Maven搭建SpringMVC+Hibernate專案詳解
前言
今天覆習一下SpringMVC+Hibernate的搭建,本來想著將Spring-Security許可權控制框架也映入其中的,但是發現內容太多了,Spring-Security的就留在下一篇吧,這篇主要搭建SpringMVC4.1.4和Hibernate4.3.8,之前也打了好多SpringMVC的,這部分已經非常的熟悉了,畢竟業開發過一年多SpringMVC的,這次持久層採用Hibernate,資料來源採用c3p0,資料庫暫採用MySQL,主要是想複習一下Hibernate。搭建SpringMVC+Hibernate的框架的思路如下:
1、設計資料庫:設計好表結構,最好符合3NF,採用Hibernate tools將設計好的表自動生成對應的實體entity。
1、建立Maven專案,按需映入Maven包依賴。
2、搭建Spring:配置Spring對控制元件層Bean的注入。
3、搭建Hibernate:配置資料來源,配置SessionFactory,配置事務,以及二級快取ehcache的配置。
4、測試Spring+Hibernate的框架搭建,寫單元測試JUnit,測試事務配置等。
5、映入SpringMVC:配置SpringMVC配置資訊。
6、配置web.xml容器
7、測試三個框架的整合:Maven編譯打包部署伺服器,測試。
1、資料庫設計
設計一個許可權、角色、使用者的表。自然如果一個使用者可以有多個角色,一個角色多個使用者所擁有;一個角色擁有多個許可權,一個許可權對應多個角色。所以按照資料庫表結構設計,符合3NF的話我們需要5張表進行存在。表的具體資訊就不列出了(可以下在原始碼,裡面還有資料庫),表關係如下:
這裡面ID才用到是java的UUID(36位)
2、建立Maven專案,編寫pom.xml檔案
建立一個Maven的webapp專案,編寫pom.xml檔案,引入所需的包依賴,我這裡就將所需的全部的映入了。
pom.xml檔案內容如下:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>org.andy.sh</groupId> <artifactId>springmvc_hibernate_demo</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>springmvc_hibernate_demo Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <spring.version>4.1.4.RELEASE</spring.version> <hibernate.version>4.3.8.Final</hibernate.version> <jackson.version>2.5.0</jackson.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- junit --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- spring --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- 使用SpringMVC需配置 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- 關係型資料庫整合時需配置 如hibernate jpa等 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- hibernate --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- 二級快取ehcache --> <dependency> <groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId> <artifactId>ehcache</artifactId> <version>2.9.0</version> </dependency> <!-- log4j --> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.17</version> </dependency> <!-- mysql連線 --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.34</version> </dependency> <!-- c3p0資料來源 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.mchange</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.5-pre10</version> </dependency> <!-- json --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.2.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>${jackson.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>${jackson.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>${jackson.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- aop --> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.8.4</version> </dependency> <!-- servlet --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.0-alpha-1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>springmvc_hibernate_demo</finalName> <plugins> <!-- Run the JUnit unit tests in an isolated classloader --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.4.2</version> <configuration> <skipTests>true</skipTests> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.3</version> <configuration> <webXml>src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml</webXml> </configuration> </plugin> <!-- generate java doc --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.9.1</version> <configuration> <javadocDirectory>target/javadoc</javadocDirectory> <reportOutputDirectory>target/javadoc</reportOutputDirectory> <charset>UTF-8</charset> <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> <docencoding>UTF-8</docencoding> <show>private</show> </configuration> </plugin> <!-- 部署至本機 --> <plugin> <groupId>org.codehaus.cargo</groupId> <artifactId>cargo-maven2-plugin</artifactId> <version>1.0</version> <configuration> <container> <containerId>tomcat6x</containerId> <home>D:\WebServer\apache-tomcat-6.0.39</home> </container> <configuration> <type>existing</type> <home>D:\WebServer\apache-tomcat-6.0.39</home> </configuration> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
3、引入Spring配置
編寫配置檔案,配置檔案放在src/main/resources資源目錄下(下同)。
專案所需的配置資訊config.properties
#application configs
#jdbc c3p0 config
jdbc.driver = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/work?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.username = root
jdbc.password = 12345
#hibernate config
hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
hibernate.show_sql = true
hibernate.format_sql = false
hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto = update
hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache = true
hibernate.cache.use_query_cache = true
hibernate.cache.region.factory_class = org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.EhCacheRegionFactory
hibernate.cache.provider_configuration_file_resource_path = ehcache.xml
3.1、spring配置
spring.xml的配置檔案如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd">
<!-- 載入配置檔案 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:config.properties"/>
<!-- 掃描service自動注入為bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="org.andy.work.service.impl,org.andy.work.dao.impl" />
</beans>
上面spring配置了對應包下元件bean自動注入管理,我們需要將dao,service的實現類交由spring管理,如(@Repository,@Service)。
3.2、引入日誌檔案配置Log4j
log4j.properties的配置檔案如下:
### set log levels ###
log4j.rootLogger = INFO , C , D , E
### console ###
log4j.appender.C = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.C.Target = System.out
log4j.appender.C.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.C.layout.ConversionPattern = [springmvc_hibernate_demo][%p] [%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n
### log file ###
log4j.appender.D = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.D.File = ../logs/springmvc_hibernate_demo.log
log4j.appender.D.Append = true
log4j.appender.D.Threshold = INFO
log4j.appender.D.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.D.layout.ConversionPattern = [springmvc_hibernate_demo][%p] [%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n
### exception ###
log4j.appender.E = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.E.File = ../logs/springmvc_hibernate_demo_error.log
log4j.appender.E.Append = true
log4j.appender.E.Threshold = ERROR
log4j.appender.E.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.E.layout.ConversionPattern = [sspringmvc_hibernate_demo][%p] [%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n
4、Hibernate配置
Hibernate的配置主要包括:配置資料來源c3p0,配置SessionFactory,配置事務管理器,配置事務管理,其spring-hibernate.xml檔案如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd">
<!-- 配置資料來源 c3p0 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<!-- 請求超時時間 -->
<property name="checkoutTimeout" value="30000" />
<!-- 每60秒檢查所有連線池中的空閒連線。預設值: 0,不檢查 -->
<property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="30" />
<!-- 連線資料庫連線池最大空閒時間 -->
<property name="maxIdleTime" value="30" />
<!-- 連線池初始化連線數 -->
<property name="initialPoolSize" value="5" />
<property name="minPoolSize" value="5" />
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="20" />
<!--當連線池中的連線耗盡的時候c3p0一次同時獲取的連線數。預設值: 3 -->
<property name="acquireIncrement" value="5" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置hibernate的SessionFactory -->
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 注入資料來源 相關資訊看原始碼 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!-- hibernate配置資訊 -->
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop>
<!-- 開啟二級快取 ehcache -->
<prop key="hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache">${hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.cache.use_query_cache">${hibernate.cache.use_query_cache}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.cache.region.factory_class">${hibernate.cache.region.factory_class}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.cache.provider_configuration_file_resource_path">${hibernate.cache.provider_configuration_file_resource_path}
</prop>
</props>
</property>
<!-- 掃描hibernate註解配置的entity -->
<property name="packagesToScan" value="org.andy.work.entity" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置事務管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置事務增強處理Bean,指定事務管理器 -->
<tx:advice id="transactionAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<!-- 配置詳細事務處理語義 -->
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="find*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="select*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="load*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
<!-- 其他採用預設事務方式 -->
<tx:method name="*" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<!-- Spring aop事務管理 -->
<aop:config>
<!-- 配置切入點 -->
<aop:pointcut id="transactionPointcut"
expression="execution(* org.andy.work.service..*Impl.*(..))" />
<!-- 指定在txAdvice切入點應用txAdvice事務增強處理 -->
