\theta)\cdot1 \\ &= logP(Y|\theta) \end{aligned}
證畢.