python實踐學習之《問題：centos7安裝mysql-devel出現包依賴問題》
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-21
背景
我們使用的作業系統是centos7.3版本，之前此機器上通過編譯安裝了5.7版本的mysql。
我們需要在linux（centos7）上面使用python連線mysql資料庫，進行資料的查詢，所以我們進行了下面的步驟的嘗試：
1、匯入第三方MySQL-python包操作，但是報錯：EnvironmentError: mysql_config not found，經過查詢發現是缺少mysql-devel包，於是開始了下面的第2步；
2、安裝mysql-devel包操作，命令：yum install mysql-devel，但是報了很多包版本衝突和依賴衝突的錯誤，如下：
[[email protected] linzhongquan]# yum -y install mysql-devel Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.163.com * updates: mirrors.163.com Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mariadb-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.50-1.el7_2 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mariadb-libs(x86-64) = 1:5.5.50-1.el7_2 for package: 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.50-1.el7_2 will be installed Removing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.50-1.el7_2 - u due to obsoletes from installed mysql-community-libs-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64 --> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes. --> Running transaction check ---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.50-1.el7_2 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mariadb-libs(x86-64) = 1:5.5.50-1.el7_2 for package: 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.47-1.el7_2 will be installed ---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.50-1.el7_2 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mariadb-libs(x86-64) = 1:5.5.50-1.el7_2 for package: 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64 Removing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.47-1.el7_2 - u due to obsoletes from installed mysql-community-libs-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64 --> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes. --> Running transaction check ---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.47-1.el7_2 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64 ---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.50-1.el7_2 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mariadb-libs(x86-64) = 1:5.5.50-1.el7_2 for package: 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos will be installed ---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.50-1.el7_2 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mariadb-libs(x86-64) = 1:5.5.50-1.el7_2 for package: 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64 Removing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos - u due to obsoletes from installed mysql-community-libs-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64 --> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes. --> Running transaction check ---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64 ---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.50-1.el7_2 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mariadb-libs(x86-64) = 1:5.5.50-1.el7_2 for package: 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64 --> Finished Dependency Resolution Error: Package: 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64 (updates) Requires: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) Available: 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 (base) libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) Available: 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.47-1.el7_2.x86_64 (updates) libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) Available: 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64 (updates) libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) Error: Package: 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64 (updates) Requires: mariadb-libs(x86-64) = 1:5.5.50-1.el7_2 Available: 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 (base) mariadb-libs(x86-64) = 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos Available: 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.47-1.el7_2.x86_64 (updates) mariadb-libs(x86-64) = 1:5.5.47-1.el7_2 Available: 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.50-1.el7_2.i686 (updates) ~mariadb-libs(x86-32) = 1:5.5.50-1.el7_2 Error: Package: 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64 (updates) Requires: mariadb-libs(x86-64) = 1:5.5.50-1.el7_2 Installing: 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 (base) mariadb-libs(x86-64) = 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos Available: 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.47-1.el7_2.x86_64 (updates) mariadb-libs(x86-64) = 1:5.5.47-1.el7_2 Available: 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.50-1.el7_2.i686 (updates) ~mariadb-libs(x86-32) = 1:5.5.50-1.el7_2 Error: Package: 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64 (updates) Requires: mariadb-libs(x86-64) = 1:5.5.50-1.el7_2 Available: 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 (base) mariadb-libs(x86-64) = 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos Installing: 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.47-1.el7_2.x86_64 (updates) mariadb-libs(x86-64) = 1:5.5.47-1.el7_2 Available: 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.50-1.el7_2.i686 (updates) ~mariadb-libs(x86-32) = 1:5.5.50-1.el7_2 You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem ** Found 2 pre-existing rpmdb problem(s), 'yum check' output follows: icedtea-web-1.6.1-4.el7.x86_64 has missing requires of java-1.8.0-openjdk jline-1.0-8.el7.noarch has missing requires of java >= ('0', '1.5', None)
以上報錯就是我們這次要解決的問題。
原因
發現上面預設是要安裝mariadb-devel-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64，這才意識到，之前的mysql是通過編譯的方式安裝，可能是沒有mysql的yum源，然後去/etc/yum.repos.d/路徑下面去看，發現確實是沒有mysql的yum源。如下：
[[email protected] linzhongquan]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ [[email protected] yum.repos.d]# ls CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Sources.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
所以，安裝mysql-devel報錯的原因應該就是缺少mysql的yum源。
解決方法
1、下載對應版本mysql的yum源的rpm包
wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm2、安裝rpm包
rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm此時，/etc/yum.repos.d/路徑下面會多出兩個檔案：mysql-community.repo、mysql-community-resource.repo。
3、安裝mysql-devel包，命令：yum install mysql-devel，安裝完成！