<aop:advisor pointcut-ref="transactionPointcut"
advice-ref="transactionAdvice" />
</aop:config>
</beans>
上面配置了二級快取,ehcache,相關的具體資訊檢視上一篇Hibernate二級快取以及ehcache的搭建配置,下面是二級快取的配置。
4.1、ehcache.xml的配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ehcache xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="../config/ehcache.xsd">
<diskStore path="D:/ehcache" />
<!-- DefaultCache setting. -->
<defaultCache
maxElementsInMemory="1000"
eternal="false"
timeToIdleSeconds="120"
timeToLiveSeconds="120"
maxElementsOnDisk="1000000"
overflowToDisk="true"
memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU">
</defaultCache>
<!-- Special objects setting. -->
<cache
name="org.andy.work.entity.AcctUser"
maxElementsInMemory="2"
memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU"
eternal="true"
diskPersistent="false"
overflowToDisk="false"
maxElementsOnDisk="1000000" />
</ehcache>
上面Hibernate二級快取ehcache存放磁碟是D:/ehcache
5、生成業務entity實體
設計好資料表後,Hibernate的實體有工具Hibernate tools自動生成,Eclipse需要安裝Hibernate tools外掛(我線上安裝過幾次都不成功,推薦使用links離線安裝,附錄將介紹),所以不需要手工的書寫,下面就貼一個使用者資訊的實體,AcctUser.java
package org.andy.work.entity;
// Generated 2015-2-3 10:43:00 by Hibernate Tools 4.0.0
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.JoinTable;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
import org.hibernate.annotations.Cache;
import org.hibernate.annotations.CacheConcurrencyStrategy;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnoreProperties;
/**
* AcctUser generated by hbm2java
*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "acct_user", catalog = "work")
@Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE)
public class AcctUser implements java.io.Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 6980093847795726310L;
private String id;
private String nickName;
private String telephone;
private Date registerTime;
private Set<AcctRole> acctRoles = new HashSet<AcctRole>(0);
public AcctUser() {
}
public AcctUser(String id, String nickName) {
this.id = id;
this.nickName = nickName;
}
public AcctUser(String id, String nickName, String telephone,
Date registerTime, Set<AcctRole> acctRoles) {
this.id = id;
this.nickName = nickName;
this.telephone = telephone;
this.registerTime = registerTime;
this.acctRoles = acctRoles;
}
@Id
@Column(name = "id", unique = true, nullable = false, length = 36)
public String getId() {
return this.id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
@Column(name = "nick_name", nullable = false)
public String getNickName() {
return this.nickName;
}
public void setNickName(String nickName) {
this.nickName = nickName;
}
@Column(name = "telephone")
public String getTelephone() {
return this.telephone;
}
public void setTelephone(String telephone) {
this.telephone = telephone;
}
@Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
@Column(name = "register_time", length = 19)
public Date getRegisterTime() {
return this.registerTime;
}
public void setRegisterTime(Date registerTime) {
this.registerTime = registerTime;
}
@JsonIgnoreProperties(value={"acctUsers", "acctAuthorities"})
@ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
@Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE)
@JoinTable(name = "acct_user_role", catalog = "work", joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "user_id", nullable = false, updatable = false) }, inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "role_id", nullable = false, updatable = false) })
public Set<AcctRole> getAcctRoles() {
return this.acctRoles;
}
public void setAcctRoles(Set<AcctRole> acctRoles) {
this.acctRoles = acctRoles;
}
}
上面有幾個需要注意的:
上面大多數都是Hibernate tools自動生成的,但是有幾個需要手動新增:
1、如果這個實體使用二級快取的話,需要新增@cache註解;
2、如果該實體裡面還有集合元素(set, map,list),如果實體要採用二級快取,那麼這些集合元素必須也新增@cache註解。
3、@JsonIgnoreProperties註解是為了防止SpringMVC在json返回時產生迴圈輸出使用,如果不配置的話就會出現json死迴圈(還有多對多,一對多的屬性時)。
4、@JsonIgnore這個是在轉換成json是忽略該屬性,而@JsonIgnoreProperties(value={"acctUsers", "acctAuthorities"})則是忽略acctRoles裡面的acctUsers和acctAuthorites屬性。
6、建立Dao層
6.1Dao介面
Dao層和Service層我們肯定採用的是面相介面程式設計的思想,所以,我們先定義一個通用的Dao介面,GenericDao.java
package org.andy.work.dao;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 建立時間:2015-2-6 下午2:26:42
*
* @author andy
* @version 2.2
*
* Dao通用介面
*/
interface GenericDao<T, PK extends Serializable> {
T load(PK id);
T get(PK id);
List<T> findAll();
void persist(T entity);
