啟用歸檔

--檢查是否為歸檔
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode              No Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Disabled
Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence     1423
Current log sequence           1425

No Archive Mode 表示非歸檔模式

開歸檔：
alter database archivelog;

關歸檔：
alter database noarchivelog;

★ 開啟歸檔步驟
--關庫
shutdown immediate;

startup mount;

--配置歸檔路徑

alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/home/oracle/arch';

--開啟歸檔
alter database archivelog;
-- 確認開啟了歸檔

SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode              Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            /home/oracle/arch
Oldest online log sequence     1423
Next log sequence to archive   1425
Current log sequence           1425

Rman備份

前置條件

開啟控制檔案自動備份，否則在做全量備份時，rman也會生成控制檔案快照，只是這個控制檔案快照生於備份集產生，不包含最後一次的備份資訊，因而不能用於最後一次備份集恢復，所以一定要開啟控制檔案自動備份。

相關指令碼

[[email protected] rmans]$ cat startrmans.sh 
#!/bin/bash

bak_dir=/home/oracle/rmans
# mkdir -p $bak_dir/{logs,data}
day=`date +%Y%m%d`

echo "$day begin backup."

rman target / @$bak_dir/fullbak.sql log=$bak_dir/logs/fullbak`date +%Y%m%d`.log

echo "$day end backup."
[
 
[email protected] rmans]$ cat fullbak.sql 
run{
backup full database
include current controlfile
format '/home/oracle/rmans/data/fullback_%d_%T_%s';
}

rman備份集清理

手工刪除了備份集磁碟檔案後，使用crosscheck backupset  檢查會提示EXPIRED.

RMAN> crosscheck backupset ;

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=776 device type=DISK
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/rmans/data/fullback_ORCL_20181217_2 RECID=1 STAMP=995105790
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/rmans/data/fullback_ORCL_20181217_3 RECID=2 STAMP=995107713
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/rmans/data/fullback_ORCL_20181217_4 RECID=3 STAMP=995107750
Crosschecked 3 objects

RMAN>  delete expired backupset; 

using channel ORA_DISK_1

List of Backup Pieces
BP Key  BS Key  Pc# Cp# Status      Device Type Piece Name
------- ------- --- --- ----------- ----------- ----------
1       1       1   1   EXPIRED     DISK        /home/oracle/rmans/data/fullback_ORCL_20181217_2
2       2       1   1   EXPIRED     DISK        /home/oracle/rmans/data/fullback_ORCL_20181217_3
3       3       1   1   EXPIRED     DISK        /home/oracle/rmans/data/fullback_ORCL_20181217_4

Do you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? YES
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/rmans/data/fullback_ORCL_20181217_2 RECID=1 STAMP=995105790
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/rmans/data/fullback_ORCL_20181217_3 RECID=2 STAMP=995107713
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/rmans/data/fullback_ORCL_20181217_4 RECID=3 STAMP=995107750
Deleted 3 EXPIRED objects