1. 程式人生 > >Linux基礎命令-軟體下載-YUM

Linux基礎命令-軟體下載-YUM

  • 首先備份/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

使用mv命令備份檔案,一般在檔案後面加.backup mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo       CentOS-fasttrack.repo  CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo  CentOS-Media.repo
[
[email protected]
yum.repos.d]# mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.backup [[email protected] yum.repos.d]# ls CentOS-Base.repo.backup CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Vault.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Media.repo [[email protected] yum.repos.d]# rm -rf *.repo [[email protected]
yum.repos.d]# ls CentOS-Base.repo.backup
  • 下載對應版本repo檔案, 放入/etc/yum.repos.d/(操作前請做好相應備份)

下載前先安裝 wget 命令:yum -y install wget

  • 163的yum源
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS5-Base-163.repo
  • 阿里雲的yum源
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

或者

curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

CentOS 6

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo

或者

curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo

CentOS 5

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-5.repo

或者

curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-5.repo
  • 執行以下命令生成快取

    yum clean all yum makecache

  1. python3下載:
wget -O /home/Python-3.7.1.tgz https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.1/Python-3.7.1.tgz
  1. 到下載目錄下解壓python3原始檔

開啟下載目錄:cd /home 解壓命令: tar -zxvf Python-3.7.1.tgz

  1. 安裝支援庫檔案

命令:yum -y install gcc zlib* opensll*

  1. 預編譯C檔案

命令: ./configure --prefix=/usr/Python-3.7.1 --enable-optimizations

  1. 編譯檔案

命令:make

  1. 安裝檔案

命令make install

  1. 配置環境變數

①開啟安裝目錄下的bin目錄

命令:cd /usr/Python-3.7.1/bin

②查詢PATH

命令:echo $PATH

③用命令:pwd,獲取當前目錄路徑,方便第四步複製路徑

[[email protected] bin]# pwd /usr/Python-3.7.1/bin

④在環境變數追加路徑

命令:PATH=$PATH:/usr/Python-3.7.1/bin

  1. 更改輸入命令python啟動為python3程式

①備份/usr/bin/python

開啟檔案目錄命令:cd /usr/bin 備份目錄命令: mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python.backup

②連結檔案目錄

ln -s /usr/Python-3.7.1/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python

③檢測是否成功

輸入命令:python

執行的是3.7.1的python

[[email protected] bin]# python
Python 3.7.1 (default, Nov 10 2018, 09:39:53) 
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-23)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>