PK save(T entity);
void saveOrUpdate(T entity);
void delete(PK id);
void flush();
}
在定義具體的UserDao.java介面
package org.andy.work.dao;
import org.andy.work.entity.AcctUser;
/**
* 建立時間:2015-2-6 下午2:43:50
*
* @author andy
* @version 2.2
*
* 使用者Dao介面
*/
public interface UserDao extends GenericDao<AcctUser, String> {
}
6.2、Dao層實現類
我們需要將Dao層的實現類注入為bean,所以需要新增@Repository註解,UserDaoImpl如下:
package org.andy.work.dao.impl;
import java.util.List;
import org.andy.work.dao.UserDao;
import org.andy.work.entity.AcctUser;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
/**
* 建立時間:2015-2-6 下午2:45:14
*
* @author andy
* @version 2.2
*/
@Repository("userDao")
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
@Autowired
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
private Session getCurrentSession() {
return this.sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
}
@Override
public AcctUser load(String id) {
return (AcctUser) this.getCurrentSession().load(AcctUser.class, id);
}
@Override
public AcctUser get(String id) {
return (AcctUser) this.getCurrentSession().get(AcctUser.class, id);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Override
public List<AcctUser> findAll() {
List<AcctUser> acctUsers = this.getCurrentSession().createQuery("from AcctUser").setCacheable(true).list();
return acctUsers;
}
@Override
public void persist(AcctUser entity) {
this.getCurrentSession().persist(entity);
}
@Override
public String save(AcctUser entity) {
return (String) this.getCurrentSession().save(entity);
}
@Override
public void saveOrUpdate(AcctUser entity) {
this.getCurrentSession().saveOrUpdate(entity);
}
@Override
public void delete(String id) {
AcctUser entity = this.load(id);
this.getCurrentSession().delete(entity);
}
@Override
public void flush() {
this.getCurrentSession().flush();
}
}
7、建立Service層
7.1、Service層介面
package org.andy.work.service;
import java.util.List;
import org.andy.work.entity.AcctUser;
/**
* 建立時間:2015-2-6 下午3:18:57
*
* @author andy
* @version 2.2
* userService介面
*/
public interface UserService {
AcctUser load(String id);
AcctUser get(String id);
List<AcctUser> findAll();
void persist(AcctUser entity);
String save(AcctUser entity);
void saveOrUpdate(AcctUser entity);
void delete(String id);
void flush();
}
7.2、service層實現類
UserServiceImpl就需要注入上面定義的Dao層bean。
package org.andy.work.service.impl;
import java.util.List;
import org.andy.work.dao.UserDao;
import org.andy.work.entity.AcctUser;
import org.andy.work.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* 建立時間:2015-2-6 下午3:24:16
*
* @author andy
* @version 2.2 UserService 的實現
*/
@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired
private UserDao userDao;
@Override
public AcctUser load(String id) {
return userDao.load(id);
}
@Override
public AcctUser get(String id) {
return userDao.get(id);
}
@Override
public List<AcctUser> findAll() {
return userDao.findAll();
}
@Override
public void persist(AcctUser entity) {
userDao.persist(entity);
}
@Override
public String save(AcctUser entity) {
return userDao.save(entity);
}
@Override
public void saveOrUpdate(AcctUser entity) {
userDao.saveOrUpdate(entity);
}
@Override
public void delete(String id) {
userDao.delete(id);
}
@Override
public void flush() {
userDao.flush();
}
}
8、測試Spring和Hibernate的整合
我們可以在src/test/java編寫測試類,測試上面的配置,如果測試成功已經基本大功告成。
package org.andy.work.service;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;
import org.andy.work.entity.AcctUser;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
/**
* 建立時間:2015-2-6 下午3:31:07
*
* @author andy
* @version 2.2
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:spring.xml",
"classpath:spring-hibernate.xml" })
public class TestUserService {
private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger
.getLogger(TestUserService.class);
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@Test
public void save() {
AcctUser acctUser = new AcctUser();
acctUser.setId(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
acctUser.setNickName("andy");
acctUser.setRegisterTime(new Date());
acctUser.setTelephone("13022221111");
String id = userService.save(acctUser);
LOGGER.info(JSON.toJSONString(id));
}
}
9、引入SpringMVC
新增spring-mvc.xml檔案
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">
<!-- 自動掃描@Controller注入為bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="org.andy.work.controller" />
