openstack--JUNO10搭建手冊整理6:Launch an instance 建立例項
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-18
#在controller節點上利用OpenStack Networking(neutron)啟動一個例項 10.1建立金鑰對 大多數雲映象使用公鑰認證，這有別於傳統的使用者名稱/密碼認證。在啟動一個例項之前，你必須使用ssh-keygen命令生成一個金鑰對，並將公鑰新增到你的OpenStack環境。
10.1.1、執行demo環境變數指令碼 source demo-open
10.1.2、生成金鑰對 ssh-keygen
#一路回車預設
10.1.3、新增公鑰到OpenStack環境 nova keypair-add --pub-key ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub demo-key
10.1.4、驗證公鑰是否新增成功
nova keypair-list +----------+-------------------------------------------------+ | Name | Fingerprint | +----------+-------------------------------------------------+ | demo-key | 25:c3:16:2a:f5:de:72:ad:ec:e5:88:93:d3:48:fa:c3 | +----------+-------------------------------------------------+
10.2啟動一個例項 要啟動一個例項，你必須最少指定flavor(雲主機型別)，image name(映象名)，network(網路)，security group(安全組)，key(金鑰)和instance name(例項名)。
10.2.1檢視可用的flavor: # flavor用來指定一個虛擬的獨立分配的資源。包括cpu，記憶體和儲存。
nova flavor-list +----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+ | ID | Name | Memory_MB | Disk | Ephemeral | Swap | VCPUs | RXTX_Factor | Is_Public | +----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+ | 1 | m1.tiny | 512 | 1 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True | | 2 | m1.small | 2048 | 20 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True | | 3 | m1.medium | 4096 | 40 | 0 | | 2 | 1.0 | True | | 4 | m1.large | 8192 | 80 | 0 | | 4 | 1.0 | True | | 5 | m1.xlarge | 16384 | 160 | 0 | | 8 | 1.0 | True | +----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
10.2.2列出可用的映象
nova image-list
+--------------------------------------+---------------------+--------+--------+
| ID | Name | Status | Server |
+--------------------------------------+---------------------+--------+--------+
| eb6d5a72-06fe-47c4-9506-25a629195a71 | cirros-0.3.3-x86_64 | ACTIVE | |
+--------------------------------------+---------------------+--------+--------+10.2.3列出可用的網路
neutron net-list
+--------------------------------------+----------+----------------------------------------------------+
| id | name | subnets |
+--------------------------------------+----------+----------------------------------------------------+
| 42a1e473-cba8-4bf3-9c8c-4f5a91cb978d | demo-net | ae54ef75-a3fc-40db-b681-1963a44ebc35 10.68.88.0/24 |
| 99f734d9-92b6-4711-ba67-a99d0014e72d | ext-net | 1623e5b8-8fb2-4876-8b5b-ec1690eeb252 20.20.20.0/24 |
+--------------------------------------+----------+----------------------------------------------------+10.2.4列出可用的安全組
nova secgroup-list
+--------------------------------------+---------+-------------+
| Id | Name | Description |
+--------------------------------------+---------+-------------+
| 879ef16e-ccb9-4c27-bdb6-b968a76c4e91 | default | default |
+--------------------------------------+---------+-------------+10.2.5啟動例項
模板：nova boot --flavor m1.tiny --image cirros-0.3.3-x86_64 --nic net-id=DEMO_NET_ID --security-group default --key-name demo-key demo-instance1 （instance1 只是一個名字，也可以改成別的名字 ）
[[email protected] ~]# nova boot --flavor m1.tiny --image cirros-0.3.3-x86_64 --nic net-id=42a1e473-cba8-4bf3-9c8c-4f5a91cb978d --security-group default --key-name demo-key demo-instance1
+--------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+--------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | nova |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | 0 |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | scheduling |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | - |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | - |
| accessIPv4 | |
| accessIPv6 | |
| adminPass | yC7utCmPDBgr |
| config_drive | |
| created | 2018-10-08T09:41:45Z |
| flavor | m1.tiny (1) |
| hostId | |
| id | 4dd1c8b7-1d26-437f-a9d8-c3de59cf3fe9 |
| image | cirros-0.3.3-x86_64 (8dd678c1-2ec3-4a01-aa50-0351e5cdb51c) |
| key_name | demo-key |
| metadata | {} |
| name | demo-instance1 |
| os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | [] |
| progress | 0 |
| security_groups | default |
| status | BUILD |
| tenant_id | f9b371bdb07744b4893e8f3ec0502314 |
| updated | 2018-10-08T09:41:46Z |
| user_id | e4b4b5aaecb84d4b98183101560b2556 |
+--------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+10.2.6檢視例項狀態
正常狀態
如果有報錯，請參考我下一篇文章。
10.3通過虛擬控制檯訪問你的例項
可進入以下介面：
login:cirros password:cubswin:)
10.4遠端訪問你建立的例項 10.4.1新增規則到名為default的安全組： a.允許ICMP協議(ping)：
nova secgroup-add-rule default icmp -1 -1 0.0.0.0/0
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| IP Protocol | From Port | To Port | IP Range | Source Group |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| icmp | -1 | -1 | 0.0.0.0/0 | |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+b.允許ssh協議：
nova secgroup-add-rule default tcp 22 22 0.0.0.0/0
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| IP Protocol | From Port | To Port | IP Range | Source Group |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| tcp | 22 | 22 | 0.0.0.0/0 | |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+10.4.2在ext-net外部網路建立一個浮動IP地址：
neutron floatingip-create ext-net
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
| fixed_ip_address | |
| floating_ip_address | 20.20.20.52 |
| floating_network_id | 8f121516-2b8d-4944-a64d-4f5df5dd156f |
| id | 54b0c4bc-3f94-480b-a34b-d6834ef01e2c |
| port_id | |
| router_id | |
| status | DOWN |
| tenant_id | bb494ab439a94165998b791880eacd0e |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+10.4.3分配浮動IP地址到你的例項： nova floating-ip-associate demo-instance2 20.20.20.52 10.4.4檢查你的浮動IP地址狀態：
nova list
+-----------------------------------+----------------+--------+------------+-------------+----------------------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+-----------------------------------+----------------+--------+------------+-------------+----------------------------------+
| 4ddb7-1d26-437f-a9d8-c3de59cf3fe9 | demo-instance2 | ACTIVE | - | Running | demo-net=10.68.88.4, 20.20.20.52 |
+-----------------------------------+----------------+--------+------------+-------------+----------------------------------+
10.4.5測試
用x-shellwgbf20.20.20.52，建立1.txt，novnc檢視
在vnc虛擬主機中可以看到剛才建立的1.txt
由此可知：10.68.88.4與 20.20.20.52繫結是成功的，20.20.20.52為外網提供訪問的ip，但實際ip為建立的10.68.88.4你可以進入openstack web頁面自己去試一下，怎麼快速建立一個主機，怎麼給它分配ip，繫結外部網路，在此，我就不再一一細說了。
至此，有關openstack專案的所有實驗均已完畢，如果你能看到這，謝謝你，把我寫的這些有用的，沒用的都看一邊。
學無止境，繼續努力向前！