<!-- 以下為SpringMVC配置 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- 返回json資料,@response使用 -->
<mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
<bean
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
<value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- 對模型檢視名稱的解析,即在模型檢視名稱新增前後綴 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass"
value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
上面配置了包掃描Controller,將@Controller注入為spring的bean。以及springmvc的json處理,和檢視層的配置。
10、配置web.xml容器
web容器是web專案的大腦,所以web容器,首先需要引入spring,讓spring管理各個框架,並將其注入為bean。然後配置控制層的filter資訊。並且配置了springmvc攔截的url為以.hmls結尾的請求。
web.xml檔案如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>springmvc_demo</display-name>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring.xml,classpath:spring-hibernate.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- openSessionInView配置 作用是延遲session關閉到view層 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>openSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>singleSession</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<!-- 監聽servletContext,啟動contextConfigLocation中的spring配置資訊 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 防止spring記憶體溢位監聽器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<description>spring mvc servlet</description>
<servlet-name>rest</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<!-- 此處配置的是SpringMVC的配置檔案 -->
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>rest</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.htmls</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>openSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>*.htmls</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 配置session超時時間,單位分鐘 -->
<session-config>
<session-timeout>30</session-timeout>
</session-config>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
11、建立控制層Controller
控制層UserController
package org.andy.work.controller;
import java.util.List;
import org.andy.work.entity.AcctUser;
import org.andy.work.service.UserService;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
/**
* 建立時間:2015-2-7 上午11:49:00
* @author andy
* @version 2.2
* 描述: 使用者Controller
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(UserController.class);
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping("/showInfo/{userId}")
public String showUserInfo(ModelMap modelMap, @PathVariable String userId){
LOGGER.info("查詢使用者:" + userId);
AcctUser userInfo = userService.load(userId);
modelMap.addAttribute("userInfo", userInfo);
return "/user/showInfo";
}
@RequestMapping("/showInfos")
public @ResponseBody List<AcctUser> showUserInfos(){
LOGGER.info("查詢使用者全部使用者");
List<AcctUser> userInfos = userService.findAll();
return userInfos;
}
}
12、建立檢視層
在src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/views下 建立user/showInfo.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<%@taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
+ request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+ path + "/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>" />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
<title>userInfo</title>
</head>
<body>
使用者資訊 暱稱: ${userInfo.nickName} 使用者id:${userInfo.id} 使用者電話:${userInfo.telephone } 註冊時間:
<fmt:formatDate value="${userInfo.registerTime }" pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss" />
角色:[
<c:forEach items="${ userInfo.acctRoles}" var="role">
${role.name } 許可權[
<c:forEach items="${ role.acctAuthorities}" var="authority">
${authority.name }
</c:forEach> ]
</c:forEach>
]
<br /> ajax顯示全部使用者資訊:
<div id="show_all_user"></div>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
$.ajax({
type : "get",
url : "user/showInfos.htmls",
dataType : "json",
success : function(data) {
$(data).each(
function(i, user) {
var p = "<p>暱稱:" + user.nickName + " 電話:"
+ user.telephone + " 註冊時間:"
+ user.registerTime + " id:" + user.id +
"</p>";
$("#show_all_user").append(p);
});
},
async : true
});
</script>
</html>
13、部署伺服器測試
使用Maven打包部署:clean compile package
部署到tomcat,測試
主要測試上面的 http://localhost:8080/springmvc_hibernate_demo/user/showInfo/6e5afb1d-50e1-45fe-b6fe-b9e399415387.htmls
和http://localhost:8080/springmvc_hibernate_demo/user/showInfos.htmls (json資料返回)
上面檢視層就包含了這兩條url請求的測試:
ok,到此Spring+SpringMVC+Hibernate搭建完畢。